Diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension in patients on dialysis

PH: pulmonary hypertension; ECG: electrocardiogram; ESKD-PH: end-stage kidney disease-related pulmonary hypertension; AV: arteriovenous.

* In the absence of a cardiac rhythm device with transvenous leads.

¶ Echocardiographic evaluation includes determining the probability of PH using the tricuspid regurgitant jet velocity (TRV), which can also be used to estimate the pulmonary artery (PA) systolic pressure (ePASP); assess RV size, wall thickness, and function; and assess the potential contribution of left-sided heart disease to PH.