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In the Literature
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac596
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages i–ii
Comparison of Intra-Familial Transmission of Influenza Virus From Index Patients Treated With Baloxavir Marboxil or Oseltamivir Using an Influenza Transmission Model and a Health Insurance Claims DatabaseÂ
Shogo Miyazawa, Takahiro Takazono, Naoki Hosogaya, Kazuko Yamamoto, Hideaki Watanabe, Masakazu Fujiwara, Satoki Fujita, Hiroshi Mukae
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac068
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 927–935
Influenza affects approximately a billion people globally, including > 10 million Japanese individuals every year. Baloxavir marboxil (baloxavir [BXM]; a selective cap-dependent endonuclease inhibitor) is approved for influenza treatment in Japan. We compared the incidence of intra-familial transmission of influenza between BXM and oseltamivir (OTV) treatments using a simulation model.
Prevalence and Correlates of Viral Load Suppression and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Drug Resistance Among Children and Adolescents in South Rift Valley and Kisumu, KenyaÂ
Isaac Tsikhutsu, Margaret Bii, Nicole Dear, Kavitha Ganesan, Alex Kasembeli, Valentine Sing’oei, Kevin Rombosia, Christopher Ochieng, Priyanka Desai, Vanessa Wolfman, Peter Coakley, Elizabeth H Lee, Patrick W Hickey, Jeffrey Livezey, Patricia Agaba
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac059
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 936–944
Children and adolescents living with HIV (CALHIV) face unique challenges, including poorer treatment outcomes, risk for drug-resistance mutations (HIVDRMs), and limited drug formulations. We estimated viral suppression (VS) prevalence and evaluated predictors of VS and HIVDRMs in Kenya.
Gut Dysfunction Markers Are Associated With Body Composition in Youth Living With Perinatally Acquired Human Immunodeficiency VirusÂ
Sahera Dirajlal-Fargo, Denise L Jacobson, Wendy Yu, Ayesha Mirza, Mitchell E Geffner, Jennifer Jao, Grace A McComsey
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac053
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 945–952
The association between gut dysfunction and body fat composition in youth living with perinatal human immunodeficiency virus infection (YPHIV) has not been investigated.
Surveillance for Disseminated Gonococcal Infections, Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs)—United States, 2015–2019Â
Emily J Weston, Brooke L Heidenga, Monica M Farley, Amy Tunali, Melissa Tobin D’Angelo, Ashley Moore, Kimberly Workowski, Brian H Raphael, Hillard Weinstock, Elizabeth Torrone
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac052
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 953–958
Disseminated gonococcal infections (DGIs) are thought to be uncommon; surveillance is limited, and case reports are analyzed retrospectively or in case clusters. We describe the population-level burden of culture-confirmed DGIs through the Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) system.
Mass Drug Administration for the Control of Scabies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysisÂ
Susanna J Lake, John M Kaldor, Myra Hardy, Daniel Engelman, Andrew C Steer, Lucia Romani
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac042
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 959–967
Scabies is a neglected tropical disease of the skin that can lead to impetigo, serious secondary bacterial infections and immune-mediated diseases. Mass drug administration (MDA) has been reported in several studies to reduce the prevalence of scabies and impetigo. We aimed to assess the efficacy of MDA for scabies on scabies and impetigo.
Fever of Unknown Origin and Incidence of CancerÂ
Kirstine K Søgaard, Dóra Körmendiné Farkas, Michelle Z Leisner, Sigrun Alba Johannesdottir Schmidt, Timothy L Lash, Henrik Toft Sørensen
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac040
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 968–974
Diagnostic tools for determining causes of fever of unknown origin (FUO) have improved over time. We examined if cancer incidence among these patients changed over a 20-year period.
Efficacy and Safety of Switching to Dolutegravir/Lamivudine Versus Continuing a Tenofovir Alafenamide–Based 3- or 4-Drug Regimen for Maintenance of Virologic Suppression in Adults Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: Results Through Week 144 From the Phase 3, Noninferiority TANGO Randomized TrialÂ
Olayemi Osiyemi, Stéphane De Wit, Faïza Ajana, Fiona Bisshop, JoaquÃn Portilla, Jean Pierre Routy, Christoph Wyen, Mounir Ait-Khaled, Peter Leone, Keith A Pappa, Ruolan Wang, Jonathan Wright, Nisha George, Brian Wynne, Michael Aboud, Jean van Wyk, Kimberly Y Smith
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac036
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 975–986
Switching to dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) was noninferior to continuing tenofovir alafenamide (TAF)–based regimens for maintaining virologic suppression at week 48 of the TANGO study. Here we present week 144 outcomes (efficacy, safety, weight, and biomarkers).
Five-Year Community Surveillance Study for Acute Respiratory Infections Using Text Messaging: Findings From the MoSAIC StudyÂ
Melissa S Stockwell, Carrie Reed, Celibell Y Vargas, Liqun Wang, Luis R Alba, Haomiao Jia, Philip LaRussa, Elaine L Larson, Lisa Saiman
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac027
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 987–995
Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are the most common infectious diseases globally. Community surveillance may provide a more comprehensive picture of disease burden than medically attended illness alone.
Effect of Maternal Immunization With 10-Valent Pneumococcus Conjugate Vaccine (PCV-10), 23-Valent Pneumococcus Polysaccharide Vaccine, or Placebo on the Immunogenicity of PCV-10 in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Exposed Uninfected Infants: A Randomized Clinical TrialÂ
Marisa M Mussi-Pinhata, Shawn Ward, Lauren Laimon, Stephen I Pelton, Jennifer Canniff, Amanda Golner, Frederic Bone, Lassallete Newton, Petronella Muresan, Terence Fenton, Michael J Johnson, Esau C João, Breno R Santos, Jose H Pilotto, Ricardo H Oliveira, Jorge A Pinto, Andrea G B L Dal Bó, Regis Kreitchmann, Nahida Chakhtoura, Geraldo Duarte, Adriana Weinberg
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac026
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 996–1005
The effect of pneumococcal vaccination of mothers with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on infant responses to childhood vaccination has not been studied. We compared the immunogenicity of 10-valent pneumococcus conjugate vaccine (PCV-10) in HIV-exposed uninfected infants born to mothers who received PCV-10, 23-valent pneumococcus polysaccharide vaccine (PPV-23), or placebo during pregnancy.
Safety of Treatment Regimens Containing Bedaquiline and Delamanid in the endTB CohortÂ
Catherine Hewison, Uzma Khan, Mathieu Bastard, Nathalie Lachenal, Sylvine Coutisson, Elna Osso, Saman Ahmed, Palwasha Khan, Molly F Franke, Michael L Rich, Francis Varaine, Nara Melikyan, Kwonjune J Seung, Malik Adenov, Sana Adnan, Narine Danielyan, Shirajul Islam, Aleeza Janmohamed, Hayk Karakozian, Maureen Kamene Kimenye, Ohanna Kirakosyan, Begimkul Kholikulov, Aga Krisnanda, Andargachew Kumsa, Garmaly Leblanc, Leonid Lecca, Mpiti Nkuebe, Shahid Mamsa, Shrivani Padayachee, Phone Thit, Carole D Mitnick, Helena Huerga
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac019
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1006–1013
Safety of treatment for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) can be an obstacle to treatment completion. Evaluate safety of longer MDR/RR-TB regimens containing bedaquiline and/or delamanid.
The Diagnostic Accuracy of Chest Radiographic Features for Pediatric Intrathoracic TuberculosisÂ
Megan Palmer, Kenneth S Gunasekera, Marieke M van der Zalm, Julie Morrison, H Simon Schaaf, Pierre Goussard, Anneke C Hesseling, Elisabetta Walters, James A Seddon
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac011
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1014–1021
The chest radiograph (CR) remains a key tool in the diagnosis of pediatric tuberculosis (TB). In children with presumptive intrathoracic TB, we aimed to identify CR features that had high specificity for, and were strongly associated with, bacteriologically confirmed TB.
Development and Validation of a Parsimonious Tuberculosis Gene Signature Using the digital NanoString nCounter PlatformÂ
Vaishnavi Kaipilyawar, Yue Zhao, Xutao Wang, Noyal M Joseph, Selby Knudsen, Senbagavalli Prakash Babu, Muthuraj Muthaiah, Natasha S Hochberg, Sonali Sarkar, Charles R Horsburgh, Jr, Jerrold J Ellner, W Evan Johnson, Padmini Salgame
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac010
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1022–1030
Blood-based biomarkers for diagnosing active tuberculosis (TB), monitoring treatment response, and predicting risk of progression to TB disease have been reported. However, validation of the biomarkers across multiple independent cohorts is scarce. A robust platform to validate TB biomarkers in different populations with clinical end points is essential to the development of a point-of-care clinical test. NanoString nCounter technology is an amplification-free digital detection platform that directly measures mRNA transcripts with high specificity. Here, we determined whether NanoString could serve as a platform for extensive validation of candidate TB biomarkers.
Attributable Mortality of Candida Bloodstream Infections in the Modern Era: A Propensity Score AnalysisÂ
Patrick B Mazi, Margaret A Olsen, Dustin Stwalley, Adriana M Rauseo, Chapelle Ayres, William G Powderly, Andrej Spec
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac004
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1031–1036
This study quantifies the mortality attributable to Candida bloodstream infections (BSI) in the modern era of echinocandins.
Influence of NAT2 Genotype and Maturation on Isoniazid Exposure in Low-Birth-Weight and Preterm Infants With or Without Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) ExposureÂ
Agathe Béranger, Adrie Bekker, Belén P Solans, Mark F Cotton, Mark Mirochnick, Avy Violari, Jiajia Wang, Mae Cababasay, Lubbe Wiesner, Renee Browning, Jack Moye, Edmund V Capparelli, Radojka M Savic
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac001
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1037–1045
Isoniazid (INH) metabolism depends on the N-acetyl transferase 2 (NAT2) enzyme, whose maturation process remains unknown in low birth weight (LBW) and preterm infants. We aimed to assess INH exposure and safety in infants receiving oral tuberculosis prevention.
Incidence and Predictors of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Patients With Hematological Cancers Between 2016 and 2019Â
Maria Certan, Hannah M Garcia Garrido, Gino Wong, Jarom Heijmans, Martin P Grobusch, Abraham Goorhuis
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac005
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1046–1053
Patients with hematological cancers (HC) are at high risk of infections, in particular community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Recent data on incidence and predictors of CAP among patients with HC are scarce.
Detection of Treponema pallidum DNA During Early Syphilis Stages in Peripheral Blood, Oropharynx, Ano-Rectum and Urine as a Proxy for TransmissibilityÂ
S A Nieuwenburg, H C A Zondag, S M Bruisten, V W Jongen, M F Schim van der Loeff, A P van Dam, H J C de Vries
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac056
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1054–1062
Syphilis diagnosis may be challenging, especially in the asymptomatic and early clinical stages. We evaluated the presence of Treponema pallidum DNA (TP-DNA) in various sample types to elucidate transmissibility during various syphilis stages.
Antibiotic Stewardship Strategies and Their Association With Antibiotic Overuse After Hospital Discharge: An Analysis of the Reducing Overuse of Antibiotics at Discharge (Road) Home FrameworkÂ
Valerie M Vaughn, David Ratz, M Todd Greene, Scott A Flanders, Tejal N Gandhi, Lindsay A Petty, Sean Huls, Xiaomei Feng, Andrea T White, Adam L Hersh
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac104
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1063–1072
Strategies to optimize antibiotic prescribing at discharge are not well understood.
The Effectiveness of Low Dead Space Syringes for Reducing the Risk of Hepatitis C Virus Acquisition Among People Who Inject Drugs: Findings From a National Survey in England, Wales, and Northern IrelandÂ
Adam Trickey, Sara Croxford, Eva Emanuel, Samreen Ijaz, Matthew Hickman, Joanna Kesten, Clare Thomas, Claire Edmundson, Monica Desai, Peter Vickerman
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac140
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1073–1077
Syringes with attached needles (termed fixed low dead space syringes [LDSS]) retain less blood following injection than syringes with detachable needles, but evidence on them reducing blood-borne virus transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID) is lacking.
Characteristics of Persons Treated for Hepatitis C Using National Pharmacy Claims Data, United States, 2014–2020Â
Eyasu H Teshale, Henry Roberts, Neil Gupta, Ruth Jiles
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac139
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1078–1080
Using national pharmacy claims data for 2014–2020, 843 329 persons were treated for hepatitis C at least once. The proportion treated increased annually among persons aged <40 years, insured by Medicaid, and treated by primary care providers. Monitoring hepatitis C treatment is essential to identify barriers to treatment access.
Cefiderocol for the Treatment of Infections Due to Metallo-B-lactamase–Producing Pathogens in the CREDIBLE-CR and APEKS-NP Phase 3 Randomized StudiesÂ
Jean Francois Timsit, Mical Paul, Ryan K Shields, Roger Echols, Takamichi Baba, Yoshinori Yamano, Simon Portsmouth
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac078
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1081–1084
In the CREDIBLE-CR and APEKS-NP studies, cefiderocol treatment was effective against gram-negative bacteria producing metallo-B-lactamases; rates of clinical cure (70.8% [17/24]), microbiological eradication (58.3% [14/24]), and day 28 all-cause mortality (12.5% [3/24]) compared favorably with comparators of best-available therapy and high-dose meropenem (40.0% [4/10], 30.0% [3/10], and 50.0% [5/10], respectively).
Cefiderocol for the Treatment of Metallo-β-Lactamases Producing Gram-Negative Bacilli: Lights and Shadows From the LiteratureÂ
Marco Falcone, Giusy Tiseo
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac082
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1085–1087
Genital Immune Cell Activation and Tenofovir Gel Efficacy: A Case-Control StudyÂ
Lenine J P Liebenberg, Jo Ann S Passmore, Farzana Osman, Janine Jewanraj, Andile Mtshali, J Gerardo Garcia-Lerma, Walid Heneine, Angela Holder, Derseree Archary, Sinaye Ngcapu, Aida Sivro, Leila E Mansoor, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Salim S Abdool Karim, Lyle R McKinnon
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac115
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1088–1091
Genital inflammation (GI) undermines topical human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) efficacy through unknown mechanisms. Here, associations between activated endocervical CD4 + T-cell numbers and higher deoxyadenosine triphosphate (dATP) concentrations suggest that competition for intracellular metabolites within HIV target cells may reduce the efficacy of antiretroviral-based PrEP in women with GI.
Screening for Ocular Candidiasis Among Patients With Candidemia: Is It Time to Change Practice?Â
Matthew O’Donnell, Andrew W Eller, Evan L Waxman, Cornelius J Clancy, M Hong Nguyen
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac233
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1092–1096
Ocular candidiasis (OC) complicates approximately 10% of candidemia and carries potentially severe morbidity
Sign of the Times: Updating Infective Endocarditis Diagnostic Criteria to Recognize Enterococcus faecalis as a Typical Endocarditis BacteriumÂ
Anders Dahl, Vance G Fowler, José M Miro, Niels E Bruun
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac181
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1097–1102
The modified Duke criteria requires that Enterococcus faecalis bacteremia must be both community-acquired and without known focus in order to be considered a microbiological “Major� diagnostic criterion in the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. We believe that the microbiological diagnostic criteria should be updated to regard E.
Vaccination of Ukrainian Refugees: Need for Urgent ActionÂ
Piotr Rzymski, Halina Falfushynska, Andrzej Fal
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac276
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1103–1108
The unprovoked aggression of Russian military forces on Ukraine in February 2022 has caused a high influx of refugees, including children, to neighboring countries, particularly Poland.
A Heart Transplant Patient With Fever, Diarrhea, and NeutropeniaÂ
Audrey Imbert, Anne Sigal-Cinqualbre, Thibaut Genty, François Stéphan
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab894
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1109–1110
Vaccination Did Not Prevent Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 in an Outbreak Among Older Residents of a Nursing Home, B.1.617.2 Variant, July 2021Â
Maaike Buskermolen, Irene Molthof, Helene A. C. M. Voeten, Joanna van Twillert, Annette Schriek, Carla Flach, Marlies Dijkers, Pieter W. Smit, Tirsah Koster, Ewout B Fanoy, Jane Whelan, Aimée Tjon-A-Tsien
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac329
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1111–1112
Is Inhaled Zanamivir Non-inferior to Oral Oseltamivir in the Treatment of Outpatients With Influenza?Â
Chih Cheng Lai, James Cheng Chung Wei
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac335
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Pages 1112–1113
Reply to Lai and WeiÂ
Chia ping Su, K Arnold Chan, Ching Tai Huang, Chi Tai Fang
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac336
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 6, 15 September 2022, Page 1113
