Lacy, Brian E. MD, PhD, FACG1; Spiegel, Brennan MD, MSHS, FACG2
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001512
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1969
Faghih, Mahya MD1,2; Drewes, Asbjørn M. MD, PhD3,4; Singh, Vikesh K. MD, MSc1,2
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001491
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2026-2028
Pain perception in chronic pancreatitis (CP) is governed by the transmission of nociceptive inputs into the pain processing centers of the brain. These regions of the brain overlap with those that regulate and process emotions and cognition. Disorders in these regions also result in psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder. The present study by Dunbar et al. evaluated 24 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with anxiety and/or posttraumatic stress disorder and found correlations with constant and severe pain phenotypes in CP patients from a large cross-sectional cohort study. Although causation cannot be proven, the findings suggest that there may be a role for neuromodulator drugs for the treatment of pain in CP based on individual genetic susceptibility.
Battat, Robert MD1; Long, Millie D. MD, MPH, FACG2
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001500
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2029-2031
As a plethora of data emerges on therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of biologics in inflammatory bowel disease, guidance on its application is needed. In this literature review and consensus statement, the authors recommend reactive TDM for all biologics, summarize concentration targets, and provide guidance on TDM in various scenarios. Proactive TDM with tumor necrosis factor-antagonist monotherapy is recommended as an alternative to the combination of tumor necrosis factor-antagonists with immunomodulators. Although observational data support this approach, randomized controlled trials do not. We argue that there is considerable work left to be performed before embracing proactive TDM as an equivalent alternative to combination therapy in inflammatory bowel disease.
Johnson, David A. MD, MACG, FASGE, MACP1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001335
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1970-1971
Kamboj, Amrit K. MD1; Chandrasekhara, Vinay MD1; Simonetto, Douglas A. MD1; Raffals, Laura E. MD, MS1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001314
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1972-1975
Su, Xing1; He, Qin1; Zhu, Yuxia1; Zou, Peng1; Li, Mingke1; Zou, Ruizheng1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001211
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1976
Deliwala, Smit S. MD1; Gurvits, Grigoriy E. MD, FACP, FACG, AGAF2
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001207
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1977
Ashhab, Ashraf A. MD1; Lee, Moses DO2; Melmed, Gil Y. MD1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001210
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1978
Gao, Xuehan MD1; Gao, Yuanjing MD2; Ye, Xin MD3; Kang, Weiming MD3
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001216
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1979
Tang, Shou-jiang MD1; Akhtar, Israh MD2
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001205
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1980
Kong, Ling-Jian PhD1; Zhang, Ji-Yu MD1; Ullah, Saif MD1; Liu, Bing-Rong MD, PhD1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001409
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1981-1982
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001123
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1983-1984
Young, Renee L. MD, FACG
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001514
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1985
A comprehensive literature review and expert consensus statement on therapeutic drug 2 monitoring of biologics in inflammatory bowel disease
Sultan, Shahnaz MD, MHSc
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001519
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1986
ACG Clinical Guidelines Management of Benign Anorectal Disorders
Wald, Arnold MD, MACG1; Bharucha, Adil E. MBBS, MD2; Limketkai, Berkeley MD, PhD, FACG3; Malcolm, Allison MBBS, FRACP4; Remes-Troche, Jose M. MD, MsC5; Whitehead, William E. PhD6; Zutshi, Massarat MD7,8
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001507
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 1987-2008
Benign anorectal disorders of structure and function are common in clinical practice. These guidelines summarize the preferred approach to the evaluation and management of defecation disorders, proctalgia syndromes, hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and fecal incontinence in adults and represent the official practice recommendations of the American College of Gastroenterology. The scientific evidence for these guidelines was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation process. When the evidence was not appropriate for Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation, we used expert consensus to develop key concept statements. These guidelines should be considered as preferred but are not the only approaches to these conditions.
Shah, Brijen J. MD1; Onken, Jane E. MD, MHS2; Edgar, Laura EdD, CAE3; Jou, Janice H. MD, MHS4; Obstein, Keith L. MD, MPH5; Pardi, Darrell S. MD, MS6; Richter, Seth MD7; Reddy, Gautham MD8; Rose, Suzanne MD, MSEd9; Szyjkowski, Ronald MD10; Fix, Oren K. MD, MSc11
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001490
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2009-2013
Cheifetz, Adam S. MD1; Abreu, Maria T. MD2; Afif, Waqqas MD3; Cross, Raymond K. MD, MS4; Dubinsky, Marla C. MD5; Loftus, Edward V. Jr MD6; Osterman, Mark T. MD, MS7; Saroufim, Ariana BS1; Siegel, Corey A. MD, MS8; Yarur, Andres J. MD9; Melmed, Gil Y. MD10; Papamichael, Konstantinos MD, PhD1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001396
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2014-2025
Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of biologics is a rapidly evolving field. We aimed to provide a consensus statement regarding the clinical utility of TDM for biologics in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). A modified Delphi method was applied to develop consensus statements. A comprehensive literature review was performed regarding TDM of biologic therapies in IBD, and 45 statements were subsequently formulated on the potential application of TDM in IBD. The statements, along with literature, were then presented to a panel of 10 gastroenterologists with expertise in IBD and TDM who anonymously rated them on a scale of 1–10 (1 = strongly disagree and 10 = strongly agree). An expert consensus development meeting was held virtually to review, discuss, refine, and reformulate statements that did not meet criteria for agreement or that were ambiguous. During the meeting, additional statements were proposed. Panelists then confidentially revoted, and statements rated ?7 by 80% or more of the participants were accepted. During the virtual meeting, 8 statements were reworded, 7 new statements were proposed, and 19 statements were rerated. Consensus was finally reached in 48/49 statements. The panel agreed that reactive TDM should be used for all biologics for both primary nonresponse and secondary loss of response. It was recommended that treatment discontinuation should not be considered for infliximab or adalimumab until a drug concentration of at least 10–15 ?g/mL was achieved. Consensus was also achieved regarding the utility of proactive TDM for anti–tumor necrosis factor therapy. It was recommended to perform proactive TDM after induction and at least once during maintenance. Consensus was achieved in most cases regarding the utility of TDM of biologics in IBD, specifically for reactive and proactive TDM of anti–tumor necrosis factors.
Carlson, Dustin A. MD, MS1; Baumann, Alexandra J. DO1; Prescott, Jacqueline E. BS1; Schauer, Jacob M. PhD2; Krause, Amanda MD1; Donnan, Erica N. MD1; Kou, Wenjun PhD1; Kahrilas, Peter J. MD1; Pandolfino, John E. MD, MS1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001402
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2032-2041
High-resolution manometry (HRM) is generally considered the primary method to evaluate esophageal motility; functional luminal imaging probe (FLIP) panometry represents a novel method to do so and is completed during sedated endoscopy. This study aimed to compare HRM and FLIP panometry in predicting esophageal retention on timed barium esophagram (TBE).
Tinmouth, Jill MD, PhD1,2,3,4,5; Sutradhar, Rinku PhD2,3; Li, Qing MMath3; Patel, Jigisha MSc1; Baxter, Nancy N. MD, PhD6; Llovet, Diego PhD2,4; Paszat, Lawrence F. MD, MS2,3; Rabeneck, Linda MD, MPH2,3,4,5
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001498
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2042-2051
Variation in endoscopist performance contributes to poor-quality colonoscopy. Audit and feedback (A/F) can be used to improve physician performance, particularly among lower performing physicians. In this large pragmatic randomized controlled trial, we compared A/F to improve endoscopists' colonoscopy performance to usual practice.
Ricciuto, Amanda MD, PhD, FRCPC1; Carman, Nicholas BSc, MBBS, FRACP2; Benchimol, Eric I. MD, PhD, FRCPC1,2,3; Siddiqui, Iram MBBS, MSc, FRCPC4; Putra, Juan MD4; Khanna, Reena MD, MSc5; Griffiths, Anne M. MD, FRCPC1; Walters, Thomas D. MBBS, MSc, FRACP1; Church, Peter C. MD, MSc, FRCPC1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001400
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2052-2059
We aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Endoscopic Index of Severity (UCEIS) and Mayo Endoscopy Score (MES) and to validate the Robarts Histopathology Index (RHI) and Nancy Index (NI) in pediatric UC. We examined rectosigmoid and pancolonic versions of each instrument.
Ma, Christopher MD, MPH1,2; Qian, Alexander S. MD3; Nguyen, Nghia H. MD, MAS3; Stukalin, Igor MD4; Congly, Stephen E. MD, MSc1; Shaheen, Abdel Aziz MBChB, MPH1,2; Swain, Mark G. MD MSc1; Teriaky, Anouar MD, MPH5; Asrani, Sumeet K. MD6; Singh, Siddharth MD, MSc3,7
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001292
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2060-2067
The management of chronic liver diseases (CLDs) and cirrhosis is associated with substantial healthcare costs. We aimed to estimate trends in national healthcare spending for patients with CLDs or cirrhosis between 1996 and 2016 in the United States.
Li, Jie MD1; Le, Michael H. MD2; Barakat, Monique T. MD2,3; Cheung, Ramsey C. MD2,4; Nguyen, Mindie H. MD2,5
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001386
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2068-2078
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) are major causes of liver disease in adults. However, data for children and adolescents are limited. Our study aimed to characterize the prevalence, trend, and risk factors of infection of HBV and HCV and possible NAFLD for this population.
Boike, Justin Richard MD, MPH1; Mazumder, Nikhilesh Ray MD, MPH1; Kolli, Kanti Pallav MD2; Ge, Jin MD, MBA3; German, Margarita MD4; Jest, Nathaniel DO5; Morelli, Giuseppe MD5; Spengler, Erin MD4; Said, Adnan MD4; Lai, Jennifer C. MD, MBA3; Desai, Archita P. MD6; Couri, Thomas MD7; Paul, Sonali MD, MS7; Frenette, Catherine MD8; Verna, Elizabeth C. MD, MS9; Rahim, Usman MD10; Goel, Aparna MD10; Gregory, Dyanna MS1; Thornburg, Bartley MD11; VanWagner, Lisa B. MD, MSc1; on behalf of the Advancing Liver Therapeutic Approaches (ALTA) Study Group
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001357
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2079-2088
Advances in transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) technology have led to expanded use. We sought to characterize contemporary outcomes of TIPS by common indications.
Van, Jeremy DO1; Aloman, Costica MD2; Reau, Nancy MD2
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001349
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2089-2097
Bias and misconceptions surrounding alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) and obesity-related liver disease (OLD) may lead to transplant listing inequities. The aim of this study was to evaluate patients, medical students, residents, fellows, and attending physicians for bias and misconceptions regarding liver transplantation (LT) for patients with ALD and OLD.
Grover, Indu MSc1; Gunjan, Deepak MD, DM1; Singh, Namrata PhD1; Benjamin, Jaya PhD2; Ramakrishnan, Lakshmy PhD3; Pandey, Ravindra M. PhD4; Sati, Hem C. MSc4; Saraya, Anoop MD, DM1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001272
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2098-2104
In patients with cirrhosis, highly prevalent vitamin D deficiency and low bone mineral density (BMD) increase the burden of disease, and role of vitamin D supplementation is not clear. So, our aim was to determine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on vitamin D level and BMD in patients with cirrhosis.
Lin, Fei-Pi MD1; Visina, Jacqueline M. MD2; Bloomer, Pamela M. PT, MPT3; Dunn, Michael A. MD4; Josbeno, Deborah A. PT, PhD5; Zhang, Xingyu PhD3; Clemente-Sanchez, Ana MD4,6; Tevar, Amit D. MD3; Hughes, Christopher B. MD3; Jakicic, John M. PhD7; Duarte-Rojo, Andrés MD, PhD4
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001376
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2105-2117
Frailty is a predictor of morbidity and mortality in cirrhosis. Although evidence for prehabilitation is promising, the data for liver transplant (LT) candidates are limited. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a novel prehabilitation strategy on changes in frailty metrics and survival in LT candidates. The secondary aim was to determine liver-related and extrahepatic conditions associated with frailty.
Shah, Eric D. MD, MBA1; Staller, Kyle MD, MPH2; Nee, Judy MD3; Ahuja, Nitin K. MD, MS4; Chan, Walter W. MD5; Lembo, Anthony MD3; Brenner, Darren M. MD6; Siegel, Corey A. MD, MS1; Chey, William D. MD7
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001403
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2118-2127
Chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) is a common and burdensome illness. We performed a cost-effectiveness analysis of the US Food and Drug Administration–approved CIC drugs to evaluate and quantify treatment preferences compared with usual care from insurer and patient perspectives.
Dunbar, Ellyn K. MS1,2; Greer, Phil J. MS1,3; Amann, Stephen T. MD4; Alkaade, Samer MD5,6; Banks, Peter MD7; Brand, Randall MD1; Conwell, Darwin L. MD, MSc7,8; Forsmark, Christopher E. MD9; Gardner, Timothy B. MD10; Guda, Nalini M. MD11,12; Lewis, Michele D. MD13; Machicado, Jorge D. MD1,14; Muniraj, Thiruvengadam MD, PhD1,15; Papachristou, Georgios I. MD, PhD1,8; Romagnuolo, Joseph MD16,17; Sandhu, Bimaljit S. MD18,19; Sherman, Stuart MD20; Slivka, Adam MD, PhD1; Wilcox, C. Mel MD21; Yadav, Dhiraj MD, MPH1; Whitcomb, David C. MD, PhD1,2,22; for the NAPS2 Consortium
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001366
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2128-2136
Recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) are progressive inflammatory syndromes with variable features. Pain is the primary feature that contributes to low physical and mental quality of life with a third of patients reporting severe pain. Pain experience is worsened by depression. Here, we tested the hypothesis that genetic risk of the psychiatric conditions of anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with pain in CP and RAP + CP subjects.
Ayoub, Fares MD1; Ouni, Ahmed MD2; Case, Robert MD3; Ladna, Michael MD3; Shah, Harsh MD3; Rubin, David T. MD1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001240
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2137-2139
The purpose of this study was to find out whether dissemination of gastroenterology and hepatology (GI) research on social media networks correlates with citation count at 5 years.
Albuquerque, Andreia MD, PhD1,2; Baptista, Pedro Vieira MD3,4,5; Clifford, Gary M. PhD6
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001298
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2140
Vegunta, Suneela MD1; Shah, Amit A. MD2; Whited, M. Helen MD2; Long, Margaret E. MD3
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001368
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2140-2141
Sahu, Saroj Kanta MD, DM1; Singh, Ayaskanta MD, DM2
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001319
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2142
Schettino, Mario MD1; Manes, Gianpiero MD1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001328
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2142-2143
Zhai, Lu-Lu MD1; Tang, Zhi-Gang PhD1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001362
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2143-2144
Grover, Indu MSc1; Gunjan, Deepak MD, DM1; Singh, Namrata PhD1; Saraya, Anoop MD, DM1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001415
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2144
Koh, Calvin Jianyi MBBS, FRCP, FASGE1,2; Koo, Chieh Sian MBBS, MRCP1; Doshi, Bhavesh Kishor MBBS, MRCP1,2
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001294
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2145-2146
Thakur, Kshitij MD1,2; Barrett, Terrance A. MD2
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001321
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2146
Howden, Colin W. MD, FACG1; Taylor, Douglas C.A. MBA2; Tkacz, Joseph MS3
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001329
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2146-2147
Liu, Yu MD1,2; Hu, Liang-Hao MD2
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001384
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2147-2148
LeBrett, Wendi G. MD1; Chen, Frank W. MD1; Yang, Liu MD, MPH1; Chang, Lin MD1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001408
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2148-2149
Jansson-Knodell, Claire L. MD1; Bhavsar-Burke, Indira MD1; Gayam, Swapna MD2; Kothari, Shivangi MD, FACG, FASGE3; Oxentenko, Amy S. MD, FACG4
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001345
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2149-2151
Weber, Sabine MD1; Gerbes, Alexander L. MD1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001369
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2151-2152
Ushida, Kenta RPT, MMSc1; Shimizu, Miho RPT, MSc2; Yamamoto, Yoshinori RPT, MSc1; Momosaki, Ryo MD, PhD, MPH1
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001382
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2153
Lv, Xiu-He MD1,2; Wang, Zi-Jing MD1,2; Yang, Jin-Lin MD1,2
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001407
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2153
doi : 10.14309/ajg.0000000000001515
October 2021 - Volume 116 - Issue 10 - p 2154
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