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A systematic review and meta-analysis of school-based interventions with health education to reduce body mass index in adolescents aged 10 to 19?years
Chandni Maria Jacob, Polly Louise Hardy-Johnson, Hazel M. Inskip, Taylor Morris, Camille M. Parsons, Millie Barrett, Mark Hanson, Kathryn Woods-Townsend, Janis Baird
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01065-9
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 1.
Adolescents are increasingly susceptible to obesity, and thus at risk of later non-communicable diseases, due to changes in food choices, physical activity levels and exposure to an obesogenic environment. This review aimed to synthesize the literature investigating the effectiveness of health education interventions delivered in school settings to prevent overweight and obesity and/ or reduce BMI in adolescents, and to explore the key features of effectiveness.
A systematic review of qualitative studies exploring the factors influencing the physical activity levels of Arab migrants
Aymen El Masri, Gregory S. Kolt, Emma S. George
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01056-w
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 2.
Evidence suggests that Arab migrant populations engage in low levels of physical activity. To our knowledge, there are no reviews that explore the perspectives of Arab migrant populations on the factors influencing physical activity. The aim of this systematic review was to thematically synthesise qualitative literature on the factors influencing physical activity among Arab migrant populations.
Development of Australian physical activity and screen time guidelines for outside school hours care: an international Delphi study
Rosa Virgara, Anna Phillips, Lucy Lewis, Mandy Richardson, Carol Maher
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01061-z
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 3.
Children’s activity patterns in the periods before and after school make a key contribution to achieving 24-h movement guidelines. There are currently no national-level guidelines informing physical activity and screen time practices in Outside School Hours Care (OSHC) programs anywhere in the world. This study aimed to work with industry, government and academic stakeholders to develop draft physical activity and screen time guidelines for use in Australian OSHC.
The relationship between the home environment and child adiposity: a systematic review
Alice R. Kininmonth, Andrea D. Smith, Clare H. Llewellyn, Louise Dye, Clare L. Lawton, Alison Fildes
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01073-9
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 4.
Extensive research has demonstrated the role of the Home Environment (HE) in shaping children’s energy balance behaviours. Less is known about direct relationships with bodyweight. This review examines associations between the social and physical aspects of three pre-defined Home Environment domains (food, physical activity and media) and adiposity measures in children ?12?years.
Global, regional, and national trends and patterns in physical activity research since 1950: a systematic review
Andrea Ram?rez Varela, Gloria Isabel Nino Cruz, Pedro Hallal, Cauane Blumenberg, Shana Ginar da Silva, Deborah Salvo, Rafaela Martins, Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva, Eugen Resendiz, Maria Catalina del Portillo, Luciana Zaranza Monteiro, Selina Khoo, Kar Hau Chong, Marcelo Cozzensa da Silva, Alice Mannocci, Ding Ding, Michael Pratt
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01071-x
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 5.
National, regional and global scientific production and research capacity for physical activity - PA may contribute to improving public health PA policies and programs. There is an uneven distribution of research productivity by region and country income group, where countries with the highest burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to physical inactivity having low research productivity. A first step towards improving global research capacity is to objectively quantify patterns, trends, and gaps in PA research. This study describes national, regional and global trends and patterns of PA research from 1950 to 2019.
Physical activity and prospective associations with indicators of health and development in children aged <5 years: a systematic review
Sanne L. C. Veldman, Mai J. M. Chin A Paw, Teatske M. Altenburg
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01072-w
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 6.
Early childhood is a critical period for growth and development, yet the association with physical activity during this important period is unknown. The aim of this review is to critically summarize the evidence on the prospective associations between physical activity and health and development in children aged <?5?years.
The effect of behaviour change interventions on changes in physical activity and anthropometrics in ambulatory hospital settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Stephen Barrett, Stephen Begg, Paul O’Halloran, Owen Howlett, Jack Lawrence, Michael Kingsley
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01076-6
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 7.
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate whether behaviour change interventions promote changes in physical activity and anthropometrics (body mass, body mass index and waist circumference) in ambulatory hospital populations.
Associations between lifestyle interventions during pregnancy and childhood weight and growth: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Roxana Raab, Sophie Michel, Julia Günther, Julia Hoffmann, Lynne Stecher, Hans Hauner
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01075-7
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 8.
Maternal health and lifestyle during pregnancy may be critical for the onset and progression of childhood obesity. Prenatal lifestyle interventions have been shown to positively affect maternal behaviors, gestational weight gain, and anthropometric outcomes in infants at birth. The influence of such interventions on child weight or growth beyond birth is unknown. We therefore examined the association between lifestyle interventions during pregnancy and anthropometric outcomes during childhood.
Networks of stress, affect and eating behaviour: anticipated stress coping predicts goal-congruent eating in young adults
Bj?rn Pannicke, Tim Kaiser, Julia Reichenberger, Jens Blechert
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01066-8
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 9.
Many people aim to eat healthily. Yet, affluent food environments encourage consumption of energy dense and nutrient-poor foods, making it difficult to accomplish individual goals such as maintaining a healthy diet and weight. Moreover, goal-congruent eating might be influenced by affects, stress and intense food cravings and might also impinge on these in turn. Directionality and interrelations of these variables are currently unclear, which impedes targeted intervention. Psychological network models offer an exploratory approach that might be helpful to identify unique associations between numerous variables as well as their directionality when based on longitudinal time-series data.
Process evaluations of early childhood obesity prevention interventions delivered via telephone or text messages: a systematic review
Mahalakshmi Ekambareshwar, Swathi Ekambareshwar, Seema Mihrshahi, Li Ming Wen, Louise A. Baur, Rachel Laws, Sarah Taki, Chris Rissel
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01074-8
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 10.
Increasingly, public health interventions are delivered via telephone and/or text messages. Recent systematic reviews of early childhood obesity prevention interventions have not adequately reported on the way interventions are delivered and the experiences/perceptions of stakeholders. We aimed to summarise the literature in early childhood obesity prevention interventions delivered via telephone or text messages for evidence of application of process evaluation primarily to evaluate stakeholders’ acceptability of interventions.
Consolidating evidence on the effectiveness of interventions promoting fruit and vegetable consumption: an umbrella review
Luke Wolfenden, Courtney Barnes, Cassandra Lane, Sam McCrabb, Hannah M. Brown, Sarah Gerritsen, Simon Barquera, Lesly Samara Véjar, Ana Mungu?a, Sze Lin Yoong
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01046-y
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 11.
The overarching objective was to examine the effectiveness of intervention strategies to promote fruit and vegetable consumption. To do this, systematic review evidence regarding the effects of intervention strategies was synthesized; organized, where appropriate, by the setting in which the strategies were implemented. Additionally, we sought to describe gaps in the review of evidence; that is, where evidence regarding the effectiveness of recommended policy actions had not been systematically synthesised.
A meta-analysis of the reproducibility of food frequency questionnaires in nutritional epidemiological studies
Qi Cui, Yang Xia, Qijun Wu, Qing Chang, Kaijun Niu, Yuhong Zhao
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01078-4
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 12.
Reproducibility of FFQs measures the consistency of the same subject at different time points. We performed a meta-analysis to explore the reproducibility of FFQs and factors related to reproducibility of FFQs.
The Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire: development and validation of age appropriate versions for infants and toddlers
E. Jansen, C. G. Russell, J. Appleton, R. Byrne, L. A. Daniels, C. Fowler, C. Rossiter, K. M. Mallan
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01079-x
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 13.
In order to measure and understand trajectories of parental feeding practices and their relationship with child eating and weight, it is desirable to perform assessment from infancy and across time, in age-appropriate ways. While many feeding practices questionnaires exist, none is presently available that enables tracking of feeding practices from infancy through childhood. The aim of the study was to develop a version of the Feeding Practices and Structure Questionnaire (FPSQ) for parents with infants and toddlers (<?2?years) to be used in conjunction with the original FPSQ for older children (?2?years) to measure feeding practices related to non-responsiveness and structure across childhood.
Family, school and individual characteristics associated with adolescents’ physical activity at school in Hong Kong: the iHealt(H) study
Alison Carver, Muhammad Akram, Anthony Barnett, Wendy Yajun Huang, Gemma Yang Gao, Robin R. Mellecker, Ester Cerin
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01085-z
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 14.
Adolescents (11–18-year-olds) are at risk of physical inactivity. There is limited knowledge of physical activity (PA) levels among adolescents in the school setting in Hong Kong. We developed and tested a novel theoretical model of how household/family characteristics, school-level social and physical environmental factors and individual adolescent’s characteristics impact on their school-based PA during and after school hours.
Genetic variants related to physical activity or sedentary behaviour: a systematic review
Lene Aasdahl, Tom Ivar Lund Nilsen, Ingebrigt Meisingset, Anne Lovise Nordstoga, Kari Anne I. Evensen, Julie Paulsen, Paul Jarle Mork, Eivind Schjelderup Skarpsno
doi : 10.1186/s12966-020-01077-5
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 15.
Research shows that part of the variation in physical activity and sedentary behaviour may be explained by genetic factors. Identifying genetic variants associated with physical activity and sedentary behaviour can improve causal inference in physical activity research. The aim of this systematic review was to provide an updated overview of the evidence of genetic variants associated with physical activity or sedentary behaviour.
How effective are physical activity interventions when they are scaled-up: a systematic review
Cassandra Lane, Sam McCrabb, Nicole Nathan, Patti-Jean Naylor, Adrian Bauman, Andrew Milat, Melanie Lum, Rachel Sutherland, Judith Byaruhanga, Luke Wolfenden
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01080-4
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 16.
The ‘scale-up’ of effective physical activity interventions is required if they are to yield improvements in population health. The purpose of this study was to systematically review the effectiveness of community-based physical activity interventions that have been scaled-up. We also sought to explore differences in the effect size of these interventions compared with prior evaluations of their efficacy in more controlled contexts, and describe adaptations that were made to interventions as part of the scale-up process.
The impact of school uniforms on primary school student’s physical activity at school: outcomes of a cluster randomized controlled trial
Nicole Nathan, Nicole McCarthy, Kirsty Hope, Rachel Sutherland, Christophe Lecathelinais, Alix Hall, Cassandra Lane, Stewart Trost, Sze Lin Yoong, Luke Wolfenden
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01084-0
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 17.
Many school-based physical activity (PA) interventions are complex and have modest effects when delivered in real world contexts. A commonly reported barrier to students’ PA, particularly among girls, are uniforms that are impractical (e.g. tunic/dress and black leather shoes). Modifying student uniforms may represent a simple intervention to enhance student PA. The primary aim of this trial was to assess the impact of a PA enabling uniform intervention (shorts, polo shirt and sports shoes) on girls’ moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and total PA i.e. counts per minute (cpm).
School-based gardening, cooking and nutrition intervention increased vegetable intake but did not reduce BMI: Texas sprouts - a cluster randomized controlled trial
Jaimie N. Davis, Adriana Pérez, Fiona M. Asigbee, Matthew J. Landry, Sarvenaz Vandyousefi, Reem Ghaddar, Amy Hoover, Matthew Jeans, Katie Nikah, Brian Fischer, Stephen J. Pont, Daphne Richards, Deanna M. Hoelscher, Alexandra E. Van Den Berg
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01087-x
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 18.
Although school garden programs have been shown to improve dietary behaviors, there has not been a cluster-randomized controlled trial (RCT) conducted to examine the effects of school garden programs on obesity or other health outcomes. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of a one-year school-based gardening, nutrition, and cooking intervention (called Texas Sprouts) on dietary intake, obesity outcomes, and blood pressure in elementary school children.
A natural experimental study of improvements along an urban canal: impact on canal usage, physical activity and other wellbeing behaviours
Jack S. Benton, Sarah Cotterill, Jamie Anderson, Vanessa G. Macintyre, Matthew Gittins, Matthew Dennis, David P. French
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01088-w
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 19.
There are few robust natural experimental studies of improving urban green spaces on physical activity and wellbeing. The aim of this controlled natural experimental study was to examine the impact of green space improvements along an urban canal on canal usage, physical activity and two other wellbeing behaviours (social interactions and taking notice of the environment) among adults in Greater Manchester, UK. The intervention included resurfaced footpaths, removal of encroaching vegetation, improved entrances, new benches and signage.
CooC11 and CooC7: the development and validation of age appropriate children’s perceived cooking competence measures
Moira Dean, Johann Issartel, Tony Benson, Amanda McCloat, Elaine Mooney, Claire McKernan, Laura Dunne, Sarah F. Brennan, Sarah E. Moore, Danielle McCarthy, Jayne V. Woodside, Fiona Lavelle
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01089-9
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 20.
Learning cooking skills during childhood and adolescence is associated with positive dietary outcomes in adulthood as well as being tracked from adolescence to adulthood. In addition studies have found that perceived competence to be a greater motivator to perform a behaviour than actual competence. However, a lack of validated tools that effectively measure behavioural and dietary changes including cooking confidence in children is a limitation. Therefore, this research aimed to develop and validate age-appropriate perceived cooking competence measures for younger and older primary school aged children.
Association of ultra-processed food consumption with cardiovascular mortality in the US population: long-term results from a large prospective multicenter study
Guo-Chao Zhong, Hai-Tao Gu, Yang Peng, Kang Wang, You-Qi-Le Wu, Tian-Yang Hu, Feng-Chuang Jing, Fa-Bao Hao
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01081-3
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 21.
Ultra-processed foods have now become dominant in the global food system. Whether their consumption is associated with cardiovascular mortality remains controversial. Moreover, data on ultra-processed foods and cardiovascular outcomes are scarce in the US population. We aimed to examine the association of ultra-processed food consumption with cardiovascular mortality in a US population.
A secondary analysis of the childhood obesity prevention Cochrane Review through a wider determinants of health lens: implications for research funders, researchers, policymakers and practitioners
James Nobles, Carolyn Summerbell, Tamara Brown, Russell Jago, Theresa Moore
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01082-2
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 22.
Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are often regarded as the gold standard of evidence, and subsequently go on to inform policymaking. Cochrane Reviews synthesise this type of evidence to create recommendations for practice, policy, and future research. Here, we critically appraise the RCTs included in the childhood obesity prevention Cochrane Review to understand the focus of these interventions when examined through a wider determinants of health (WDoH) lens.
Food environment intervention improves food knowledge, wellbeing and dietary habits in primary school children: Project Daire, a randomised-controlled, factorial design cluster trial
Sarah F. Brennan, Fiona Lavelle, Sarah E. Moore, Moira Dean, Michelle C. McKinley, Patrick McCole, Ruth F. Hunter, Laura Dunne, Niamh E. O’Connell, Chris R. Cardwell, Chris T. Elliott, Danielle McCarthy, Jayne V. Woodside
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01086-y
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 23.
Evidence suggests that dietary intake of UK children is suboptimal. As schools provide an ideal natural environment for public health interventions, effective and sustainable methods of improving food knowledge and dietary habits in this population must be identified. Project Daire aimed to improve children’s health-related quality of life, wellbeing, food knowledge and dietary habits via two multi-component interventions.
Seasons, weather, and device-measured movement behaviors: a scoping review from 2006 to 2020
Taylor B. Turrisi, Kelsey M. Bittel, Ashley B. West, Sarah Hojjatinia, Sahar Hojjatinia, Scherezade K. Mama, Constantino M. Lagoa, David E. Conroy
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01091-1
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 24.
This scoping review summarized research on (a) seasonal differences in physical activity and sedentary behavior, and (b) specific weather indices associated with those behaviors.
A compositional analysis of time spent in sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity with all-cause mortality risk
Anna E. Clarke, Ian Janssen
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01092-0
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 25.
Daily time spent in sleep, sedentary behaviour (SED), light intensity physical activity (LIPA), and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) are compositional, co-dependent variables. The objectives of this study were to use compositional data analysis to: (1) examine the relationship between the movement behaviour composition (daily time spent in sleep, SED, LIPA and MVPA) and all-cause mortality risk, and (2) estimate the extent to which changing time spent in any given movement behaviour (sleep, SED, LIPA, or MVPA) within the movement behaviour composition was associated with changes in risk of all-cause mortality.
The impact of financial incentives on SNAP transactions at mobile produce markets
Pasquale E. Rummo, Reece Lyerly, Jennifer Rose, Yelena Malyuta, Eliza Dexter Cohen, Amy Nunn
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01093-z
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 26.
Offering financial incentives promotes increases in fruit and vegetable purchases in farmers’ markets and supermarkets. Yet, little is understood about whether food-insecure adults purchase more fruits and vegetables as a result of receiving financial incentives in mobile produce market settings.
Cadence (steps/min) and relative intensity in 21 to 60-year-olds: the CADENCE-adults study
Cayla R. McAvoy, Christopher C. Moore, Elroy J. Aguiar, Scott W. Ducharme, John M. Schuna, Jr, Tiago V. Barreira, Colleen J. Chase, Zachary R. Gould, Marcos A. Amalbert-Birriel, Stuart R. Chipkin, John Staudenmayer, Catrine Tudor-Locke, Jose Mora-Gonzalez
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01096-w
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 27.
Heuristic cadence (steps/min) thresholds of ?100 and???130 steps/min correspond with absolutely-defined moderate (3 metabolic equivalents [METs]; 1 MET?=?3.5?mL O2·kg??1·min??1) and vigorous (6 METs) intensity, respectively. Scarce evidence informs cadence thresholds for relatively-defined moderate (? 64% heart rate maximum [HRmax =?220-age], ? 40%HR reserve [HRR?=?HRmax -HRresting, and???12 Rating of Perceived Exertion [RPE]); or vigorous intensity (? 77%HRmax, ? 60%HRR, and???14 RPE).
Children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity on weekdays versus weekend days: a multi-country analysis
Keith Brazendale, Michael W. Beets, Bridget Armstrong, R. Glenn Weaver, Ethan T. Hunt, Russell R. Pate, Timothy A. Brusseau, Amy M. Bohnert, Timothy Olds, Rafael M. Tassitano, Maria Cecilia M. Tenorio, Jeanette Garcia, Lars B. Andersen, Rachel Davey, Pedro C. Hallal, Russell Jago, Elin Kolle, Susi Kriemler, Peter L. Kristensen, Soyang Kwon, Jardena J. Puder, Jo Salmon, Luis B. Sardinha, Esther M. F. van Sluijs, on behalf of the International Children’s Accelerometry Database (ICAD) Collaborators
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01095-x
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 28.
The Structured Days Hypothesis (SDH) posits that children’s behaviors associated with obesity – such as physical activity – are more favorable on days that contain more ‘structure’ (i.e., a pre-planned, segmented, and adult-supervised environment) such as school weekdays, compared to days with less structure, such as weekend days. The purpose of this study was to compare children’s moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) levels on weekdays versus weekend days using a large, multi-country, accelerometer-measured physical activity dataset.
Land use mix and physical activity in middle-aged and older adults: a longitudinal study examining changes in land use mix in two Dutch cohorts
J. M. Noordzij, M. A. Beenackers, J. Oude Groeniger, E. J. Timmermans, I. Motoc, M. Huisman, F. J. van Lenthe
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01083-1
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 29.
With urbanization and aging increasing in coming decades, societies face the challenge of keeping aging populations active. Land use mix (LUM) has been associated with cycling and walking, but whether changes in LUM relate to changes in cycling/walking is less known.
Maternal feeding style and child weight status among Hispanic families with low-income levels: a longitudinal study of the direction of effects
Sheryl O. Hughes, Thomas G. Power, Teresia M. O’Connor, Jennifer O. Fisher, Nilda E. Micheli, Maria A. Papaioannou
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01094-y
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 30.
The home environment is a central and modifiable influence on the development of childhood obesity. Evidence supports the central role of parents in shaping problematic child eating behaviors and excess weight. Most studies of feeding emphasize parent-driven influences without taking into account the child’s role in eating interactions. Few studies have addressed the bi-directional nature of feeding dynamics in studies of young children.
Exploring influences on evaluation practice: a case study of a national physical activity programme
Judith F. Fynn, Wendy Hardeman, Karen Milton, Andy Jones
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01098-8
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 31.
Interventions to improve physical activity behaviour are a core part of public health policy and practice. It is essential that we evaluate these interventions and use the evidence to inform decisions to improve population health. Evaluation of ‘real-world’ interventions provide an opportunity to generate practice-relevant evidence, however these interventions are difficult to evaluate. Various guidelines have been developed to facilitate evaluation, but evidence about their effectiveness in practice is limited. To explore influences on evaluation practice in an applied context, we conducted a case study of Sport England’s ‘Get Healthy Get Active’ (GHGA) programme. This was a national programme that funded 33 projects that were delivered and evaluated across England. The programme was chosen as it was designed to generate evidence on the role of sport in increasing physical activity and improving health. The study aimed to explore and appraise whether strategies intended to facilitate project evaluation, including funder requirements to use a standardised evaluation framework and specific data collection methods, were effective in generating evidence that enabled the programme to meet its aims.
Planting seeds of change: reconceptualizing what people eat as eating practices and patterns
Dana Lee Olstad, Sharon I. Kirkpatrick
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01102-1
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 32.
Language focused on individual dietary behaviors, or alternatively, lifestyle choices or decisions, suggests that what people eat and drink is primarily a choice that comes down to free will. Referring to and intervening upon food consumption as though it were a freely chosen behavior has an inherently logical appeal due to its simplicity and easily defined targets of intervention. However, despite decades of behavioral interventions, population-level patterns of food consumption remain suboptimal. This debate paper interrogates the manner in which language frames how problems related to poor diet quality are understood and addressed within society. We argue that referring to food consumption as a behavior conveys the idea that it is primarily a freely chosen act that can be ameliorated through imploring and educating individuals to make better selections. Leveraging practice theory, we subsequently propose that using the alternative language of eating practices and patterns better conveys the socially situated nature of food consumption. This language may therefore point to novel avenues for intervention beyond educating and motivating individuals to eat more healthfully, to instead focus on creating supportive contexts that enable sustained positive dietary change. Clearly, shifting discourse will not on its own transform the science and practice of nutrition. Nevertheless, the seeds of change may lie in aligning our terminology, and thus, our framing, with desired solutions.
Ideal cardiovascular health at age 5–6?years and cardiometabolic outcomes in preadolescence
Hester Jaspers Faijer-Westerink, Mette Stavnsbo, Barbara A. Hutten, Mai Chinapaw, Tanja G. M. Vrijkotte
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01090-2
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 33.
The American Heart Association (AHA) developed a definition of ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) based on the presence of both ideal health behaviours (diet, physical activity, weight status and smoking) and ideal health factors (glucose, total cholesterol and blood pressure levels). However, research of ICH in the paediatric population is scarce. We aimed to study ICH at age 5–6?years by extending the original ICH score with the health behaviours: sleep duration, screen time and prenatal smoke exposure, and to evaluate its association with cardiometabolic outcomes at age 11–12.
A novel approach to increasing community capacity for weight management a volunteer-delivered programme (ActWELL) initiated within breast screening clinics: a randomised controlled trial
Annie S. Anderson, Huey Yi Chong, Angela M. Craigie, Peter T. Donnan, Stephanie Gallant, Amy Hickman, Chloe McAdam, Jennifer McKell, Paul McNamee, E. Jane Macaskill, Nanette Mutrie, Ronan E. O’Carroll, Petra Rauchhaus, Naveed Sattar, Martine Stead, Shaun Treweek
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01099-7
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 34.
It is estimated that around 30% of breast cancers in post-menopausal women are related to lifestyle. The breast cancer-pooling project demonstrated that sustained weight loss of 2 to 4.5?kg is associated with an 18% lower risk of breast cancer, highlighting the importance of small changes in body weight. Our study aimed to assess the effectiveness a volunteer-delivered, community based, weight management programme (ActWELL) for women with a BMI >?25?kg/m2 attending NHS Scotland Breast Screening clinics.
Correction to: Global, regional, and national trends and patterns in physical activity research since 1950: a systematic review
Andrea Ram?rez Varela, Gloria Isabel Nino Cruz, Pedro Hallal, Cauane Blumenberg, Shana Ginar da Silva, Deborah Salvo, Rafaela Martins, Bruna Gonçalves Cordeiro da Silva, Eugen Resendiz, Maria Catalina del Portillo, Luciana Zaranza Monteiro, Selina Khoo, Kar Hau Chong, Marcelo Cozzensa da Silva, Alice Mannocci, Ding Ding, Michael Pratt
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01100-3
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 35.
The ‘Eat Well @ IGA’ healthy supermarket randomised controlled trial: process evaluation
Miranda R. Blake, Gary Sacks, Christina Zorbas, Josephine Marshall, Liliana Orellana, Amy K. Brown, Marj Moodie, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, Jaithri Ananthapavan, Fabrice Etilé, Adrian J. Cameron
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01104-z
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 36.
Successful implementation and long-term maintenance of healthy supermarkets initiatives are crucial to achieving potential population health benefits. Understanding barriers and enablers of implementation of real-world trials will enhance wide-scale implementation. This process evaluation of a healthy supermarket intervention sought to describe (i) customer, retailer and stakeholder perspectives on the intervention; (ii) intervention implementation; and (iii) implementation barriers and enablers.
A peer coach intervention in childcare centres enhances early childhood physical activity: The Active Early Learning (AEL) cluster randomised controlled trial
R. M. Telford, L. S. Olive, R. D. Telford
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01101-2
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 37.
As numbers of children and time spent in childcare centres increase, so does the potential influence of these centres on early childhood physical activity (PA). However, previous reports indicate little success of interventions aimed at improving PA. The Active Early Learning (AEL) program is a multi-component pragmatic intervention designed to imbed PA into the daily curriculum. Delivered by childcare centre staff, it is directed and supported by a peer coach who works across a network of centres. The objective of the study is to investigate the effect of the AEL program on children’s PA.
The impact of the Nutri-Score front-of-pack nutrition label on purchasing intentions of unprocessed and processed foods: post-hoc analyses from three randomized controlled trials
Manon Egnell, Pilar Galan, Morgane Fialon, Mathilde Touvier, Sandrine Péneau, Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot, Serge Hercberg, Chantal Julia
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01108-9
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 38.
The Nutri-Score summary graded front-of-pack nutrition label has been identified as an efficient tool to increase the nutritional quality of pre-packed food purchases. However, no study has been conducted to investigate the effect of the Nutri-Score on the shopping cart composition, considering the type of foods. The present paper aims to investigate the effect of the Nutri-Score on the type of food purchases, in terms of the relative contribution of unpacked and pre-packed foods, or the processing degree of foods.
Volume and accumulation patterns of physical activity and sedentary time: longitudinal changes and tracking from early to late childhood
Katherine L Downing, Trina Hinkley, Anna Timperio, Jo Salmon, Alison Carver, Dylan P Cliff, Anthony D Okely, Kylie D Hesketh
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01105-y
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 39.
Physical activity (PA) decreases and sedentary time (SED) increases across childhood, with both behaviours tracking. However, no studies have examined how accumulation patterns of PA and SED (i.e., prolonged bouts, frequency of breaks in sedentary time) change and track over time. The aim of this study was to investigate longitudinal changes in and tracking of total volume and accumulation patterns of SED, light-intensity PA (LPA), moderate-intensity PA (MPA), vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) among boys and girls.
How COVID-19 lockdown and reopening affected daily steps: evidence based on 164,630 person-days of prospectively collected data from Shanghai, China
Ding Ding, Minna Cheng, Borja del Pozo Cruz, Tao Lin, Shuangyuan Sun, Li Zhang, Qinping Yang, Zhicong Ma, Jing Wang, Yingnan Jia, Yan Shi
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01106-x
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 40.
COVID-19 lockdowns may lead to physical inactivity, a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. This study aims to determine: 1) the trajectory in daily step counts before, during and after the lockdown in China, and 2) the characteristics associated with the trajectories.
Systematic review of the correlates of outdoor play and time among children aged 3-12?years
Eun-Young Lee, Ajaypal Bains, Stephen Hunter, Alyssa Ament, Javier Brazo-Sayavera, Valerie Carson, Shawn Hakimi, Wendy Y. Huang, Ian Janssen, Mikyung Lee, Heejun Lim, Diego Augusto Santos Silva, Mark S. Tremblay
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01097-9
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 41.
Due to the myriad of benefits of children’s outdoor play and time, there is increasing concern over its decline. This systematic review synthesized evidence on the correlates of outdoor play and outdoor time among children aged 3-12?years.
Mechanisms of scaling up: combining a realist perspective and systems analysis to understand successfully scaled interventions
Harriet Koorts, Samuel Cassar, Jo Salmon, Mark Lawrence, Paul Salmon, Henry Dorling
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01103-0
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 42.
Sustainable shifts in population behaviours require system-level implementation and embeddedness of large-scale health interventions. This paper aims to understand how different contexts of scaling up interventions affect mechanisms to produce intended and unintended scale up outcomes.
Parental control and support for physical activity predict adolescents’ moderate to vigorous physical activity over five years
Radhouene Doggui, François Gallant, Mathieu Bélanger
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01107-w
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 43.
Social factors are important determinants of youth physical activity (PA), but the longitudinal association between parental behaviours and adolescent PA has not been clearly assessed. This prospective study examined average and lagged associations between perceived parental support and control with adolescents’ moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA); and assessed the independent associations between specific parental support and control behaviours and adolescents’ MVPA.
A four-year observational study to examine the dietary impact of the North Carolina Healthy Food Small Retailer Program, 2017–2020
Stephanie B. Jilcott Pitts, Qiang Wu, Kimberly P. Truesdale, Ann P. Rafferty, Lindsey Haynes-Maslow, Kathryn A. Boys, Jared T. McGuirt, Sheila Fleischhacker, Nevin Johnson, Archana P. Kaur, Ronny A. Bell, Alice S. Ammerman, Melissa N. Laska
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01109-8
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 44.
The North Carolina (NC) Healthy Food Small Retailer Program (HFSRP) was passed into law with a $250,000 appropriation (2016–2018) providing up to $25,000 in funding to small food stores for equipment to stock healthier foods and beverages. This paper describes an observational natural experiment documenting the impact of the HFSRP on store food environments, customers’ purchases and diets.
Effect of a physical activity and sleep m-health intervention on a composite activity-sleep behaviour score and mental health: a mediation analysis of two randomised controlled trials
Mitch J. Duncan, Anna T. Rayward, Elizabeth G. Holliday, Wendy J. Brown, Corneel Vandelanotte, Beatrice Murawski, Ronald C. Plotnikoff
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01112-z
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 45.
To examine if a composite activity-sleep behaviour index (ASI) mediates the effects of a combined physical activity and sleep intervention on symptoms of depression, anxiety, or stress, quality of life (QOL), energy and fatigue in adults.
What do Australian adults eat for breakfast? A latent variable mixture modelling approach for understanding combinations of foods at eating occasions
Rebecca M. Leech, Carol J. Boushey, Sarah A. McNaughton
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01115-w
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 46.
The patterning of food intake at eating occasions is a poorly understood, albeit important, step towards achieving a healthy dietary pattern. However, to capture the many permutations of food combinations at eating occasions, novel analytic approaches are required. We applied a latent variable mixture modelling (LVMM) approach to understand how foods are consumed in relation to each other at breakfast.
The effect of a one-year vigorous physical activity intervention on fitness, cognitive performance and mental health in young adolescents: the Fit to Study cluster randomised controlled trial
T. M. Wassenaar, C. M. Wheatley, N. Beale, T. Nichols, P. Salvan, A. Meaney, K. Atherton, K. Diaz-Ordaz, H. Dawes, H. Johansen-Berg
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01113-y
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 47.
Physical activity (PA) may positively stimulate the brain, cognition and mental health during adolescence, a period of dynamic neurobiological development. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) or vigorous PA interventions are time-efficient, scalable and can be easily implemented in existing school curricula, yet their effects on cognitive, academic and mental health outcomes are unclear. The primary aim of the Fit to Study trial was to investigate whether a pragmatic and scalable HIIT-style VPA intervention delivered during school physical education (PE) could improve attainment in maths. The primary outcome has previously been reported and was null. Here, we report the effect of the intervention on prespecified secondary outcomes, including cardiorespiratory fitness, cognitive performance, and mental health in young adolescents.
Selection of key indicators for European policy monitoring and surveillance for dietary behaviour, physical activity and sedentary behaviour
Lina Garnica Rosas, Gert B. M. Mensink, Jonas D. Finger, Anja Schienkiewitz, Stefanie Do, Maike Wolters, Isobel Stanley, Karim Abu Omar, Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis, Catherine B. Woods, Celine Murrin, Wolfgang Ahrens, Antje Hebestreit, on behalf of the PEN Consortium
doi : 10.1186/s12966-021-01111-0
Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2021; 18: 48.
A pan-European approach to evaluate policy impact on health behaviour requires the employment of a consensus set of established and relevant indicators.
