دسترسی یکساله به بیش از ۵۰۰ ژورنال روز جهان موجود در سامانه
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European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management shows that gastroenterology has largely failed in its efforts to guide practitioners
David Y Graham, Hashem B El-Serag
Autologous faecal microbiota transplantation for type 1 diabetes: a potential mindshift in therapeutic microbiome manipulation?
Gianluca Ianiro, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Cammarota
Braking the cell’s cycle and invigorating T-cell immunity against pancreatic cancer
Gregory B Lesinski
Full-field optical coherence tomography: novel imaging technique for extemporaneous high-resolution analysis of mucosal architecture in human gut biopsies
Lucille Quénéhervé, Raphael Olivier, Michalina J Gora, Céline Bossard, Jean-François Mosnier, Emilie Benoit a la Guillaume, Claude Boccara, Charlène Brochard, Michel Neunlist, Emmanuel Coron
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321228
Full-field optical coherence tomography (FFOCT) is an imaging technique of biological tissue based on tissue light reflectance analysis. We evaluated the feasibility of imaging fresh digestive mucosal biopsies after a quick mounting procedure (5?min) using two distinct modalities of FFOCT. In static FFOCT mode, we gained high-resolution images of general gut tissue-specific architecture, such as oesophageal papillae, gastric pits, duodenal villi and colonic crypts. In dynamic FFOCT mode, we imaged individual epithelial cells of the mucosal lining with a cellular or subcellular resolution and identified cellular components of the lamina propria. FFOCT represents a promising dye-free imaging tool for on-site analysis of gut tissue remodelling.
Guidelines on the management of ascites in cirrhosis
Guruprasad P Aithal, Naaventhan Palaniyappan, Louise China, Suvi H?rm?l?, Lucia Macken, Jennifer M Ryan, Emilie A Wilkes, Kevin Moore, Joanna A Leithead, Peter C Hayes, Alastair J O'Brien, Sumita Verma
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321790
The British Society of Gastroenterology in collaboration with British Association for the Study of the Liver has prepared this document. The aim of this guideline is to review and summarise the evidence that guides clinical diagnosis and management of ascites in patients with cirrhosis. Substantial advances have been made in this area since the publication of the last guideline in 2007. These guidelines are based on a comprehensive literature search and comprise systematic reviews in the key areas, including the diagnostic tests, diuretic use, therapeutic paracentesis, use of albumin, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunt, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and beta-blockers in patients with ascites. Where recent systematic reviews and meta-analysis are available, these have been updated with additional studies. In addition, the results of prospective and retrospective studies, evidence obtained from expert committee reports and, in some instances, reports from case series have been included. Where possible, judgement has been made on the quality of information used to generate the guidelines and the specific recommendations have been made according to the ‘Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE)’ system. These guidelines are intended to inform practising clinicians, and it is expected that these guidelines will be revised in 3 years’ time.
Reflux symptoms and oesophageal acidification in treated achalasia patients are often not reflux related
Fraukje A Ponds, Jacobus M Oors, André J P M Smout, Albert J Bredenoord
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320772
Objective After treatment, achalasia patients often develop reflux symptoms. Aim of this case–control study was to investigate mechanisms underlying reflux symptoms in treated achalasia patients by analysing oesophageal function, acidification patterns and symptom perception.
European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management (Hp-EuReg): patterns and trends in first-line empirical eradication prescription and outcomes of 5 years and 21?533 patients
Olga P Nyssen, Dmitry Bordin, Bojan Tepes, ?ngeles Pérez-Aisa, Dino Vaira, Maria Caldas, Luis Bujanda, Manuel Castro-Fernandez, Frode Lerang, Marcis Leja, Lu?s Rodrigo, Theodore Rokkas, Limas Kupcinskas, Jorge Pérez-Lasala, Laimas Jonaitis, Oleg Shvets, Antonio Gasbarrini, Halis Simsek, Anthony T R Axon, Gy?rgy Buz?s, Jose Carlos Machado, Yaron Niv, Lyudmila Boyanova, Adrian Goldis, Vincent Lamy, Ante Tonkic, Krzysztof Przytulski, Christoph Beglinger, Marino Venerito, Peter Bytzer, Lisette Capelle, Tomica Milosavljevi?, Vladimir Milivojevic, Lea Veijola, Javier Molina-Infante, Liudmila Vologzhanina, Galina Fadeenko, Ines Ari?o, Giulia Fiorini, Ana Garre, Jes?s Garrido, Cristina F Pérez, Ignasi Puig, Frederic Heluwaert, Francis Megraud, Colm O'Morain, Javier P Gisbert
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321372
Objective The best approach for Helicobacter pylori management remains unclear. An audit process is essential to ensure clinical practice is aligned with best standards of care.
YAP1 mediates gastric adenocarcinoma peritoneal metastases that are attenuated by YAP1 inhibition
Jaffer A Ajani, Yan Xu, Longfei Huo, Ruiping Wang, Yuan Li, Ying Wang, Melissa Pool Pizzi, Ailing Scott, Kazuto Harada, Lang Ma, Xiaodan Yao, Jiankang Jin, Wei Zhao, Xiaochuan Dong, Brian D Badgwell, Namita Shanbhag, Ghia Tatlonghari, Jeannelyn Santiano Estrella, Sinchita Roy-Chowdhuri, Makoto Kobayashi, Jody V Vykoukal, Samir M Hanash, George Adrian Calin, Guang Peng, Ju-Seog Lee, Randy L Johnson, Zhenning Wang, Linghua Wang, Shumei Song
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319748
Objective Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC; malignant ascites or implants) occurs in approximately 45% of advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) patients and associated with a poor survival. The molecular events leading to PC are unknown. The yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) oncogene has emerged in many tumour types, but its clinical significance in PC is unclear. Here, we investigated the role of YAP1 in PC and its potential as a therapeutic target.
Early gastric cancer detection in high-risk patients: a multicentre randomised controlled trial on the effect of second-generation narrow band imaging
Naohiro Yoshida, Hisashi Doyama, Tomonori Yano, Takahiro Horimatsu, Noriya Uedo, Yoshinobu Yamamoto, Naomi Kakushima, Hiromitsu Kanzaki, Shinichiro Hori, Kenshi Yao, Ichiro Oda, Chikatoshi Katada, Chizu Yokoi, Ken Ohata, Kenichi Yoshimura, Hideki Ishikawa, Manabu Muto
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319631
Objective Early detection of gastric cancer has been the topic of major efforts in high prevalence areas. Whether advanced imaging methods, such as second-generation narrow band imaging (2G-NBI) can improve early detection, is unknown.
Severe clinical outcomes of COVID-19 associated with proton pump inhibitors: a nationwide cohort study with propensity score matching
Seung Won Lee, Eun Kyo Ha, Abdullah ?zgür Yeniova, Sung Yong Moon, So Young Kim, Hyun Yong Koh, Jee Myung Yang, Su Jin Jeong, Sun Joon Moon, Joo Young Cho, In Kyung Yoo, Dong Keon Yon
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322248
Objective The adverse effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have been documented for pneumonia; however, there is no consensus regarding whether the use of PPIs might be harmful regarding the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. In this regard, we aimed to measure the potential associations of the current use of PPIs with the infection rates of COVID-19 among patients who underwent SARS-CoV-2 testing.
Inflammatory bowel disease is associated with higher dementia risk: a nationwide longitudinal study
Bing Zhang, Hohui E Wang, Ya-Mei Bai, Shih-Jen Tsai, Tung-Ping Su, Tzeng-Ji Chen, Yen-Po Wang, Mu-Hong Chen
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320789
Objective Increasing evidence supports reciprocal communication between the enteric and the central nervous system in disease, termed the ‘gut–brain axis’. Recent findings suggest a connection between IBD and development of Parkinson’s disease. The role of IBD in dementia, another insidious neurodegenerative disorder, has not been explored.
Faecal microbiota transplantation halts progression of human new-onset type 1 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial
Pieter de Groot, Tanja Nikolic, Silvia Pellegrini, Valeria Sordi, Sultan Imangaliyev, Elena Rampanelli, Nordin Hanssen, Ilias Attaye, Guido Bakker, Gaby Duinkerken, Antoinette Joosten, Andrei Prodan, Evgeni Levin, Han Levels, Bartjan Potter van Loon, Arianne van Bon, Catherina Brouwer, Sytze van Dam, Suat Simsek, Daniel van Raalte, Frank Stam, Victor Gerdes, Roel Hoogma, Martin Diekman, Martin Gerding, Cees Rustemeijer, Bernadette de Bakker, Joost Hoekstra, Aeilko Zwinderman, Jacques Bergman, Frits Holleman, Lorenzo Piemonti, Willem De Vos, Bart Roep, Max Nieuwdorp
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322630
Objective Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is characterised by islet autoimmunity and beta cell destruction. A gut microbiota–immunological interplay is involved in the pathophysiology of T1D. We studied microbiota-mediated effects on disease progression in patients with type 1 diabetes using faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).
Transition to quantitative faecal immunochemical testing from guaiac faecal occult blood testing in a fully rolled-out population-based national bowel screening programme
Gavin Clark, Judith A Strachan, Frank A Carey, Thomas Godfrey, Audrey Irvine, Alisson McPherson, Jess Brand, Annie S Anderson, Callum G Fraser, Robert JC Steele
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320297
Objective Faecal immunochemical tests (FIT) are replacing guaiac faecal occult blood tests (FOBT) in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Data from the first year of FIT screening were compared with those from FOBT screening and assumptions based on a pilot evaluation of FIT.
Colon and rectal cancer survival in seven high-income countries 2010–2014: variation by age and stage at diagnosis (the ICBP SURVMARK-2 project)
Marzieh Araghi, Melina Arnold, Mark J Rutherford, Marianne Gr?nlie Guren, Citadel J Cabasag, Aude Bardot, Jacques Ferlay, Hanna Tervonen, Lorraine Shack, Ryan R Woods, Nathalie Saint-Jacques, Prithwish De, Carol McClure, Gerda Engholm, Anna T Gavin, Eileen Morgan, Paul M Walsh, Christopher Jackson, Geoff Porter, Bjorn M?ller, Oliver Bucher, Michael Eden, Dianne L O’Connell, Freddie Bray, Isabelle Soerjomataram
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320625
Objectives As part of the International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP) SURVMARK-2 project, we provide the most recent estimates of colon and rectal cancer survival in seven high-income countries by age and stage at diagnosis.
Targeting dual signalling pathways in concert with immune checkpoints for the treatment of pancreatic cancer
Erik S Knudsen, Vishnu Kumarasamy, Sejin Chung, Amanda Ruiz, Paris Vail, Stephanie Tzetzo, Jin Wu, Ram Nambiar, Jared Sivinski, Shailender S Chauhan, Mukund Seshadri, Scott I Abrams, Jianmin Wang, Agnieszka K Witkiewicz
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321000
Objective This study exploits the intersection between molecular-targeted therapies and immune-checkpoint inhibition to define new means to treat pancreatic cancer.
Design and validation of a patient-reported outcome measure scale in acute pancreatitis: the PAN-PROMISE study
Enrique de-Madaria, Claudia S?nchez-Marin, Irene Carrillo, Santhi Swaroop Vege, Serge Chooklin, Andriy Bilyak, Rafael Mejuto, Violeta Mauriz, Peter Hegyi, Katalin M?rta, Ayesha Kamal, Eugenia Lauret-Bra?a, Sorin T Barbu, Vitor Nunes, M Lourdes Ruiz-Rebollo, Guillermo Garc?a-Rayado, Edgard E Lozada-Hernandez, Jorge Pereira, Ionut Negoi, Silvia Espina, Marcus Hollenbach, Andrey Litvin, Federico Bolado-Concejo, R?mulo D Vargas, Isabel Pascual-Moreno, Vikesh K Singh, José J Mira
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320729
Objective This study aimed to develop and validate a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) in acute pancreatitis (AP) as an endpoint centred on the patient.
Comprehensive characterisation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma with microsatellite instability: histology, molecular pathology and clinical implications
Claudio Luchini, Lodewijk A A Brosens, Laura D Wood, Deyali Chatterjee, Jae Il Shin, Concetta Sciammarella, Giulia Fiadone, Giuseppe Malleo, Roberto Salvia, Valentyna Kryklyva, Maria L Piredda, Liang Cheng, Rita T Lawlor, Volkan Adsay, Aldo Scarpa
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320726
Objective Recently, tumours with microsatellite instability (MSI)/defective DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) have gained considerable interest due to the success of immunotherapy in this molecular setting. Here, we aim to clarify clinical-pathological and/or molecular features of this tumour subgroup through a systematic review coupled with a comparative analysis with existing databases, also providing indications for a correct approach to the clinical identification of MSI/dMMR pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Targeting clinical epigenetic reprogramming for chemoprevention of metabolic and viral hepatocellular carcinoma
Frank Jühling, Nourdine Hamdane, Emilie Crouchet, Shen Li, Houssein El Saghire, Atish Mukherji, Naoto Fujiwara, Marine A Oudot, Christine Thumann, Antonio Saviano, Armando Andres Roca Suarez, Kaku Goto, Ricard Masia, Mozhdeh Sojoodi, Gunisha Arora, Hiroshi Aikata, Atsushi Ono, Parissa Tabrizian, Myron Schwartz, Stephen J Polyak, Irwin Davidson, Christian Schmidl, Christoph Bock, Catherine Schuster, Kazuaki Chayama, Patrick Pessaux, Kenneth K Tanabe, Yujin Hoshida, Mirjam B Zeisel, François HT Duong, Bryan C Fuchs, Thomas F Baumert
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318918
Objective Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fastest-growing cause of cancer-related mortality with chronic viral hepatitis and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) as major aetiologies. Treatment options for HCC are unsatisfactory and chemopreventive approaches are absent. Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) results in epigenetic alterations driving HCC risk and persisting following cure. Here, we aimed to investigate epigenetic modifications as targets for liver cancer chemoprevention.
Mortality in biopsy-proven alcohol-related liver disease: a population-based nationwide cohort study of 3453 patients
Hannes Hagstr?m, Maja Thiele, Bjorn Roelstraete, Jonas S?derling, Jonas F Ludvigsson
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320446
Objective Patients with alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) are at increased risk of death, but studies have rarely investigated the significance of histological severity or estimated relative risks compared with a general population. We examined mortality in a nationwide cohort of biopsy-proven ALD.
LPIAT1/MBOAT7 depletion increases triglyceride synthesis fueled by high phosphatidylinositol turnover
Yuki Tanaka, Yuta Shimanaka, Andrea Caddeo, Takuya Kubo, Yanli Mao, Tetsuya Kubota, Naoto Kubota, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Rosellina Margherita Mancina, Guido Baselli, Panu Luukkonen, Jussi Pihlajam?ki, Hannele Yki-J?rvinen, Luca Valenti, Hiroyuki Arai, Stefano Romeo, Nozomu Kono
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320646
Objective Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common prelude to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The genetic rs641738 C>T variant in the lysophosphatidylinositol acyltransferase 1 (LPIAT1)/membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7, which incorporates arachidonic acid into phosphatidylinositol (PI), is associated with the entire spectrum of NAFLD. In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying this association in mice and cultured human hepatocytes.
Critical thresholds: key to unlocking the door to the prevention and specific treatments for acute pancreatitis
Savio George Barreto, Aida Habtezion, Anna Gukovskaya, Aurelia Lugea, Christie Jeon, Dhiraj Yadav, Peter Hegyi, Vikt?ria Venglovecz, Robert Sutton, Stephen J Pandol
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322163
Acute pancreatitis (AP), an acute inflammatory disorder of the exocrine pancreas, is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases encountered in emergency departments with no specific treatments. Laboratory-based research has formed the cornerstone of endeavours to decipher the pathophysiology of AP, because of the limitations of such study in human beings. While this has provided us with substantial understanding, we cannot answer several pressing questions. These are: (a) Why is it that only a minority of individuals with gallstones, or who drink alcohol excessively, or are exposed to other causative factors develop AP? (b) Why do only some develop more severe manifestations of AP with necrosis and/or organ failure? (c) Why have we been unable to find an effective therapeutic for AP? This manuscript provides a state-of-the-art review of our current understanding of the pathophysiology of AP providing insights into the unanswered clinical questions. We describe multiple protective factors operating in most people, and multiple stressors that in a minority induce AP, independently or together, via amplification loops. We present testable hypotheses aimed at halting progression of severity for the development of effective treatments for this common unpredictable disease.
Immunotherapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a focus on special subgroups
Matthias Pinter, Bernhard Scheiner, Markus Peck-Radosavljevic
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321702
Following the success of immune checkpoint blockers (ICBs) in different cancer types, a large number of studies are currently investigating ICBs in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), alone or in combination with other treatments. Both nivolumab and pembrolizumab, as well as the combination of nivolumab plus ipilimumab have been granted accelerated approval by the United States Food and Drug Administration for sorafenib-pretreated patients. While nivolumab and pembrolizumab both failed to meet their primary endpoints in phase III trials, the combination of atezolizumab plus bevacizumab eventually improved overall and progression-free survival compared with sorafenib in a front-line phase III trial, and thus, will become the new standard of care in this setting. Despite this breakthrough, there are patient populations with certain underlying conditions that may not be ideal candidates for this new treatment either due to safety concerns or potential lack of efficacy. In this review, we discuss the safety of ICBs in patients with pre-existing autoimmune disease, IBD or a history of solid organ transplantation. Moreover, we summarise emerging preclinical and clinical data suggesting that ICBs may be less efficacious in patients with underlying non-alcoholic steatohepatitis or HCCs with activated Wnt/?-catenin signalling.
Response to letter titled ‘Reduction of HbA1c in patients with type 2 diabetes following duodenal mucosal resurfacing: could other factors be at play?’
JJGHM Bergman
Effect of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers on disease outcomes in inflammatory bowel disease
Keeley M Fairbrass, Deloar Hoshen, David J Gracie, Alexander C Ford
Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) score at the primary care level: an analysis of over 160 000 blood samples
David Petroff, Olaf B?tz, Katrin Jedrysiak, Jan Kramer, Thomas Berg, Johannes Wiegand
Chronic liver disease negatively affects outcome in hospitalised patients with community-acquired pneumonia
Carla Bellinghausen, Mathias W Pletz, Jan Rupp, Martin Witzenrath, Christoph Welsch, Stefan Zeuzem, Jonel Trebicka, Gernot G U Rohde
Improvement in sperm quality and spermatogenesis following faecal microbiota transplantation from alginate oligosaccharide dosed mice
Pengfei Zhang, Yanni Feng, Lan Li, Wei Ge, Shuai Yu, Yanan Hao, Wei Shen, Xiao Han, Dongxue Ma, Shen Yin, Yu Tian, Lingjiang Min, Zhongyi Sun, Qingyuan Sun, Hongfu Zhang, Yong Zhao
Identifying the factors influencing outcome in probiotic studies in overweight and obese patients: host or microbiome?
Benjamin H Mullish, Daryn R Michael, Julie AK McDonald, Giulia Masetti, Sue F Plummer, Julian R Marchesi
Evaluating the impact of 2020 post-polypectomy surveillance guidelines in the Northern Ireland bowel cancer screening programme
Maurice B Loughrey, Grace Ings, William Dickey, Tracy A Owen, Helen G Coleman
Unified definition of relapse-free survival should be used for evaluating survival benefit in oesophageal adenocarcinoma
Weizheng
Curious case of gut dysmotility
Phey Shen Lee, Laura Jopson, Stephanie J Needham, Christopher G Mountford, Nick P Thompson
