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In the Literature
Stan Deresinski
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad042
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages i–ii
Understanding and Improving Vaccine Effectiveness Estimates in the Age of Widespread Background Immunity: A Step Toward Improved Science Communication
Edward Nirenberg, Eli N Perencevich
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad124
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1535–1538
Medical decision making and scientific communication around coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and booster doses requires proper understanding of how vaccine effectiveness estimates are determined and the potential biases inherent in current estimates
Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants on Inpatient Clinical Outcome
Matthew L Robinson, C Paul Morris, Joshua F Betz, Yifan Zhang, Robert Bollinger, Natalie Wang, David R Thiemann, Amary Fall, Raghda E Eldesouki, Julie M Norton, David C Gaston, Michael Forman, Chun Huai Luo, Scott L Zeger, Amita Gupta, Brian T Garibaldi, Heba H Mostafa
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac957
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1539–1549
Prior observation has shown differences in COVID-19 hospitalization risk between SARS-CoV-2 variants, but limited information describes hospitalization outcomes.
Reporting of Antimicrobial Resistance from Blood Cultures, an Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group Survey Summary: Resistance Marker Reporting Practices from Positive Blood Cultures
Patricia J Simner, Jennifer Dien Bard, Christopher Doern, J Kristie Johnson, Lars Westblade, Gayane Yenokyan, Robin Patel, Kimberly E Hanson, for the Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac952
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1550–1558
We assessed how laboratories use and handle reporting of results of rapid diagnostics performed on positive blood culture broths, with a focus on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) markers.
Three-Month Symptom Profiles Among Symptomatic Adults With Positive and Negative Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Tests: A Prospective Cohort Study From the INSPIRE Group
Erica S Spatz, Michael Gottlieb, Lauren E Wisk, Jill Anderson, Anna Marie Chang, Nicole L Gentile, Mandy J Hill, Ryan M Huebinger, Ahamed H Idris, Jeremiah Kinsman, Katherine Koo, Shu-Xia Li, Samuel McDonald, Ian D Plumb, Robert M Rodriguez, Sharon Saydah, Benjamin Slovis, Kari A Stephens, Elizabeth R Unger, Ralph C Wang, Huihui Yu, Bala Hota, Joann G Elmore, Robert A Weinstein, Arjun Venkatesh
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac966
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1559–1566
Long-term symptoms following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection are a major concern, yet their prevalence is poorly understood.
Prevalence of Post-Coronavirus Disease Condition 12 Weeks After Omicron Infection Compared With Negative Controls and Association With Vaccination Status
Mayssam Nehme, Pauline Vetter, François Chappuis, Laurent Kaiser, Idris Guessous, for the CoviCare Study Team
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac947
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1567–1575
Post-coronovirus disease (COVID) symptoms can persist several months after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Little is known, however, about the prevalence of post-COVID condition following infections from Omicron variants and how this varies according to vaccination status.
Tuberculosis and the Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Han Rim Lee, Jung Eun Yoo, Hayoung Choi, Kyungdo Han, Young-Hyo Lim, Hyun Lee, Dong Wook Shin
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac946
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1576–1584
Little is known about the risk of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in tuberculosis (TB) survivors.
The Impact of Sequestration on Artemisinin-Induced Parasite Clearance in Plasmodium falciparum Malaria in Africa
Naoyuki Fukuda, Betty Balikagala, Tsuyoshi Ueno, Denis A Anywar, Eisaku Kimura, Nirianne Marie Q Palacpac, Emmanuel I Odongo-Aginya, Martin Ogwang, Toshihiro Horii, Takashi Miida, Toshihiro Mita
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac944
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1585–1593
Artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum is spreading in Southeast Asia and Africa. In vivo susceptibility to artemisinin is studied by looking at the rate of decline of peripheral parasitemia (parasite clearance half-life).
Yield of Facility-based Targeted Universal Testing for Tuberculosis With Xpert and Mycobacterial Culture in High-Risk Groups Attending Primary Care Facilities in South Africa
Rebecca H Berhanu, Limakatso Lebina, Bareng A S Nonyane, Minja Milovanovic, Anthony Kinghorn, Lucy Connell, Sipho Nyathi, Katherine Young, Harry Hausler, Pren Naidoo, Zameer Brey, Kate Shearer, Leisha Genade, Neil A Martinson
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac965
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1594–1603
We report the yield of targeted universal tuberculosis (TB) testing of clinic attendees in high-risk groups.
Defining the Optimal Duration of Therapy for Hospitalized Patients With Complicated Urinary Tract Infections and Associated Bacteremia
John McAteer, Jae Hyoung Lee, Sara E Cosgrove, Kathryn Dzintars, Suiyini Fiawoo, Emily L Heil, Ronald E Kendall, Ted Louie, Anurag N Malani, Priya Nori, Kelly M Percival, Pranita D Tamma
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad009
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1604–1612
Limited data are available to guide effective antibiotic durations for hospitalized patients with complicated urinary tract infections (cUTIs).
Taking on the Fundamental Questions in Infectious Diseases Two-at-a-Time
Jason C Gallagher
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad013
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1613–1614
Relationships Between Social Vulnerability and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination Coverage and Vaccine Effectiveness
Alexandra F Dalton, Zachary A Weber, Katie S Allen, Edward Stenehjem, Stephanie A Irving, Talia L Spark, Katherine Adams, Ousseny Zerbo, Victoria Lazariu, Brian E Dixon, Kristin Dascomb, Emily Hartmann, Anupam B Kharbanda, Toan C Ong, Malini B DeSilva, Maura Beaton, Manjusha Gaglani, Palak Patel, Allison L Naleway, Magdalene N S Kish, Shaun J Grannis, Nancy Grisel, Chantel Sloan-Aagard, Suchitra Rao, Chandni Raiyani, Monica Dickerson, Elizabeth Bassett, William F Fadel, Julie Arndorfer, Juan Nanez, Michelle A Barron, Gabriela Vazquez-Benitez, I Chia Liao, Eric P Griggs, Sarah E Reese, Nimish R Valvi, Kempapura Murthy, Elizabeth A K Rowley, Peter J Embi, Sarah Ball, Ruth Link-Gelles, Mark W Tenforde
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad003
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1615–1625
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination coverage remains lower in communities with higher social vulnerability. Factors such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) exposure risk and access to healthcare are often correlated with social vulnerability and may therefore contribute to a relationship between vulnerability and observed vaccine effectiveness (VE). Understanding whether these factors impact VE could contribute to our understanding of real-world VE.
The Last Mile Problem—Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Coverage Among the Most Socially Vulnerable
Boghuma K Titanji
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad006
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1626–1627
Transmitted Drug Resistance to Integrase-Based First-Line Human Immunodeficiency Virus Antiretroviral Regimens in Mediterranean Europe
Adolfo de Salazar, Laura Viñuela, Ana Fuentes, Elisa Teyssou, Charlotte Charpentier, Sidonie Lambert-Niclot, Esther Serrano-Conde, Marta Pingarilho, Lavinia Fabeni, Anne De Monte, Karl Stefic, Carlo Federico Perno, Antonio Aguilera, Iker Falces, Rafael Delgado, Sandra Fernandes, Isabel Diogo, Perpetua Gomes, Dimitrios Paraskevis, Maria-Mercedes Santoro, Francesca Ceccherini-Silberstein, Anne-Geneviève Marcelin, Federico Garcia
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac972
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1628–1635
We evaluated the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) and nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and of clinically relevant resistance (CRR) in newly diagnosed people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV; PWH) naive to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Europe.
The Epidemiology of Long Coronavirus Disease in US Adults
McKaylee M Robertson, Saba A Qasmieh, Sarah G Kulkarni, Chloe A Teasdale, Heidi E Jones, Margaret McNairy, Luisa N Borrell, Denis Nash
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac961
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1636–1645
We estimated the prevalence of long COVID and impact on daily living among a representative sample of adults in the United States.
Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Dosed Every 2 Months in Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Type 1 Infection: 152-Week Results From ATLAS-2M, a Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 3b, Noninferiority Study
Edgar T Overton, Gary Richmond, Giuliano Rizzardini, Anders Thalme, Pierre-Marie Girard, Alexander Wong, Norma Porteiro, Susan Swindells, Jacques Reynes, Sebastian Noe, Conn Harrington, Carlos MartÃn Español, Carolina Acuipil, Asma Aksar, Yuanyuan Wang, Susan L Ford, Herta Crauwels, Veerle van Eygen, Rodica Van Solingen-Ristea, Christine L Latham, Shanker Thiagarajah, Ronald D’Amico, Kimberly Y Smith, Kati Vandermeulen, William R Spreen
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad020
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1646–1654
Cabotegravir (CAB) + rilpivirine (RPV) dosed intramuscularly monthly or every 2 months is a complete, long-acting (LA) regimen for the maintenance of HIV-1 virologic suppression. Here, we report the antiretroviral therapy as long acting suppression (ATLAS)-2M study week 152 results.
Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine: Innovation, New Challenges, and Opportunities
Josep M Llibre, Daniel A R Kuritzkes
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad024
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1655–1657
Effectiveness and Pharmacokinetic Exposures of First-Line Drugs Used to Treat Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Belén P Solans, Agathe Béranger, Kendra Radtke, Ali Mohamed, Fuad Mirzayev, Medea Gegia, Nguyen Nhat Linh, Samuel G Schumacher, Payam Nahid, Radojka M Savic
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac973
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1658–1670fc
Optimal doses of first-line drugs for treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis in children and young adolescents remain uncertain. We aimed to determine whether children treated using World Health Organization–recommended or higher doses of first-line drugs achieve successful outcomes and sufficient pharmacokinetic (PK) exposures.
The use of Vaccinia Immune Globulin in the Treatment of Severe Mpox. Virus Infection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus/AIDS
Andrea K Thet, Paul J Kelly, Sabirah N Kasule, Anish K Shah, Arpan Chawala, Amber Latif, Sridhar S Chilimuri, Cosmina B Zeana
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac971
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1671–1673
We report a case of progressive, severe mpox virus (MPXV) infection in a patient with AIDS despite a standard course of tecovirimat. He significantly improved after administration of vaccinia immune globulin intravenous (VIGIV) highlighting its use as an adjunct for severe disease in immunocompromised hosts.
Testing for Mycoplasma genitalium and Using Doxycycline as First-Line Therapy at Initial Presentations for Non-Gonococcal Urethritis (NGU) Correlate With Reductions in Persistent NGU
Kelly A Johnson, Madeline Sankaran, Robert P Kohn, Oliver Bacon, Stephanie E Cohen
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac977
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1674–1677
We found that the odds of return clinic visits for persistent non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) were significantly lower (odds ratio: .4; 95% confidence interval: .3–.6; P < .0001) after implementing (1) testing for Mycoplasma genitalium during initial evaluations for NGU and (2) switching from azithromycin to doxycycline as first-line NGU treatment.
Accelerating Human Immunodeficiency Virus Self-Testing in the United States: A Call to Action
Stephany Ma, Robin J MacGowan, Jonathan H Mermin, S Michele Owen, Yukari C Manabe
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad025
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1678–1680
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) self-testing has emerged as a tool to increase the proportion of people to know their status. Since the first HIV self-test was approved in 2012 by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), global access to HIV self-tests has been bolstered by public-private partnerships to ensure equitable access in low- and middle-income countries. However, no company has applied for FDA clearance in a decade.
Could Home Human Immunodeficiency Virus Self-Testing Ever Become a Game Changer?
Brian R Wood, Joanne D Stekler
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad026
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1681–1684
Could home human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) self-testing make a major difference in identifying persons with undiagnosed HIV in the United States? We argue that approval of new self-test assays for home use would help but must be combined with extensive investment in community outreach and linkage to care to make an impact.
A Woman With a Complex Cystic Pelvic Mass
Maxime J Billick, Marta Cybulsky, Stephane Laframboise, Luis Guimaraes, Wayne L Gold
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac558
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1685–1687
CD4/CD8 Ratio During Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment: Time for Routine Monitoring?
Raquel Ron, Elena Moreno, Javier MartÃnez-Sanz, Fátima Brañas, TalÃa Sainz, Santiago Moreno, Sergio Serrano-Villar
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad136
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1688–1696
In the last decade, studies in persons with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) have shed light on the significance of persistently high CD8 counts and low CD4/CD8 ratios. A low CD4/CD8 ratio reflects increased immune activation and is associated with an increased risk of severe non-AIDS events.
Natural Antibodies and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2–Specific Antibodies in Healthy Asymptomatic Individuals
Edward J Steele, Reginald M Gorczynski, Robyn A Lindley, N Chandra Wickramasinghe
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad004
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Page 1697
Reply to Steele et al
Keri N Althoff, Kelly A Gebo, Sheri D Schully
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad005
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1698–1699
Same-Day Treatment Following Point-of-Care Sexually Transmitted Infection Testing in Different Healthcare Settings in South Africa
Mandisa M Mdingi, Remco P H Peters, Ranjana Gigi, Chibuzor Babalola, Christopher M Taylor, Christina A Muzny, Nicola Low, Andrew Medina-Marino, Jeffrey D Klausner
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac974
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1699–1700
An Unsolved Problem of Adherence to Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy
Hiroshi Ito
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad018
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Page 1700
Reply to Ito
John A Staples, Dwight Ferris, Jason M Sutherland
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad019
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1700–1701
Research on the Development of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Variants of Concern in People With Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Disease Should Highlight Structural Conditions and Avoid Harmful Stereotypes
Stephen Molldrem
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad048
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1701–1702
Reply to Molldrem
Tongai G Maponga, Montenique Jeffries, Houriiyah Tegally, Andrew Sutherland, Eduan Wilkinson, Richard J Lessells, Nokukhanya Msomi, Gert van Zyl, Tulio de Oliveira, Wolfgang Preiser
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad049
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Pages 1702–1703
Correction to: Prevalence of Ocular Complications in Candidemia: Defining the “Battlefield�
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad130
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 9, 1 May 2023, Page 1704
