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Editorial Board/Reviewing Committee
doi : 10.1016/S0901-5027(21)00339-8
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Page i
Prognostic value of elective neck dissection in adenoid cystic carcinoma of head and neck: a meta-analysis: A call for randomized trials and international consensus
P.Suton1I.Luksic2
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.01.010
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1403-1407
Adenoid cystic carcinoma of head and neck (AdCCHN) is an uncommon salivary gland cancer characterized for infrequent neck metastases, and high rate of local and distant recurrence. The aim of this meta-analysis was to analyse the significance of elective neck dissection (END) in terms of overall survival (OS) in patients with AdCCHN. A systematic literature search and meta-analysis was performed. Endpoint assessed by this meta-analysis included 5-year OS (death from any cause). Statistical heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochrane Q test and I2 statistic. A pooled odds ratio (OR) was reported with 95% confidence interval (CI). There were 1934 patients in the END arm and 3083 in the observation group. The pooled OR, calculated for END vs. observation, was 0.94. Patients receiving END had similar risk for death compared to observation cohort (P = 0.76). No significant difference in final outcome after patient stratification based on T stage was identified (OR for T1/T2 1.27, P = 0.39; OR for T3/T4 0.95, P = 0.90). Observation for cN0 neck is a reasonable option in AdCCHN. These findings suggest the need for prospective trials on indications and extent of END in AdCCHN.
The accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology in the clinical diagnosis of minor salivary gland tumours
Y.Kurasawa12H.Sato12Y.Saito12T.Moriya12S.Egawa123H.Katsuta123T.Shimane123
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.02.001
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1408-1412
The objective of this study was to investigate the accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and biopsy for the clinical diagnosis of minor salivary gland tumours (MSGTs). This retrospective study of 32 MSGT cases was conducted over a 5-year period. Clinical features including age, sex, and location of the tumour were obtained from the patient clinical records. All cases were also assessed histologically according to the 2017 World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours. The results of FNAC and biopsy were correlated with those of histopathology, and their sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic efficacy were calculated using histopathology as the gold standard. Eighteen malignant MSGTs (56.3%) and 14 benign MSGTs (43.8%) were diagnosed by pathological diagnosis. The most common malignant tumour was mucoepidermoid carcinoma (seven cases, 38.9%). Most benign cases were pleomorphic adenomas (13 cases, 92.9%). FNAC was performed for 23 cases and biopsy for 13 cases. The sensitivity and specificity of FNAC were 66.7% and 91.0%, respectively, while those of biopsy were 90.0% and 100.0%, respectively. Although FNAC is a minimally invasive and cost-effective procedure, it is less accurate than biopsy in the assessment of MSGTs. Repeated FNAC or biopsy should be considered in negative and unsatisfactory FNAC cases.
A preoperative prognostic nutritional index is a prognostic indicator in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients undergoing radical surgery
Y.Watabe1K.Aoki2H.Ichikawa3H.Matsuzaki2A.Ito3J.I.Tanaka3I.Kamiyama1S.Shigematsu1
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.01.009
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1413-1421
The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of prognostic nutritional index (PNI) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients and to undertake a comparative evaluation of the prognostic value of comparing PNI, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) in terms of prognostic utility. A retrospective study was conducted involving 203 consecutive patients with OSCC who were treated with radical surgery with curative intent. The PNI and systemic inflammatory response were developed, and their prognostic utility was evaluated. Kaplan–Meier curve analysis and log-rank testing showed that PNI (P< 0.001), NLR (P=0.011), PLR (P=0.013), and LMR (P=0.014) were significantly associated with overall survival. Multivariate analysis identified PNI as an independent prognostic factor for OSCC patients (P=0.029). In time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, PNI was continuously superior to that of NLR, PLR, and LMR. In conclusion, this study suggested that PNI offered an independent prognostic biomarker in OSCC patients undergoing radical surgery. However, this study was small and retrospective, thus further investigations are needed to clarify the utility of PNI for tailor-made treatments in clinical settings.
Clinicopathologic factors associated with malignant transformation of oral leukoplakias: a retrospective cohort study
F.Jäwert12H.Pettersson3E.Jagefeldt3E.Holmberg4G.Kjeller1J.Öhman3
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.01.012
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1422-1428
It is clinically challenging to identify oral leukoplakias that have a high risk of undergoing malignant transformation. The aim of this retrospective study was to elucidate the associations between malignant transformation of oral leukoplakias and various clinicopathologic factors. Patients with a diagnosis of clinical oral leukoplakia, verified through histopathologic examination and with access to digital images of the lesion, were retrospectively included for the period 2003–2013. Using the clinical images, all lesions were re-evaluated regarding diagnosis and clinical subtype. Of the 234 included patients, with a median follow-up of 9 years, 27 (11.5%) developed oral squamous cell carcinoma. Among the clinicopathologic factors investigated, non-homogeneous oral leukoplakia (OL), OL with dysplasia, and OL localized to the tongue showed statistically significant increased rates of malignant transformation in the multivariate Cox regression analysis. Non-homogeneous OL showed a 15.2-times higher transformation rate than homogenous OL (P < 0.001). Dysplastic leukoplakias developed into carcinomas 2.4-times more often than did non-dysplastic leukoplakias (P = 0.048). OL located on the tongue showed a 2.8-times higher malignant transformation rate than OLs at other oral locations (P = 0.018), when other locations were combined into one group. Non-homogeneous OL, OL with dysplasia, and OL localized to the tongue have higher transformation rates.
Three-dimensional morphological analysis of neocondyle bone growth after fibula free flap reconstruction
Y.YuH.Y.SohS.BaiW.-B.ZhangY.WangX.Peng
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.03.005
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1429-1434
The aim of this retrospective study was to verify the three-dimensional morphological change in neocondyle bone growth after fibula free flap (FFF) reconstruction. The independent variables were age, sex, and diagnosis. Outcome variables included the direction and volume of neocondyle bone growth, and the time to a stable neocondyle following bone growth. The outcome variables were measured on postoperative computed tomography scans using iPlan 3.0. Of the 35 patients included, 25 showed neocondyle bone growth. The direction of neocondyle bone growth included the direction of lateral pterygoid traction (DLPT) and the direction towards the glenoid fossa (DGF). The bone growth of the neocondyle showed three patterns: only DLPT (eight patients), only DGF (two patients), and a combination of DLPT and DGF (15 patients). The average volume of bone growth in the 25 patients was 0.479?±?0.380?cm3. The average volume of neocondyle bone growth was significantly greater in patients aged <18 years (0.746?±?0.346?cm3) than in patients aged >18 years (0.219?±?0.191?cm3) (P?<?0.001). The time to a stable neocondyle following bone growth was 5.6 months postoperatively. In conclusion, neocondyle bone growth after FFF reconstruction occurred in two different directions, DLPT and DGF. Osteogenesis of the lateral pterygoid muscle affects neocondyle growth with DLPT. Neocondyle bone growth is more marked in paediatric patients than in adults.
Use of facial vein graft with vascularized composite auricular helical rim flap for alar rim defects
L.ZhengS.LiuX.LvY.Shi
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.02.022
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1435-1439
Nasal alar defects lead to facial disfigurement, and nasal ala reconstruction is an important treatment option. The vascularized composite auricular flap based on the superficial temporal artery is an ideal option for a full-thickness nasal alar defect. However, the pedicle length and the discrepancy in artery diameter between the recipient vessel and flap pedicle continue to be major problems for free auricular composite tissue transfer. Considering that the angular artery is occasionally absent and the course of the infraorbital segment of the facial vein is constant, there are often no suitable vessels around the recipient site for anastomoses to the short pedicle of the flap. In the absence of a suitable recipient artery, an infraorbital segment of the facial vein measuring 2.5 cm in length was taken as a graft for the anastomosis of the superficial temporal artery and superior labial artery. End-to-end anastomosis was performed easily. The flap was inset to reconstruct the contralateral ala. The facial vein graft for anastomosis of the superficial temporal artery and branch of the facial artery is a reliable and easy method to resolve the problem of a short pedicle and large artery discrepancy for nasal ala reconstruction with a vascularized composite helical rim flap.
Technique for modified transantral orbital decompression for improved cosmesis in stable thyroid eye disease
J.E.Lu1M.Bergman12M.A.Burnstine12
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.02.006
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1440-1442
Functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of exophthalmos in stable thyroid eye disease (TED) can be achieved with a variety of surgical approaches. This article illustrates modifications of the classic transantral technique to provide a graded orbital decompression and achieve improved cosmesis. A retrospective chart review was performed of stable TED patients who elected to undergo the modified transantral decompression; illustrative cases are described. This modified transantral orbital decompression allows for graded orbital decompression surgery, adding to the range of treatment options for stable TED patients.
Detection of facial landmarks by a convolutional neural network in patients with oral and maxillofacial disease
M.Ding1Y.Kang1Z.Yuan2X.Shan1Z.Cai1
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.01.002
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1443-1449
Facial nerve dysfunction is common in patients with Bell’s palsy, trauma, tumour, or iatrogenic injuries. Imaging assessment is the most convenient method for patients and their treating physician. With developments in artificial intelligence (AI), manual work will be replaced. In this study, a database of facial images of patients with oral and maxillofacial diseases was set up to develop a facial nerve functional assessment system based on AI. This database was then used to evaluate the accuracy of a state-of-the-art algorithm for facial landmark detection named ‘HRNet’. Utilizing this database and with appropriate human intervention, HRNet was used in facial annotation. The accuracy of annotations was evaluated through the normalized mean error. A total of 912 images were collected from 300 people; 546 of these images had abnormal features including defects, swelling, scars, or facial paralysis. The accuracy for the abnormal group was lower than that for the normal group before and after training, but improvements in accuracy were identified in both groups post-training. In conclusion, this new database demonstrates the ability of HRNet to localize facial landmarks in patients with oral and maxillofacial diseases. More images for training should be added to this database to diversify it in the future.
Complications after different methods for fixation of mandibular angle fractures: network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
S.G.M.Falci1G.M.de Souza1I.A.Fernandes1E.L.Galvão1E.A.Al-Moraissi2
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.02.009
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1450-1463
The aim of this review was to compare mandibular angle fracture fixation methods that were evaluated through randomized clinical trials considering postoperative complications. Additionally, different treatment methods were ranked based on their performance. A systematic review was performed based on the Cochrane and PRISMA guidelines. The quality of evidence and network meta-analysis were conducted using the GRADE tool and R software, respectively. Four databases were searched, and the papers were selected based on the PICOS strategy. A total of 3584 papers were found. After screening 15 papers were included. One plate placed on lateral border (tension zone) presented lower risk than one plate placed on superior border (tension zone) for infection [risk ratio (RR): 0.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.33 to 0.71] and plate removal necessity (RR: 0.44, 95% CI: 0.28 to 0.69), with moderate quality of evidence. There were no significant differences among the mandibular angle fracture treatments for malocclusion and paraesthesia outcomes. In conclusion, one plate placed on the lateral border in the tension zone is the best choice regarding postoperative infection and plate removal necessity when fixing mandibular angle fractures. None of the tested fixation methods were associated with a significant risk of malocclusion and paraesthesia events.
Real-time screening tool for identifying post-traumatic stress disorder in facial trauma patients in a UK maxillofacial trauma clinic
K.Howson1E.Yeung1L.Rayner2K.Fan13
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.01.022
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1464-1470
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a distressing consequence of a traumatic event associated with an increased suicide risk and reduced quality of life. Surgeons often have low confidence in identifying psychological problems. The prevalence of PTSD following facial trauma ranges from 23% to 41%. This highlights the importance of identifying and managing at-risk patients to optimize both mental and physical recovery. IMPARTS (Integrating Mental and Physical healthcare: Research, Training and Services) provides electronic screening tools to guide the non-mental health clinician in the ‘real-time’ identification, documentation, and management of potential mental health problems. The bespoke IMPARTS facial trauma screening tool was piloted in a UK oral and maxillofacial surgery trauma clinic from July 2015 to November 2017. A total of 199 patients completed screening, with 48 (24%) screening positive for possible PTSD. Further analysis of these 48 patients revealed that four (8%) had PTSD symptoms alone; three (6%) also screened positive for depression, 17 (35%) for co-existing symptoms of anxiety, and 24 (50%) for PTSD, anxiety, and depression. IMPARTS was found to be a highly effective tool aiding the non-mental health clinician to screen for PTSD and initiate prompt management. The data captured informs planning of the psychological support service.
Extracraniofacial anomalies in Treacher Collins syndrome: A multicentre study of 248 patients
C.A.BeaumontaD.J.DunawaybB.L.PadwacC.ForrestdM.J.KoudstaalabcC.J.J.M.Caronab
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.03.001
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1471-1476
Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) is a congenital malformation of the craniofacial structures derived from the first and second pharyngeal arches. The craniofacial deformities are well described in the literature. However, little is known about whether there are associated extracraniofacial anomalies. A retrospective study was conducted using data from four craniofacial units. Medical charts were reviewed for the presence and type of extracraniofacial anomalies, as well as age at diagnosis. A possible correlation between the severity of the phenotype and the presence of extracraniofacial anomalies was assessed using the Hayashi classification. A total of 248 patients with TCS were identified; 240 were confirmed to have TCS, of whom 61 (25.4%) were diagnosed with one or more extracraniofacial anomalies. Ninety-five different extracraniofacial anomalies were found; vertebral (n = 32) and cardiac (n = 13) anomalies were most frequently seen, followed by reproductive system (n = 11), central nervous system (n = 7), and limb (n = 7) anomalies. No correlations between tracts were found. Extracraniofacial anomalies were more prevalent in these patients with TCS compared to the general population (25.4% vs 0.001–2%, respectively). Furthermore, a positive trend was seen between the severity of the syndrome and the presence of extracraniofacial anomalies. A full clinical examination should be performed on any new TCS patient to detect any extracraniofacial anomalies on first encounter with the craniofacial team.
New method for quantification of the relative severity and (a)symmetry of isolated metopic synostosis
O.D.M.Kronig1S.A.J.Kronig1H.A.Vrooman23J.F.Veenland23L.N.A.Van Adrichem1
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.03.003
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1477-1484
Trigonocephaly is the result of premature fusion of the metopic suture and its severity can vary widely. However, there is no gold standard for quantification of the severity. This study was performed to quantify severity using the Utrecht Cranial Shape Quantifier (UCSQ) and to assess forehead symmetry. Nineteen preoperative non-syndromic trigonocephaly patients (age ?1 year) were included for the analysis of severity and symmetry. Severity according to the UCSQ was based on the following combined variables: forehead width and relative skull elongation. The UCSQ was compared to the most established quantification methods. A high correlation was found between the UCSQ and visual score (r = 0.71). Moderate to negligible correlation was found between the UCSQ and frontal angle, binocular distance, inter-ocular distance, and frontal stenosis. Additionally, correlation between the visual score and these established quantification methods was negligible. Assessment of the frontal peak (a)symmetry (ratio of right to left triangle area in the curve) showed a mean right versus left triangle area ratio of 1.4 (range 0.9–2.4). The results suggest that the UCSQ is appropriate for the quantification of severity based on the high correlation with clinical judgement. Furthermore, a larger triangle area right than left was unexpectedly found, indicating forehead asymmetry.
The efficacy of intra-articular injectable platelet-rich fibrin application in the management of Wilkes stage III temporomandibular joint internal derangement
D.TorulB.CezairliK.Kahveci
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.03.004
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1485-1490
The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the effectiveness of hyaluronic acid (HA) and injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF) in the management of Wilkes stage III internal derangement, and to evaluate the biosupplementation capacity of i-PRF. The records of all 54 relevant patients with Wilkes stage III internal derangement confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging and treated with arthrocentesis alone or in combination with HA or i-PRF were selected. The outcome variables were pain intensity at rest (VASr) and in function (VASf), evaluated with a visual analogue scale, and maximum mouth opening (MMO), evaluated in millimetres; assessments were made preoperatively, immediately after the procedure, and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively. When compared to the HA and arthrocentesis groups, the i-PRF group showed significantly better improvements in MMO at 1 and 3 months (P = 0.024 and P = 0.006, respectively), VASr at 1 and 3 months (both P < 0.001), and VASf at 1 week (P = 0.019) and 1 and 3 months (both P < 0.001) postoperatively. In all groups, better MMO, VASr, and VASf values were observed compared to the preoperative status. The application of i-PRF after arthrocentesis is more effective than arthrocentesis alone or with HA in the short term. HA was found not to provide significant additional benefits over arthrocentesis alone.
Hearing changes after temporomandibular joint arthroscopy: a prospective study
D.F.Ângelo12A.Moreira3D.Sanz1R.São João45
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.02.013
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1491-1495
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) arthroscopy is considered an effective and safe minimally invasive surgical approach. While the long-term outcomes of arthroscopy tend to be positive and free of secondary effects, patients occasionally complain about their hearing following the treatment. The aim of this prospective study was to investigate possible hearing changes associated with TMJ arthroscopy. Pure-tone audiograms were performed in patients two weeks before TMJ arthroscopy and repeated six weeks after intervention. A total of 15 patients (mean age of 41.73 ± 16.36) were enrolled; 25 TMJ arthroscopies were performed (five unilateral and ten bilateral). Statistically significant differences were found between preoperative and postoperative audiograms in the frequencies 256 Hz (P = 0.011) and 8 kHz (P = 0.058, borderline). For the frequency 256 Hz the difference was favourable, but not superior to 5 dB. For the frequency 8 kHz, in three patients the TMJ arthroscopy resulted in a decrease of 10 dB. However, no clinical hearing changes or complaints were observed in the involved patients. No differences in audiograms between level 1 or 2 arthroscopy were observed. The study reinforces the safety of the TMJ arthroscopy level 1 and 2 with the reported protocol. The authors recommend larger studies to validate the results, specially for frequency 8 kHz.
Study on the lateral pterygoid muscle status after artificial temporomandibular joint replacement
Y.Q.Zhong1Q.Sun2aD.M.He1L.X.Zou1aC.Lu1
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.03.008
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1496-1501
The purpose of this study was to explore the status of the lateral pterygoid muscle (LPM) after detachment in artificial temporomandibular joint replacement (TJR) surgery. Patient clinical and computed tomography imaging data were collected before and after unilateral artificial TJR with LPM detachment. The volume of the LPM on the operated and unoperated sides was measured before and after surgery (at 1, 3, 6, 12 months) using ProPlan CMF 3.0 software. The volumes of the LPM on both sides, the patient’s mandibular movements, quality of life (QoL), and pain and diet scores (visual analogue scales) were evaluated and compared at the different follow-up stages. Ten patients were included in the study. After surgery, the volume of the operated LPM was significantly reduced to 60.78% at 3 months (P = 0.007), and gradually stabilized to 51.58% at 6 months (P = 0.025) and 54.68% at 1 year postoperative (P = 0.002). There were no significant LPM volume changes on the unoperated side (P = 0.67). Lateral movement of the operated joint was significantly reduced (P = 0.021) and correlated with the LPM volume change after surgical detachment (P = 0.042). The LPM shrank after detachment in the artificial TJR surgery and the muscle detachment affected the movement of the replaced joint.
Short implants (?6 mm) as an alternative treatment option to maxillary sinus lift
P.CarosiaC.LorenziaF.LioaM.LauretibN.FerrignobC.Arcuric
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.02.014
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1502-1510
The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate survival rate of short dental implants placed in the posterior area of the maxilla. The electronic literature search of studies published between January 1, 2010 and February 29, 2020 was performed using specific word combinations. The outcome was to meta-analyse the implant survival rate (ISR). The search generated 238 potential studies. After screening procedures, only nine randomized controlled trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were selected for qualitative and quantitative analysis. ISR of short implants ranged from 91.9% to 100%, while standard-length implants ISR ranged from 82.9% to 100% with a follow-up from 1 to 5 years in function. The risk ratio difference was 1.24 (95% confidence interval: 0.63–2.45, P = 0.52) for short dental implants failure when compared with standard dental implants, and was not statistically significant. Based on the evidence of the included studies, short implants (?6 mm) reported high survival rates over short to medium follow-up in posterior maxilla, but the long-term success is as yet not demonstrated.
Staged autogenous calvarial bone grafting and dental implants placement in the management of oligodontia: a retrospective study of 20 patients over a 12-year period
A.Laventure12G.Raoul123R.Nicot123J.Ferri123L.Lauwers124
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.01.014
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1511-1520
Oligodontia demands multidisciplinary management due to its repercussions on dentofacial growth. To place implants to realize implant-borne fixed denture, preimplant surgery may be necessary if bone volumes are insufficient. Our aim was to assess bone increase following autogenic bone grafting and to discuss prosthetic options. Twenty patients followed for oligodontia, who underwent bone grafting, were treated from 2008 to 2019. Transversal and vertical bone levels were measured pre- and postoperatively to assess alveolar ridge augmentation. Mean horizontal grafting increase was 4.60 mm [standard deviation (SD) 0.79 mm], mean sinus lift increase was 9.95 mm (SD 2.35 mm). Mean implants placed per patient was 9, mean implants placed on grafted site was 5 per patient. Overall implant survival rate was 100%. All patients benefited from prosthetic procedures when it was planned to perform implant-borne fixed dentures. Within the framework of a complete treatment plan (involving paediatric dentistry, dentofacial orthopaedics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, and prosthodontics), autologous bone grafting combined or not with orthognathic surgery is fully adapted to patients with oligodontia. It allows reconstruction of favourable bone volumes for placement of implants to realize implant-borne fixed dentures, with high implant survival rates and great improvements to quality of life.
Immediate implant placement in edentulous oral cancer patients: a long-term retrospective analysis of 207 patients
J.G.H.Wetzels12G.J.Meijer1A.F.J.de Haan3M.A.W.Merkx14C.M.Speksnijder125
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.01.015
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1521-1528
Although the functional benefits of implants in the rehabilitation of edentulous cancer patients are well-known, most studies report on postponed implant placement. The outcome of immediate implant placement regarding successful rehabilitation, implant loading and survival is unclear. Two hundred and seven edentulous oral cancer patients that received implants during ablative surgery at the Radboud University Medical Centre between 2000 and 2011 were included. Data regarding the oncological treatment, implant placement, follow-up and prosthodontic rehabilitation were recorded retrospectively with a follow-up period of 5–17 years. Functioning implant-retained dentures were made in 73.9% of the patients. Of the surviving patients, 81.9% had functioning dentures after 2 years and 86.3% after 10 years. Patients with ASA score 1 and younger patients were rehabilitated more frequently. The median time of functioning denture placement was 336 days after surgery, with a negative influence of postoperative radiotherapy. Implant survival was 90.7%, and was lower when the implant was placed in a jaw involved in the tumour. Immediate implant placement during oral cancer surgery led to a high number of edentulous patients rehabilitated with implant-retained dentures, which are placed at an early time.
Major head and neck surgery as a risk factor for postoperative atrial fibrillation
A.Ramasamy
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.02.016
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1529-1530
Response to “Major head and neck surgery as a risk factor for postoperative atrial fibrillation”
A.M.WeyhC.S.ElayiJ.N.CatanzaroK.EsmailM.YekikianA.M.BunnellR.P.Fernandes
doi : 10.1016/j.ijom.2021.02.017
Volume 50, Issue 11, November 2021, Pages 1530-1531
