دسترسی یکساله به بیش از ۵۰۰ ژورنال روز جهان موجود در سامانه
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Medical Masks Versus N95 Respirators for Preventing COVID-19 Among Health Care Workers
Mark Loeb, MD , Amy Bartholomew, MScN , Madiha Hashmi, MD , Wadea Tarhuni, MD , Mohamed Hassany, MD , Ilan Youngster, MD , Ranjani Somayaji, MD , Oscar Larios, MD , Joseph Kim, MD , Bayan Missaghi, MD , Joseph V. Vayalumkal, MD , Dominik Mertz, MD , Zain Chagla, MD , Maureen Cividino, MD , Karim Ali, MD , Sarah Mansour, MB BCh BAO , Lana A. Castellucci, MD , Charles Frenette, MD , Leighanne Parkes, MD , Mark Downing, MD , Matthew Muller, MD, PhD , Verne Glavin, MD , Jennifer Newton, BSc , Ravi Hookoom, BASc , Jerome A. Leis, MD , James Kinross, MD , Stephanie Smith, MD , Sayem Borhan, PhD , Pardeep Singh, BSc , Eleanor Pullenayegum, PhD , and John Conly, MD
doi : 10.7326/M22-1966
It is uncertain if medical masks offer similar protection against COVID-19 compared with N95 respirators.
Contact Tracing and Exposure Investigation in Response to the First Case of Monkeypox Virus Infection in the United States During the 2022 Global Monkeypox Outbreak
Erica S. Shenoy, MD, PhD* , Sharon B. Wright, MD, MPH* , Deborah N. Barbeau, MD, PhD, MSPH , Lisa A. Foster, MS, ANP-BC , Aleah D. King, BSN, RN , Patrick S. Gordon, DNP, RN , Preeti Mehrotra, MD, MPH , Dana E. Pepe, MD, MPH , Daniel A. Caroff, MD, MPH , Lindsey R. Kim, MA, MSN, RN, CNL , Shannon E. McGrath, BS, MPH, RN, MT , Amy Courtney, RN, MPH , Meredith Fahy, RN, MPH , David C. Hooper, MD , Kaitlin Macdonald, MSN, ANP-BC , Eileen F. Searle, PhD, RN , Jennifer A. Shearer, MPH , Kimon C. Zachary, MD , Lindsay Bouton, MSc , Melissa Cumming, MS , Brandi Hopkins, MPH , Juliana Jacoboski, MPH , Erin Mann, MPH , Matthew Osborne, MPH , Carley Perez, MPH , Jordan Schultz, MPH , Sarah Scotland, MPH , Elizabeth Traphagen, MPH , Lawrence C. Madoff, MD†, and Catherine M. Brown, DVM, MSc, MPH
doi : 10.7326/M22-2721
In May 2022, the first case of monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection in the United States in the current global outbreak was identified. As part of the public health and health care facility response, a contact tracing and exposure investigation was done.
Total Ankle Replacement Versus Arthrodesis for End-Stage Ankle Osteoarthritis
Andrew J. Goldberg, MBBS* ,  Kashfia Chowdhury, MSc* ,  Ekaterina Bordea, PhD ,  Iva Hauptmannova, MSc ,  James Blackstone, MA ,  Deirdre Brooking, MSc ,  Elizabeth L. Deane, MSc ,  Stephen Bendall, MBBS ,  Andrew Bing, MBChB ,  Chris Blundell, MBChB ,  Sunil Dhar, MBBS ,  Andrew Molloy, MBChB ,  Steve Milner, MBChB ,  Mike Karski, MBChB ,  Steve Hepple, MBChB ,  Malik Siddique, MBBS ,  David T. Loveday, MBBS ,  Viren Mishra, MBBS ,  Paul Cooke, MBChB ,  Paul Halliwell, MBBS ,  David Townshend, MBBS ,  Simon S. Skene, PhD ,  and Caroline J. Doré, BSc
doi : 10.7326/M22-2058
End-stage ankle osteoarthritis causes severe pain and disability. There are no randomized trials comparing the 2 main surgical treatments: total ankle replacement (TAR) and ankle fusion (AF).
Perioperative Safety and Early Patient and Device Outcomes Among Subcutaneous Versus Transvenous Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Implantations
Jeff S. Healey, MD, MSc ,  Andrew D. Krahn, MD ,  Jamil Bashir, MD ,  Guy Amit, MD ,  François Philippon, MD ,  William F. McIntyre, MD, PhD ,  Bernice Tsang, MD ,  Jacqueline Joza, MD ,  Derek V. Exner, MD, MPH ,  David H. Birnie, MD ,  Mouhannad Sadek, MD ,  Darryl P. Leong, MD, PhD ,  Markus Sikkel, MD ,  Victoria Korley, MD ,  John L. Sapp, MD ,  Jean-Francois Roux, MD ,  Shun Fu Lee, PhD ,  Gloria Wong, MSc ,  Angie Djuric ,  Danna Spears, MD ,  Sandra Carroll, PhD ,  Eugene Crystal, MD ,  Tom Hruczkowski, MD, PhD ,  Stuart J. Connolly, MD ,  and Blandine Mondesert, MD
doi : 10.7326/M22-1566
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) improve survival in patients at risk for cardiac arrest, but are associated with intravascular lead-related complications. The subcutaneous ICD (S-ICD), with no intravascular components, was developed to minimize lead-related complications.
Oral ENT-01 Targets Enteric Neurons to Treat Constipation in Parkinson Disease
Michael Camilleri, MD ,  Thyagarajan Subramanian, MD ,  Fernando Pagan, MD ,  Stuart Isaacson, MD ,  Ramon Gil, MD ,  Robert A. Hauser, MD, MBA ,  Mary Feldman, DO ,  Mark Goldstein, MD ,  Rajeev Kumar, MD ,  Daniel Truong, MD ,  Nisha Chhabria, MD ,  Benjamin L. Walter, MD ,  Jonathan Eskenazi, MD ,  Robert Riesenberg, MD ,  Daniel Burdick, MD ,  Winona Tse, MD ,  Eric Molho, MD ,  Bradley Robottom, MD ,  Perminder Bhatia, MD ,  Srinath Kadimi, MD ,  Kevin Klos, MD ,  David Shprecher, DO ,  Otto Marquez-Mendoza, MD ,  Gonzalo Hidalgo, MD ,  Stephen Grill, MD ,  George Li, MD ,  Howard Mandell, MD ,  Mary Hughes, MD ,  Sharisse Stephenson, MD ,  Joel Vandersluis, MD ,  Michael Pfeffer, MD ,  Andrew Duker, MD ,  Vikram Shivkumar, MD ,  William Kinney, PhD ,  James MacDougall, PhD ,  Michael Zasloff, MD, PhD ,  and Denise Barbut, MD
doi : 10.7326/M22-1438
Parkinson disease (PD) is associated with α-synuclein (αS) aggregation within enteric neurons. ENT-01 inhibits the formation of αS aggregates and improved constipation in an open-label study in patients with PD.
Participant Recruitment From Low- and Middle-Income Countries for Pivotal Trials of Drugs Approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Fareed A. Awan, PhD , Andrew B. Becker, PhD , Yuetong Wang, BSc , and Jonathan Kimmelman, PhD
doi : 10.7326/M22-1857
Many participants in clinical trials supporting U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) drug approvals are recruited from outside the United States, including from low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Where participants are recruited for pivotal trials has implications for ethical research conduct and generalizability.
Comparison of Rapid Antigen Tests' Performance Between Delta and Omicron Variants of SARS-CoV-2
Apurv Soni, MD, PhD ,  Carly Herbert, BA ,  Andreas Filippaios, MD ,  John Broach, MD, MPH, MBA ,  Andres Colubri, PhD ,  Nisha Fahey, DO, ScM ,  Kelsey Woods, BA ,  Janvi Nanavati, BS ,  Colton Wright, MS ,  Taylor Orwig, BS ,  Karen Gilliam, MA ,  Vik Kheterpal, MD ,  Thejas Suvarna, BBA, BS ,  Chris Nowak, BA ,  Summer Schrader, BA ,  Honghuang Lin, PhD ,  Laurel O’Connor, MD ,  Caitlin Pretz, MS ,  Didem Ayturk, MS ,  Elizabeth Orvek, MS ,  Julie Flahive, MS ,  Peter Lazar, BS ,  Qiming Shi, MS ,  Chad Achenbach, MD, MPH ,  Robert Murphy, MD ,  Matthew Robinson, MD ,  Laura Gibson, MD ,  Pamela Stamegna, MD ,  Nathaniel Hafer, PhD ,  Katherine Luzuriaga, MD ,  Bruce Barton, PhD ,  William Heetderks, MD, PhD ,  Yukari C. Manabe, MD ,  and David McManus, MD, ScM
doi : 10.7326/M22-0760
It is important to document the performance of rapid antigen tests (Ag-RDTs) in detecting SARS-CoV-2 variants.
Effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Boosters Against Infection, Hospitalization, and Death: A Target Trial Emulation in the Omicron (B.1.1.529) Variant Era
George N. Ioannou, BMBCh, MS ,  Amy S.B. Bohnert, PhD ,  Ann M. O’Hare, MD ,  Edward J. Boyko, MD, MPH ,  Matthew L. Maciejewski, PhD ,  Valerie A. Smith, DrPH ,  C. Barrett Bowling, MD, MSPH ,  Elizabeth Viglianti, MD ,  Theodore J. Iwashyna, MD, PhD ,  Denise M. Hynes, MPH, PhD, RN ,  and Kristin Berry, PhD , for the
doi : 10.7326/M22-1856
The effectiveness of a third mRNA COVID-19 vaccine dose (booster dose) against the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant is uncertain, especially in older, high-risk populations.
Monoclonal Antibodies for Treatment of SARS-CoV-2 Infection During Pregnancy
Erin K. McCreary, PharmD ,  Lara Lemon, PhD, PharmD ,  Christina Megli, MD, PhD ,  Amber Oakes, PharmD ,  and Christopher W. Seymour, MD, MSc ,
doi : 10.7326/M22-1329
Monoclonal antibody (mAb) treatment decreases hospitalization and death in high-risk outpatients with mild to moderate COVID-19. However, no studies have evaluated adverse events and effectiveness of mAbs in pregnant persons compared with no mAb treatment.
Temporal Improvements in COVID-19 Outcomes for Hospitalized Adults: A Post Hoc Observational Study of Remdesivir Group Participants in the Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial
Gail E. Potter, PhD , Tyler Bonnett, MS , Kevin Rubenstein, MS , David A. Lindholm, MD , Rekha R. Rapaka, MD, PhD , Sarah B. Doernberg, MD, MAS , David C. Lye, MBBS , Richard A. Mularski, MD, MSHS, MCR , Noreen A. Hynes, MD, MPH , Susan Kline, MD, MPH , Catharine I. Paules, MD , Cameron R. Wolfe, MBBS, MPH , Maria G. Frank, MD , Nadine G. Rouphael, MD, MSc , Gregory A. Deye, MD , Daniel A. Sweeney, MD , Rhonda E. Colombo, MD, MHS , Richard T. Davey Jr., MD , Aneesh K. Mehta, MD , Jennifer A. Whitaker, MD, MS , Jose G. Castro, MD , Alpesh N. Amin, MD, MBA , Christopher J. Colombo, MD, MA , Corri B. Levine, PhD, MS, MPH , Mamta K. Jain, MD, MPH , Ryan C. Maves, MD , Vincent C. Marconi, MD , Robert Grossberg, MD , Sameh Hozayen, MD, MSc , Timothy H. Burgess, MD, MPH , Robert L. Atmar, MD , Anuradha Ganesan, MBBS, MPH , Carlos A. Gomez, MD , Constance A. Benson, MD , Diego Lopez de Castilla, MD, MPH , Neera Ahuja, MD , Sarah L. George, MD , Seema U. Nayak, MD , Stuart H. Cohen, MD , Tahaniyat Lalani, MBBS, MHS , William R. Short, MD, MPH , Nathaniel Erdmann, MD, PhD , Kay M. Tomashek, MD, MPH, DTM* , and Pablo Tebas, MD
doi : 10.7326/M22-2116
The COVID-19 standard of care (SOC) evolved rapidly during 2020 and 2021, but its cumulative effect over time is unclear.
Characteristics of High-Need, High-Cost Patients
Nancy D. Berkman, PhD, MLIR ,  Eva Chang, PhD, MPH ,  Julie Seibert, PhD ,  and Rania Ali, MPH
doi : 10.7326/M21-4562
Accurately identifying high-need, high-cost (HNHC) patients to reduce their preventable or modifiable health care use for their chronic conditions is a priority and a challenge for U.S. policymakers, health care delivery systems, and payers.
How Would You Manage This Patient With Chronic Insomnia?
Howard Libman, MD , Eric S. Zhou, PhD , Eric Heckman, MD , and Gerald W. Smetana, MD
doi : 10.7326/M22-2817
Insomnia, which is characterized by persistent sleep difficulties in association with daytime dysfunction, is a common concern in clinical practice. Chronic insomnia disorder is defined as symptoms that occur at least 3 times per week and persist for at least 3 months.
Health Care During Incarceration: A Policy Position Paper From the American College of Physicians
Newton E. Kendig, MD , Renee Butkus, BA , Suja Mathew, MD , and David Hilden, MD, MPH
doi : 10.7326/M22-2370
The American College of Physicians (ACP) has a long-standing commitment to improving the health of all Americans and opposes any form of discrimination in the delivery of health care services. ACP is committed to working toward fully understanding and supporting the unique needs of the incarcerated population and eliminating health disparities for these persons. In this position paper, ACP offers recommendations to policymakers and administrators to improve the health and well-being of persons incarcerated in adult correctional facilities.
Monkeypox: Challenging Clinical Questions
Christine Laine, MD, MPH , Darilyn V. Moyer, MD , Deborah Cotton, MD, MPH, MA
doi : 10.7326/M22-3040
When States Step Up: California and the Case for State-Led Insulin Manufacturing
Mariana P. Socal, MD, PhD , Vishaal Pegany, MPP, MPH , and Mark Ghaly, MD, MPH
doi : 10.7326/M22-2339
Endemic Mycoses: Underdiagnosed and Underreported
George R. Thompson III, MD Â and Tom M. Chiller, MD, MPHTM
doi : 10.7326/M22-2371
Retiring the “Against Medical Advice� Discharge
Robert A. Kleinman, MD ,  Thomas D. Brothers, MD ,  and Nathaniel P. Morris, MD
doi : 10.7326/M22-2964
Comparative Effectiveness of Mask Type in Preventing SARS-CoV-2 in Health Care Workers: Uncertainty Persists
Roger Chou, MD
doi : 10.7326/M22-3219
Ankle Osteoarthritis: Successful Completion of a Challenging Clinical Trial Comparing Surgical Treatments
Bruce Sangeorzan, MD , Daniel Norvell, PhD , Jane Shofer, MS
doi : 10.7326/M22-3229
Identifying High-Need, High-Cost Patients: A Real-World Perspective
Lucy A. Savitz, PhD, MBA , Kelly Rice Williams, PhD, MPH , Dan Swayze, DrPH, MBA, MEMS
doi : 10.7326/M22-3161
Incidence of Myocarditis/Pericarditis Following mRNA COVID-19 Vaccination Among Children and Younger Adults in the United States
Kristin Goddard, MPH , Kayla E. Hanson, MPH , Ned Lewis, MPH , Eric Weintraub, MPH , Bruce Fireman , Nicola P. Klein, MD, PhD
doi : 10.7326/M22-2274
Safety and Immunogenicity of Intradermal Fractional Dose Administration of the mRNA-1273 Vaccine: A Proof-of-Concept Study
Geert V.T. Roozen, MD , Margaretha L.M. Prins, MD , Rob van Binnendijk, PhD , Gerco den Hartog, PhD , Vincent P. Kuiper, MD , Corine Prins, BSc , Jacqueline J. Janse, MSc , Annelieke C. Kruithof, PhD , Mariet C.W. Feltkamp, MD, PhD , Marjan Kuijer , Frits R. Rosendaal, MD, PhD , Meta Roestenberg, MD, PhD , Leo G. Visser, MD, PhD , Anna H.E. Roukens, MD, PhD
doi : 10.7326/M22-2089
A Longitudinal Study of COVID-19 Sequelae and Immunity
Laura C. Chambers, PhD, MPH  and Francesca L. Beaudoin, MD, PhD, MS
doi : 10.7326/L22-0330
A Longitudinal Study of COVID-19 Sequelae and Immunity
Michael C. Sneller, MD , Adriana R. Marques, MD , C. Jason Liang, PhD , Joyce Y. Chung, MD
doi : 10.7326/L22-0331
Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Initiating First-Line Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes With Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Metformin
Mei Qiu, MS
doi : 10.7326/L22-0332
Cardiovascular Outcomes in Patients Initiating First-Line Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes With Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors Versus Metformin
HoJin Shin, BPharm, PhD , Sebastian Schneeweiss, MD, ScD , Robert J. Glynn, ScD, PhD , Elisabetta Patorno, MD, DrPH
doi : 10.7326/L22-0333
Prevention and Initial Management of HIV Infection
Yongbao Wei, PhD , Ruochen Zhang, PhD , Tao Li, PhD , Liefu Ye, PhD , Le Lin, MD
doi : 10.7326/L22-0394
Prevention and Initial Management of HIV Infection
Judith Feinberg, MD , Susana Keeshin, MD
doi : 10.7326/L22-0395
Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance
Wilson I. Gonsalves, MD , S. Vincent Rajkumar, MD
doi : 10.7326/AITC202212200
Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is of considerable clinical importance to primary care physicians given its high prevalence in the general population. MGUS has a variable but lifelong risk for progression to hematologic cancer, such as multiple myeloma, Waldenström macroglobulinemia, or light-chain amyloidosis.
In generally healthy adults, supplemental vitamin D3 did not reduce fractures vs. placebo at 5 y
Kristine E. Ensrud, MD, MPH
doi : 10.7326/J22-0099
Randomized placebo-controlled trial (VITAL [VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL]-Fracture).
In ischemic left ventricular systolic dysfunction, adding PCI to medical therapy did not reduce death or HF hospitalization
Dominic L. Raco, MD
doi : 10.7326/J22-0100
Randomized controlled trial (REVIVED-BCIS2 [Revascularization for Ischemic Ventricular Dysfunction]).
In acute decompensated HF, adding acetazolamide to IV loop diuretics reduced congestion at 3 d
Chirag Bavishi, MD, MPH
doi : 10.7326/J22-0095
Randomized placebo-controlled trial (ADVOR [Acetazolamide in Decompensated Heart Failure with Volume Overload] trial).
In CV disease, clopidogrel reduces nonfatal MI and MACE vs. aspirin but not stroke or mortality
Akshay Goel, MD , Aaqib H. Malik, MD, MPH
doi : 10.7326/J22-0094
Searched multiple databases to Apr 2021 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared clopidogrel monotherapy with aspirin monotherapy in patients with established CV disease.
BP-lowering drugs reduced major CV events by similar amounts in patients with and without type 2 diabetes
Jayson C. Carr, MD
doi : 10.7326/J22-0093
One-stage individual-participant meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) included in the Blood Pressure Lowering Treatment Trialists' Collaboration (BPLTTC) data set that compared BP-lowering drugs with placebo or another class of BP-lowering drugs, or more- with less-intensive BP-lowering strategies; had ≥1000 person-years of follow-up/group; and reported type 2 diabetes status of patients at baseline. Key exclusions: trials exclusively in patients with heart failure or using short-term therapy in acute settings.
In the general population, salt substitutes vs. regular salt reduce BP levels, CV outcomes, and mortality
James Brophy, MD, PhD
doi : 10.7326/J22-0091
Multiple databases searched to Aug 2021 for parallel-group, stepped-wedged, or cluster randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing salt substitutes (≥5% of sodium chloride replaced with potassium chloride) with regular salt in the general population.
In older men, an invitation for comprehensive CV screening did not reduce death at 5.6 y
Konstantin A. Krychtiuk, MD, PhD , Christopher B. Granger, MD
doi : 10.7326/J22-0098
Population-based, randomized, controlled trial (DANCAVAS [Danish Cardiovascular Screening] trial).
In THA or TKA, risk for symptomatic VTE was higher with aspirin vs. enoxaparin at 90 d
David Garcia, MD
doi : 10.7326/J22-0096
Cluster (hospitals), crossover, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial (CRISTAL). Recruitment was stopped early due to increased risk for harm with aspirin vs. enoxaparin.
In monkeypox, risk for some symptoms was greater in MSM with vs. without receptive anal contact
Muhddesa Lakhana, DO , Moshe Fenster, MD , Aaron E. Glatt, MD
doi : 10.7326/J22-0092
Inception cohort followed for 14 days.
In adults, risk for infective endocarditis varied for invasive dental procedures and by antibiotic prophylaxis
Henry S. Sacks, PhD, MD
doi : 10.7326/J22-0097
Cohort study using linked medical, dental, and prescription data from MarketScan databases, with 1- and 4-month follow-up after dental procedures.
Annals Graphic Medicine - The COVID-19 Pandemic: A Graphic Narrative
Mónica Lalanda, MD
doi : 10.7326/G22-0019
Annals Graphic Medicine - Please Welcome the Class of 2024 to the Wards
Rachel Weber, BS
doi : 10.7326/G22-0023
Annals for Hospitalists Inpatient Notes - The Future of Hospital-at-Home Care
Soumya Rangarajan, MD, MPP Â and Grace Jenq, MD
doi : 10.7326/M22-3159
Summary for Patients: Total Ankle Replacement Versus Arthrodesis for End-Stage Ankle Osteoarthritis
doi : 10.7326/P22-0019
Summary for Patients: Medical Masks Versus N95 Respirators for Preventing COVID-19 Among Health Care Workers
doi : 10.7326/P22-0021
