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Health services use by children identified as heterozygous hemoglobinopathy mutation carriers via newborn screening
Sara D. Khangura, Beth K. Potter, Christine Davies, Robin Ducharme, A. Brianne Bota, Steven Hawken, Kumanan Wilson, Maria D. Karaceper, Robert J. Klaassen, Julian Little, Ewurabena Simpson & Pranesh Chakraborty
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02751-8
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 296 (2021)
Newborn screening (NBS) for sickle cell disease incidentally identifies heterozygous carriers of hemoglobinopathy mutations. In Ontario, Canada, these carrier results are not routinely disclosed, presenting an opportunity to investigate the potential health implications of carrier status. We aimed to compare rates of health services use among children identified as carriers of hemoglobinopathy mutations and those who received negative NBS results.
Two novel mutations in TCIRG1 induced infantile malignant osteopetrosis: a case report
Ping Wu, Zhe Cai, Wen-Hui Jiang, Gen Lu, Pei-Qiong Wu, Zhi-Wei Xie, Jun-Zheng Peng, Chen Chen, Jun-Ye Qi, Li-Zhen Xu, Kun-Ling Shen, Hua-Song Zeng & Gen-Quan Yin
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02774-1
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 297 (2021)
Infantile malignant osteopetrosis (IMO) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by a higher bone density in bone marrow caused by the dysfunction of bone resorption. Clinically, IMO can be diagnosed with medical examination, bone mineral density test and whole genome sequencing.
Factors affecting the growth of children till the age of three years with overweight whose mothers have diabetes mellitus: A population-based cohort study
Yuan-Der Huang, Yun-Ru Luo, Meng-Chih Lee & Chih-Jung Yeh
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02768-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 298 (2021)
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) during pregnancy and childhood obesity is increasing worldwide. Factors affecting the growth of children with overweight whose mothers had DM are complicated and inconclusive. Few longitudinal studies have focused on the growth of infants with macrosomia born to mothers with DM and the factors influencing their overweight. This study explored risk factors for childhood overweight/obesity (OWOB) among children of mothers with DM. Perinatal, maternal socio-demographic, infant care, and maternal body weight characteristics as well as child growth until age 3?years were analyzed using a longitudinal design.
Vitamin A deficiency and sleep disturbances related to autism symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder: a cross-sectional study
Jing Wen, Ting Yang, Jiang Zhu, Min Guo, Xi Lai, Ting Tang, Li Chen, Jie Chen, Ming Xue & Tingyu Li
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02775-0
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 299 (2021)
Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) and sleep disturbances have been reported in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The influence of vitamin A (VA) levels on sleep regulation and sleep disturbances in ASD has garnered concern. The present study aimed to characterize the association of VA levels with sleep disturbances in children with ASD.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia in extremely premature infant with congenital lobar emphysema: a case report
Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a congenital pulmonary cystic disease, characterized by overinflation of the pulmonary lobe and compression of the surrounding areas. Most patients with symptoms need an urgent surgical intervention. Caution and alertness for CLE is required in cases of local emphysema on chest X-ray images of extremely premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02772-3
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 300 (2021)
Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is a congenital pulmonary cystic disease, characterized by overinflation of the pulmonary lobe and compression of the surrounding areas. Most patients with symptoms need an urgent surgical intervention. Caution and alertness for CLE is required in cases of local emphysema on chest X-ray images of extremely premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).
Non-invasive duo positive airway pressure ventilation versus nasal continuous positive airway pressure in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome: a randomized controlled trial
Arash Malakian, Mohammad Reza Aramesh, Mina Agahin & Masoud Dehdashtian
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02741-w
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 301 (2021)
The most common cause of respiratory failure in premature infants is respiratory distress syndrome. Historically, respiratory distress syndrome has been treated by intratracheal surfactant injection followed by mechanical ventilation. In view of the risk of pulmonary injury associated with mechanical ventilation and subsequent chronic pulmonary lung disease, less invasive treatment modalities have been suggested to reduce pulmonary complications.
Determination of neonatal case-specific fatality rates in a tertiary health institution in North Central Nigeria
L. I. Audu, A. T. Otuneye, A. B. Mairami, M. Mukhtar-Yola & L. J. Mshelia
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02778-x
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 302 (2021)
The current neonatal mortality rate in Nigeria (37/1000) is among the highest in the world and the major causes have consistently been reported as sepsis, perinatal asphyxia and prematurity. However, case-specific fatality which defines the risk of dying from these and other neonatal morbidities is rarely emphasized. Determination of case-specific fatality rates (CSFR) may inform a change in our current approach to neonatal care interventions which may eventually bring about the much-needed reduction in our neonatal mortality rate. Our aim was to determine the case-specific fatality rates for the common causes of mortality among hospitalized neonates at the National Hospital Abuja (NHA).
Optimizing parenteral nutrition to achieve an adequate weight gain according to the current guidelines in preterm infants with birth weight less than 1500?g: a prospective observational study
Nan Wang, Lianlian Cui, Zhen Liu, Yan Wang, Yuhua Zhang, Changsong Shi & Yanbo Cheng
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02782-1
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 303 (2021)
European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism released the guidelines on pediatric parenteral nutrition in 2018. We aimed to compare the parenteral nutrition (PN) regimen with the current guidelines, evaluate weight gain and explore the correlation of parenteral macronutrient and energy intakes with weight gain outcome in preterm infants with birth weight less than 1500?g.
Predictors of mortality among newborns admitted with perinatal asphyxia at public hospitals in Ethiopia: a prospective cohort study
Samuel Dessu, Zinabu Dawit, Abebe Timerga & Muluken Bafa
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02779-w
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 304 (2021)
Perinatal asphyxia is a complicated newborn health problem and applies a high contribution to the increased proportion of newborn mortality. It occurs in newborns due to altered breathing or inadequate inhalation and exhalation resulting in reduced oxygen perfusion to certain body tissues and organs. Irrespective of the increased progress in health care towards newborns and implementations in reductions in under-five, infant, and neonatal mortality in the past 10 years, perinatal asphyxia remained as the most common severe newborn health challenge that causes a high number of morbidity and mortality.
Determinants of neonatal mortality among newborns admitted in neonatal intensive care unit at Dilla University Referral Hospital in Gedeo Zone, Southern, Ethiopia: unmatched case control study
Atnafu Adem, Azmach Dache & Aregahegn Dona
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02780-3
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 307 (2021)
Around two and half million neonatal mortality occurred in 2017, especially in developing countries. This study was conducted to determine the determinants of neonatal mortality among newborns admitted in the neonatal intensive care unit at Dilla University Referral Hospital in Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia.
Effects of a novel mobile health intervention compared to a multi-component behaviour changing program on body mass index, physical capacities and stress parameters in adolescents with obesity: a randomized controlled trial
A. Stasinaki, D. Büchter, C.-H. I. Shih, K. Heldt, S. Güsewell, B. Brogle, N. Farpour-Lambert, T. Kowatsch & D. l’Allemand
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02781-2
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 308 (2021)
Less than 2% of overweight children and adolescents in Switzerland can participate in multi-component behaviour changing interventions (BCI), due to costs and lack of time. Stress often hinders positive health outcomes in youth with obesity. Digital health interventions, with fewer on-site visits, promise health care access in remote regions; however, evidence for their effectiveness is scarce.
Speech in a consecutive series of children born with cleft lip and palate with and without syndromes and/or additional malformations
Kristina Klint?, Maria Sporre & Magnus Becker
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02783-0
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 309 (2021)
When evaluating speech in children with cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP/L), children with known syndromes and/or additional malformations (CP/L+) are usually excluded. The aim of this study was to present speech outcome of a consecutive series of 5-year-olds born with CP/L, and to compare speech results of children with CP/L?+?and children with CP/L without known syndromes and/or additional malformations (CP/L-).
Risk factors for and protective factors against breastfeeding interruption before 2?years: a birth cohort study
Graciete Oliveira Vieira, Tatiana de Oliveira Vieira, Camilla da Cruz Martins, Michelle de Santana Xavier Ramos & Elsa Regina Justo Giugliani
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02777-y
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 310 (2021)
Little is known about the factors associated with the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation of breastfeeding for at least 2?years. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors for and protective factors against breastfeeding interruption before 2?years of age.
End-organ saturations correlate with aortic blood flow estimates by echocardiography in the extremely premature newborn – an observational cohort study
Gabriel Altit, Shazia Bhombal & Valerie Y. Chock
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02790-1
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 312 (2021)
Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measures of cerebral saturation (Csat) and renal saturation (Rsat) in extreme premature newborns may be affected by systemic blood flow fluctuations. Despite increasing clinical use of NIRS to monitor tissue saturation in the premature infant, validation of NIRS measures as a correlate of blood flow is still needed. We compared echocardiography (ECHO) derived markers of ascending aorta (AscAo) and descending aorta (DesAo) blood flow with NIRS measurements obtained during the ECHO.
Parents’ and carers’ impression of “quality” within a Paediatric Emergency Department
Brendan Lacey, Adam West & Simon Craig
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02752-7
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 313 (2021)
Quality improvement systems are needed to overcome the ‘Quality Gap’ – difference between evidence-based guidelines and the care delivered. While there are a large array of potential quality assurance measures exists in the Paediatric Emergency Department, parent’s/carer’s perception of these is unknown. This study aimed to identify what ‘quality of care’ means to parents/carers of Paediatric Emergency Department (PED) patients, further determine which aspects of these are most important to them. Also, to identify which of the existing PED quality measures are most important to parents/carers, and their preferred method of providing feedback.
Interaction between antibiotic use and MS4A2 gene polymorphism on childhood eczema: a prospective birth cohort study
Li Hua, Qian Chen, Quan-Hua Liu, Yi-Feng Guo, Ru-Hong Cheng, Jun Zhang, Jian-Hua Zhang, Li-Wei Wang & Ruo-Xu Ji
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02786-x
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 314 (2021)
Eczema is usually the first allergic manifestation to appear in life attributed to gene–environment interactions. IL13, IL4, MS4A2 and ILR4A are four key inflammatory genes associated with atopy. This study aimed to explore gene-environment interactions on eczema in early life among the above four genes and environmental factors in Chinese Han children.
Treatment outcomes among children younger than five years living with HIV in rural Zambia, 2008–2018: a cohort study
Jessica L. Schue, Janneke H. van Dijk, Francis Hamangaba, Mutinta Hamahuwa, Nkumbula Moyo, Philip E. Thuma, William J. Moss & Catherine G. Sutcliffe
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02793-y
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 315 (2021)
HIV testing and treatment guidelines for children in sub-Saharan Africa have evolved over time, such that children are now treated at younger ages. The objective of this study was to describe the treatment experience for immunologic, virologic, and growth outcomes among HIV-infected Zambian children younger than 5?years of age from 2008 to 2018.
Assessing the impact of an educational intervention program based on the theory of planned behavior on the nutritional behaviors of adolescents and young adults with PCOS in Iran: a field trial study
Leila Hajivandi, Mahnaz Noroozi, Firoozeh Mostafavi & Maryam Ekramzadeh
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02784-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 316 (2021)
Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrine disorder among adolescents and adults. Given the importance of healthy nutritional behaviors in management of this disease, the present study was conducted to determine the impact of an educational intervention program based on the theory of planned behavior on the nutritional behaviors of adolescents and young adults with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) protects liver damage by suppressing IFN-? expression in T cells in infants and neonatal mice
Xuangjie Guo, Yiping Xu, Wei Luo, Rongli Fang, Li Cai, Ping Wang, Yuxia Zhang, Zhe Wen & Yanhui Xu
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02794-x
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 317 (2021)
Biliary atresia (BA) is a severe cholangiopathy possibly resulting from virus-induced and immune-mediated injury of the biliary system. IFN-?, secreted from CD4+ Th1 cells and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells, is a major mediator of liver pathology. Programmed death protein-1 (PD-1) signaling suppresses T cell function. However, how PD-1 modify T cell function in BA remains incompletely understood.
Sonographic evaluation of spleen size in apparently healthy children in north-west Ethiopia, 2020: time to define splenomegaly
Binalfew Tsehay, Dessalegn Shitie, Abebe Afenigus & Mustofa Essa
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02792-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 318 (2021)
Assessment of spleen size is an important part of the clinical skills of medical students and physicians. Many diseases can affect the size of the aforementioned organ, ranging from infective processes to malignant disorders. However, to detect changes, prior knowledge of the actual normal size of these viscera is required in the population being studied. Establishing a customized chart and curve for a specific population of the same sociodemographic characteristics enables a better interpretation of sonographic assessments.
Effect of maternal education and encouragement on newborn care utilization: a health system intervention
Ali-Asghar Kolahi, Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari & Alireza Abadi
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02773-2
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 321 (2021)
The objective of this health system interventional study was to determine the effect of delivering newborn-care-oriented education and encouragement on newborn care utilization.
Neonatal mortality prediction with routinely collected data: a machine learning approach
André F. M. Batista, Carmen S. G. Diniz, Eliana A. Bonilha, Ichiro Kawachi & Alexandre D. P. Chiavegatto Filho
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02788-9
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 322 (2021)
Recent decreases in neonatal mortality have been slower than expected for most countries. This study aims to predict the risk of neonatal mortality using only data routinely available from birth records in the largest city of the Americas.
Growth and tolerance of healthy, term infants fed lower protein extensively hydrolyzed or amino acid-based formula: double-blind, randomized, controlled trial
Craig B. Adams, William H. Johnston, Harold Deulofeut, Joseph Leader, Robbie Rhodes, Michael Yeiser, Cheryl L. Harris, Jennifer L. Wampler, Rebecca J. Hill & Timothy Cooper
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02617-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 323 (2021)
Optimal protein level in hypoallergenic infant formulas is an area of ongoing investigation. The aim was to evaluate growth of healthy term infants who received extensively hydrolyzed (EH) or amino acid (AA)-based formulas with reduced protein.
Sleep disorders in a sample of Lebanese children: the role of parental mental health and child nutrition and activity
Elsa Sfeir, Chadia Haddad, Marwan Akel, Souheil Hallit & Sahar Obeid
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02795-w
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 324 (2021)
Sleep habits are an important component of a child’s health and it is affected by parent–child relationship. Also, child’s diet and nutrition appear to be an important factor affecting sleep health. Few studies have addressed the effect of parental emotional disturbance that can leave on children’s sleep. Therefore, the objective of our study was to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders in pre- and school-aged children and evaluate its relation with parental mental health and child’s nutrition and activity.
The Urinary Uric Acid / Cr ratio as a marker of morbidity and mortality of preterm infants: a case—control study
Mansour Sadeghzadeh, Parisa Khoshnevisasl, Ramezan Fallah, Asghar Marzban & Seyyedeh Maryam Mirrajei
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02798-7
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 325 (2021)
Perinatal asphyxia is one of the main causes of preterm infant mortality. Some studies have shown that The Urinary Uric Acid / Cr (UUA/Cr) ratio may be used as an additional marker for perinatal asphyxia.This study intend to investigate the relationship of this ratio with outcomes of preterm infants admitted to NICU.
Correction to: Study protocol: baby-OSCAR Trial: Outcome after Selective early treatment for Closure of patent ductus ARteriosus in preterm babies, a multicentre, masked, randomised placebo-controlled parallel group trial
Samir Gupta, Edmund Juszczak, Pollyanna Hardy, Nimish Subhedar, Jonathan Wyllie, Wilf Kelsall, Sunil Sinha, Sam Johnson, Tracy Roberts, Elisabeth Hutchison, Justine Pepperell, Louise Linsell, Jennifer L. Bell, Kayleigh Stanbury, Marketa Laube, Clare Edwards & David Field on behalf of the ‘The Baby-OSCAR Collaborative Group’
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02785-y
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 326 (2021)
Outcomes in reported penicillin allergic mothers and neonates requiring Group B streptococcal prophylaxis: a retrospective observational cohort study
Justin Kirven, David Beddow, Love Patel, Claire Smith, Katherine S. Booker, Barite Dawud & Catherine A. St. Hill
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02797-8
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 327 (2021)
Infectious morbidity and mortality in the first week of life is commonly caused by early-onset neonatal Group B streptococcus (GBS) disease. This infection is spread from GBS positive mothers to neonates by vertical transmission during delivery and results in serious illness for newborns. Intrapartum prophylactic antibiotics have decreased the incidence of early-onset neonatal GBS disease by 80%. Patients labeled with a penicillin allergy (PcnA) alternatively receive either vancomycin or clindamycin but effectiveness is controversial. We evaluated the influence of a reported PcnA label versus no PcnA label on inpatient maternal and neonatal outcomes.
Prognosis and treatment of 46 Chinese pediatric cystic fibrosis patients
Qionghua Chen, Yuelin Shen, Hui Xu, Xiaolei Tang, Haiming Yang & Shunying Zhao
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02789-8
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 329 (2021)
Since public awareness of cystic fibrosis (CF) has increased, more children have been diagnosed with CF in China. This study aimed to investigate medical and other challenges faced by pediatric CF patients in China.
Relationship between maternal vitamin D status in the first trimester of pregnancy and maternal and neonatal outcomes: a retrospective single center study
Meng Ni, Qianqian Zhang, Jiuru Zhao, Qianwen Shen, Dongting Yao, Tao Wang & Zhiwei Liu
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02730-z
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 330 (2021)
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal serum vitamin D status in the first trimester of pregnancy and maternal as well as neonatal outcomes, considered the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D?<?50?nmol/L) around the world, especially in the pregnant women.
Diagnostic difficulties and possibilities of NF1-like syndromes in childhood
Eva Pinti, Krisztina Nemeth, Krisztina Staub, Anna Lengyel, Gyorgy Fekete & Iren Haltrich
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02791-0
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 331 (2021)
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), which is caused by heterozygous inactivating pathogenic variants in the NF1, has poor phenotypic expressivity in the early years of life and there are numerous conditions, including many other tumor predisposition syndromes, that can mimic its appearance. These are collectively termed NF1-like syndromes and are also connected by their genetic background. Therefore, the NF1’s clinical diagnostic efficiency in childhood could be difficult and commonly should be completed with genetic testing.
Bivariate binary analysis on composite index of anthropometric failure of under-five children and household wealth-index
Demeke Lakew Workie & Lijalem Melie Tesfaw
doi : 10.1186/s12887-021-02770-5
BMC Pediatrics volume 21, Article number: 332 (2021)
Malnutrition is the most common cause of mortality and morbidity of children in low and middle income countries including Ethiopia and household wealth index shares the highest contribution. Thus, in this study it is aimed to conduct bivariate binary logistic regression analysis by accounting the possible dependency of child composite index anthropometric failure and household wealth index.
