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Magnetic resonance imaging determination of tissue sodium in patients with chronic kidney disease
Kylie Martin,Sven-Jean Tan,Nigel D. Toussaint
doi : 10.1111/nep.13975
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 117-125
Excess sodium is a major modifiable contributor to hypertension and cardiovascular risk. Knowledge of sodium storage and metabolism has derived mainly from indirect measurements of dietary sodium intake and urinary sodium excretion, however both attempt to measure body sodium and fluid in a two-compartment model of intracellular and extracellular spaces. Our understanding of total body sodium has recently included a storage pool in tissues. In the last two decades, sodium-23 magnetic resonance imaging (23Na MRI) has allowed dynamic quantification of tissue sodium in vivo. Tissue sodium is independently associated with cardiovascular dysfunction and inflammation. This review explores (i) The revolution of our understanding of sodium physiology, (ii) The development and potential clinical adoption of 23Na MRI to provide improved measurement of total body sodium in CKD and (iii) How we can better understand mechanistic and clinical implications of tissue sodium in hypertension, cardiovascular disease and immune dysregulation, especially in the CKD population.
Renoprotection with sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in children: Knowns and unknowns
Buchun Jiang,Zhiwen Cheng,Fei Liu,Qiuyu Li,Haidong Fu,Jianhua Mao
doi : 10.1111/nep.13979
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 126-132
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors represent novel hypoglycemic drugs for the treatment of adult diabetes that have shown considerable potential for cardioprotection and renoprotection. This new drug can inhibit SGLT2 at the proximal tubule, increase glucosuria and natriuresis, and thus decreases the serum glucose level and blood pressure. Furthermore, the tubuloglomerular feedback activated by the natriuresis can decrease glomerular hyperfiltration, acknowledged as the main foundation of renoprotection. Several studies have confirmed the protective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors on the kidneys of adult diabetic patients and those with non-diabetic nephropathy; however, limited researches are seen in paediatric patients. In this review, we have summarized the mechanisms of action of SGLT2 inhibitors, the current experiences in adults, results of exploratory studies in children, and adverse events & obstacles of paediatric use. We further explore the potential and possible future research direction of SGLT2 inhibitors in paediatric diseases.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis patients: A scoping review
Benjamin K. A. Thomson,Stephen Vaughan,Bogdan Momciu
doi : 10.1111/nep.13997
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 133-144
The clinical syndrome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) peritoneal dialysis (PD) peritonitis is poorly understood. Whether local tuberculosis (TB) patterns modify the clinical syndrome, and what factors associate with poor outcomes is also unknown.
Acute kidney injury referred to the nephrologist: A single centre experience in a tertiary care hospital
Valentina Pistolesi,Federica Artegiani,Anteo Di Napoli,Laura Zeppilli,Francesca Santoboni,Sara Somma,Francesca Di Mario,Giuseppe Regolisti,Enrico Fiaccadori,Santo Morabito
doi : 10.1111/nep.14005
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 145-154
Acute kidney injury (AKI) shows an increasing incidence, accounting for a remarkable proportion of nephrology team in-hospital activity. The aim was to describe main features and outcomes of AKI observed in patients admitted to a tertiary care hospital.
The efficacy and safety of hydroxychloroquine in pregnant patients with IgA nephropathy: A retrospective cohort study
Chen Tang,Feng-Lei Si,Yu-Xuan Yao,Ji-Cheng Lv,Su-Fang Shi,Yu-Qing Chen,Li-Jun Liu,Hong Zhang
doi : 10.1111/nep.13991
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 155-161
Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is used to control proteinuria in IgA Nephropathy (IgAN) However, its efficacy and safety in pregnant IgAN patients remains unknown. This study aimed to verify the safety of HCQ in pregnant IgAN patients and compare renal function and pregnancy outcomes with those of patients not treated with HCQ.
Association between estimated GFR and incident hypoglycaemia during hospitalization
Israel Khanimov,Boris Zingerman,Asher Korzetz,Mona Boaz,Mordechai Shimonov,Julio Wainstein,Eyal Leibovitz
doi : 10.1111/nep.13984
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 162-170
Kidney function is a significant factor associated with increased incidence of hypoglycaemia, especially among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). We here quantified the association between elevated creatinine and incident hypoglycaemia among patients admitted to internal medicine departments, with and without DM.
Demographics and long-term outcomes of children with end-stage kidney disease: A 20-year territory-wide study
Eugene Yu Hin Chan,Desmond Yat Hin Yap,Wilfred Hing Sang Wong,Tsz Wai Ho,Pak Chiu Tong,Wai Ming Lai,Tak Mao Chan,Alison Lap Tak Ma
doi : 10.1111/nep.14007
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 171-180
To evaluate the demographics and long-term patient outcomes of children with end-stage kidney disease in Hong Kong.
An echocardiography-derived calcium score as a predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events in peritoneal dialysis patients—A prospective cohort study
Ho-Kwan Sin,Ping-Nam Wong,Kin-Yee Lo,Man-Wai Lo,Shuk-Fan Chan,Kwok-Chi Lo,Yuk-Yi Wong,Lo-Yi Ho,Wing-Tung Kwok,Kai-Chun Chan,Andrew Kui-Man Wong,Siu-Ka Mak
doi : 10.1111/nep.13977
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 181-189
An echocardiography-derived calcium score (ECS) has been shown to predict cardiovascular (CV) mortality in the general population but has not been utilized in the dialysis population.
Anxiety and psychosocial impact during coronavirus disease 2019 in home dialysis patients
Michael J. Davis,Khaled A. Alqarni,Margaret E. McGrath-Chong,Joanne M. Bargman,Christopher T. Chan
doi : 10.1111/nep.13978
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 190-194
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) resulting in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is documented to have a negative psychosocial impact on patients. Home dialysis patients may be at risk of additional isolating factors affecting their mental health. The aim of this study is to describe levels of anxiety and quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic among home dialysis patients. This is a single-centre survey of home dialysis patients in Toronto, Ontario. Surveys were sent to 98 home haemodialysis and 43 peritoneal dialysis patients. Validated instruments (Haemodialysis and Peritoneal Dialysis Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire, Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 Item [GAD7] Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9], Illness Intrusiveness Ratings Scale, Family APGAR Questionnaire and The Self Perceived Burden Scale) assessing well-being were used. Forty of the 141 patients surveyed, participated in September 2020. The mean age was 53.1?±?12.1?years, with 60% male, and 85% home haemodialysis, 80% of patients rated their satisfaction with dialysis at 8/10 or greater, 82% of respondents reported either “not at all” or “for several days” indicating frequency of anxiety and depressive symptoms, 79% said their illness minimally or moderately impacted their life, 76% of respondents were almost always satisfied with interactions with family members, 91% were never or sometimes worried about caregiver burden. Among our respondents, there was no indication of a negative psychosocial impact from the pandemic, despite the increased social isolation. Our data further supports the use of home dialysis as the optimal form of dialysis.
Consequences of the first and second COVID-19 wave on kidney transplant recipients at a large Indian transplant centre
Vivek B. Kute,Hari Shankar Meshram,Vijay V. Navadiya,Sanshriti Chauhan,Dev D. Patel,Sudeep N. Desai,Nauka Shah,Ruchir B. Dave,Subho Banerjee,Divyesh P. Engineer,Himanshu V. Patel,Syed Jamal Rizvi,Vineet V. Mishra
doi : 10.1111/nep.13961
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 195-207
There is a scarcity of data comparing the consequences of first and second COVID-19 waves on kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) in India.
The lectin pathway does not contribute to glomerular injury in the nephrotoxic nephritis model
Simon J. Freeley,El Li Tham,Michael G. Robson
doi : 10.1111/nep.13988
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 208-214
Rapidly progressive crescentic glomerulonephritis occurs in number systemic and primary glomerular diseases, including anti-glomerular basement membrane disease, anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody vasculitis and lupus nephritis. Our understanding of pathogenic mechanisms comes from animal models of disease such as the nephrotoxic nephritis model. The lectin pathway of complement activation has been shown to play a key role in several models of inflammation including renal ischaemia reperfusion. However, the lectin pathway is not required for crescentic glomerulonephritis in the anti-myeloperoxidase model of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody vasculitis. The aim of the current study was to explore the role of the lectin pathway in the nephrotoxic nephritis model, which is another model of crescentic glomerulonephritis.
Onset of pleuroperitoneal communication detected by remote patient monitoring
Shigeki Kojima,Emiko Okuyama,Yugo Shibagaki,Tsutomu Sakurada
doi : 10.1111/nep.13946
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 215-216
The successful use of rituximab in crescentic IgA nephropathy with concurrent ANCA positivity
Sarah L. Tan,Tessa Potezny,Jordan Y. Li
doi : 10.1111/nep.13950
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 216-217
Campylobacter jejuni cyst infection in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
Ezekiel Kingston,Isaline Goemaere,Michael Kvopka,Sarah Coghill,Sanjeev Baweja
doi : 10.1111/nep.13956
Volume 27, Issue 2 p. 217-218
