BP: blood pressure; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; ICP: intracranial pressure.
* Rarely, visual refractive errors (anisometropia, myopia, and hyperopia) can cause chronic fronto-orbital headaches that progress throughout the day in children. Optical correction results in resolution in most causes. However, visual refractive errors remain a diagnosis of exclusion for chronic headaches in children; more urgent evaluation of signs or symptoms suggesting increased ICP should not be delayed while waiting for an ophthalmologic consultation.