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Checking for update…living systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines in the BJD
Z.Z.N. Yiu, C.-C. Chi, J.R. Ingram, C. Flohr
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20896
The future is hard to predict, even for patients with cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Petter Gjersvik
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21291
Content validity of five single-item instruments in adolescents with alopecia areata
Toni M. Klein
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21292
Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease characterized by nonscarring hair loss and has comorbidity with other autoimmune disease and mental conditions.1 Global lifetime prevalence is estimated to be 2%,1 with higher rates among children and adolescents.2 Patients with AA often have significantly impaired health-related quality of life, especially in psychosocial domains.3 Assessment of the patient perspective in healthcare has received increased attention in recent years. With patient-reported outcomes measurements (PROMs), the patients’ perspective on their health status can be incorporated in research and clinical practice.
Topical application of lipids to correct abnormalities in the epidermal lipid barrier
Alexandra C. Kendall, Anna Nicolaou
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21294
An efficient epidermal barrier is dependent on the production of a stratum corneum (SC) lipid matrix with the correct abundance and composition of different lipid classes – primarily ceramides, cholesterol and free fatty acids.1 Altered SC lipid production has been implicated in the aetiology of many skin conditions, including atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, dry skin and even skin ageing.2 Changes in the relative abundance of different lipids, and reductions in the chain length of ceramides and free fatty acids alter the lamellar organization and packing of the SC lipid matrix, leading to impaired barrier function.1, 3 Therefore, interventions correcting SC lipid abnormalities have the potential to improve epidermal barrier function and the symptoms associated with a number of skin conditions.
The importance of accurate epidemiological data of epidermolysis bullosa
Rosalie Baardman, Maria C. Bolling
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21295
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of rare and currently incurable inherited disorders characterized by fragility of the skin and mucous membranes. It has a major impact on affected persons, their families and caregivers, and healthcare systems.1 Reliable epidemiological data, based on well-characterized cohorts, are important for rare diseases like EB.2 These data provide insight into the need for care and costs in the specific country, make it possible to identify epidemiological trends, and are invaluable for the design and execution of clinical trials and to estimate the number of patients who might benefit from a certain therapy.
The prevalence of hidradenitis suppurativa outside the hospital setting: the impact of the undiagnosed
Niamh Kearney, Brian Kirby
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21293
Patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) experience a significant delay from disease onset to diagnosis, estimated globally at 7·2 years.1 This is related to multiple factors including under-recognition by doctors, embarrassment and stigma associated with the disease, and socioeconomic barriers.1-3 Global prevalence estimates vary widely, from as low as 0·1% up to 4% in one European study.4-6 This wide-ranging prevalence estimate is likely to be due to the different methodologies employed in studies, including the use of population and healthcare databases and both validated and nonvalidated screening questionnaires with and without clinical diagnostic confirmation. The use of healthcare insurance databases probably underestimates the prevalence due to socioeconomic healthcare barriers and diagnostic delay affecting patients with HS, while nonvalidated screening questionnaires without clinical confirmation may overestimate the prevalence.
Polygenic risk scores for melanoma: a stepwise process towards clinical implementation
Marlies Wakkee
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21296
Early detection of melanoma or, even better, preventing melanoma by educating and stimulating sun-protective behaviour, are still essential steps to reducing its global burden. However, evidence is insufficient to demonstrate the benefit of population-based screening by total body skin examination.1 Potentially, focusing the screening on high-risk individuals may be cost effective. Clinical implementation of polygenic risk scores (PRSs) is increasingly mentioned to facilitate this identification of high-risk individuals (i.e. genetic risk stratification).
Janus kinase inhibitors for hidradenitis suppurativa: expanding the therapeutic toolbox
Cathryn Sibbald, Raed Alhusayen
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21297
In this issue of the BJD, Alavi et al. report two multicentre phase II trials designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of the Janus kinase (JAK)1 inhibitor INCB054707 in patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa (HS).1 Treatment of patients with HS can be challenging, with variable and unpredictable responses to available treatments and no single universally effective agent.2, 3 There is also increasing evidence for JAK inhibitors, which inhibit the signalling of many of these cytokines through the JAK family of receptors, for other inflammatory dermatoses including psoriasis and atopic dermatitis.4
An accurate diagnosis of dermal CD8+ lymphoproliferative disorders requires clinicopathological and immunophenotypic correlation
Alejandro A. Gru
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21299
Cutaneous lymphomas are diagnostically challenging from a clinical and pathological perspective. Most cases are CD4+, and the CD8+ lymphoproliferative disorders (LPDs) in the skin are largely accounted for by mycosis fungoides (typically paediatric and hypopigmented lesions), lymphomatoid papulosis (types D and E) and cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma.1, 2 In 2007, Petrella et al.3 reported the occurrence of a group of LPDs in acral locations (nose, ears and toes/fingers) with a CD8+ phenotype and a benign clinical behaviour. The term ‘indolent CD8+ lymphoid proliferation of the ear’ was proposed, and was later confusingly changed to ‘cutaneous acral CD8+ T-cell lymphoma’ (CD8+ ATCL), in the updated World Health Organization–European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) classification of haematopoietic neoplasms (2018).2 This entity was originally mistakenly perceived by many to be the CD8+ variant of the so-called small-to-medium CD4+ T-cell lymphoma, an entity now believed to be a form of pseudolymphoma.
Is heat shock protein 90 inhibition a relevant treatment strategy for psoriasis?
Hervé Bachelez
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21298
Over recent decades, several targeted therapies – biologics and small molecules – have been successfully developed and approved for the treatment of moderate-to-severe psoriasis vulgaris. This intense development has been driven by compelling evidence for the major pathogenic contributions of key inflammatory effector cytokines such as tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α and the interleukin (IL)-23–IL-17 family axis.1 Among the key regulators of TNF-α- and IL-17-driven inflammatory pathways lies heat shock protein (HSP)90, a protein playing major functions in physiology and in carcinogenesis.2
The biological basis of disease recurrence in psoriasis: a historical perspective and current models
LluÃs Puig, Antonio Costanzo, Ernesto J. Muñoz-ElÃas, Maria Jazra, Sven Wegner, Carle F. Paul, Curdin Conrad
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20963
Antivascular endothelial growth factor-A therapy: a novel personalized treatment approach for psoriasis
Andrea Luengas-Martinez, Ralf Paus, Helen S. Young
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20940
Global Guidelines in Dermatology Mapping Project (GUIDEMAP), a systematic review of atopic dermatitis clinical practice guidelines: are they clear, unbiased, trustworthy and evidence based (CUTE)?
Bernd W.M. Arents, Esther J. van Zuuren, Sofieke Vermeulen, Jan W. Schoones, Zbys Fedorowicz
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20972
Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are essential in delivering optimum healthcare, such as for atopic dermatitis (AD), a highly prevalent skin disease. Although many CPGs are available for AD, their quality has not been critically appraised.
Janus kinase 1 inhibitor INCB054707 for patients with moderate-to-severe hidradenitis suppurativa: results from two phase II studies
Afsaneh Alavi, Iltefat Hamzavi, Kurt Brown, Leandro L. Santos, Zhaoyin Zhu, Huiqing Liu, Michael D. Howell, Joslyn S. Kirby
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20969
New insights in hidradenitis suppurativa from a population-based Dutch cohort: prevalence, smoking behaviour, socioeconomic status and comorbidities
Lisette M. Prens, Klasiena Bouwman, Lisa D. Troelstra, Errol P. Prens, Behrooz Z. Alizadeh, Barbara Horváth
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20954
Independent evaluation of melanoma polygenic risk scores in UK and Australian prospective cohorts
Julia Steinberg, Mark M. Iles, Jin Yee Lee, Xiaochuan Wang, Matthew H. Law, Amelia K. Smit, Tu Nguyen-Dumont, Graham G. Giles, Melissa C. Southey, Roger L. Milne, Graham J. Mann, D. Timothy Bishop, Robert J. MacInnis, Anne E. Cust
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20956
Validation of four cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma staging systems using nationwide data
Zoe Claire Venables, Selin Tokez, Loes M. Hollestein, Antien L. Mooyaart, Renate Ruth van den Bos, Brian Rous, Irene M. Leigh, Tamar Nijsten, Marlies Wakkee
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20909
The epidemiology of epidermolysis bullosa in England and Wales: data from the national epidermolysis bullosa database
Gabriela Petrof, Maria Papanikolaou, Anna E. Martinez, Jemima E. Mellerio, John A. McGrath, Ajoy Bardhan, Natasha Harper, Adrian Heagerty, Malobi Ogboli, Christopher Chiswell, Celia Moss
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20958
A qualitative interview study to explore adolescents’ experience of alopecia areata and the content validity of sign/symptom patient-reported outcome measures
Jake Macey, Helen Kitchen, Natalie V.J. Aldhouse, Emily Edson-Heredia, Russel Burge, Apurva Prakash, Brett A. King, Natasha Mesinkovska
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20904
HSP90 inhibitor RGRN-305 for oral treatment of plaque-type psoriasis: efficacy, safety and biomarker results in an open-label proof-of-concept study
A. Bregnhøj, K.K.H. Thuesen, T. Emmanuel, T. Litman, C.L. Grek, G.S. Ghatnekar, C. Johansen, L. Iversen
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20880
Enhancement of stratum corneum lipid structure improves skin barrier function and protects against irritation in adults with dry, eczema-prone skin
Simon G. Danby, Paul V. Andrew, Linda J. Kay, Abigail Pinnock, John Chittock, Kirsty Brown, Samuel F. Williams, Michael J. Cork
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20955
Clinical, histopathological and prognostic features of primary cutaneous acral CD8+ T-cell lymphoma and other dermal CD8+ cutaneous lymphoproliferations: results of an EORTC Cutaneous Lymphoma Group workshop
Werner Kempf, Tony Petrella, Rein Willemze, Patty Jansen, Emilio Berti, Marco Santucci, Eva Geissinger, Lorenzo Cerroni, Eve Maubec, Maxime Battistella, John Goodlad, Emmanuella Guenova, Katariina Lappalainen, Annamari Ranki, Paul Craig, Eduardo Calonje, Blanca Martin, Sean Whittaker, Ilske Oschlies, Ulrike Wehkamp, Jan P. Nicolay, Marion Wobser, Julia Scarisbruck, Nicola Pimpinelli, Rudi Stadler, Katrin Kerl French, Pietro Quaglino, Jinran Lin, Lianjun Chen, Michaela Beer, Patrick Emanuel, Stephane Dalle, Alistair Robson
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20973
A functional variant in the immune signalling receptor NKG2D alters skin cancer risk
Karin A. Vineretsky, Evidio Domingo-Musibay, Margaret R. Karagas, DeAnn Lazovich, Jacquelyn K. Kuriger-Laber, DeVon Hunter-Schlichting, Heather H. Nelson
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20943
A nationwide study evaluating the association of autoimmune bullous diseases and acquired haemophilia: description of clinical and prognostic features
Alexis Barranca, Sébastien Debarbieux, Emmanuelle Tancrède-Bohin, Clémence Saillard, Bruno Sassolas, Sophie Voisin, Françoise Fortenfant, Chloe Bost, Ségolène Claeyssens-Donadel, Pascal Joly, Christophe Bedane, Cristina Bulai-Livideanu, Carle Paul, Maria Polina Konstantinou
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20953
Cutaneous manifestations of paediatric multisystem inflammatory syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2: a single-centre experience
Kate Dear, Cristina Psomadakis, Samiullah Dost, Nikolina Lalagianni, Jaimie Oldham, Ai Hew, Julia Kenny, Shelley Riphagen, Danielle Greenblatt, Carsten Flohr, Wedad Abdelrahman
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20907
Latent class analysis identification of prurigo nodularis comorbidity phenotypes
Shannon Wongvibulsin, Varsha Parthasarathy, Vartan Pahalyants, William Murphy, Nishadh Sutaria, Youkyung S. Roh, Zachary A. Bordeaux, Junwen Deng, Matthew T. Taylor, Yevgeniy R. Semenov, Shawn G. Kwatra
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20957
Pustular frontal fibrosing alopecia: a new variant within the folliculitis decalvans and lichen planopilaris phenotypic spectrum?
Alejandro Lobato-Berezo, Mónica González-Farré, Ramon M. Pujol
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20962
Dear Editor, Frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) is a primary lymphocytic scarring alopecia that is considered to be a clinical variant of lichen planopilaris (LPP). LPP and FFA share common histopathological findings consisting of lichenoid follicular inflammatory infiltrates. Recently, a case of folliculitis decalvans (FD) and LPP phenotypic spectrum (FDLPPPS) combining clinical and histopathological features of both LPP and FFA has been described. A clinical variant of FFA with pustules, with a neutrophilic inflammatory pattern, is reported.
Response to ‘Anakinra for palmoplantar pustulosis: results from a randomized, double-blind, multicentre, two-staged, adaptive placebo-controlled trial (APRICOT)’
K. Yatsuzuka, M. Murakami
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20942
Dear Editor, We read with great interest the article by Cro et al.1 reporting on their randomized, double-blind, multicentre, two-staged, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of treatment with anakinra, an interleukin (IL)-1 receptor antagonist, for palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP). However, the study did not find anakinra to be effective for the treatment of PPP. Therefore, we suggest that the authors perform additional subgroup analysis on the basis of PPP subtypes.
Response to: ‘Anakinra for palmoplantar pustulosis: results from a randomized, double-blind, multicentre, two-staged, adaptive placebo-controlled trial (APRICOT)’: reply from the authors
S. Cro, C.H Smith
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20944
We believe that there is significant interest in the role of IL-1 in the pathomechanism of palmoplantar pustulosis. However, the APRICOT study failed to demonstrate a therapeutic effect of the IL-1 receptor antagonist. So, we recommend that the authors perform an additional subgroup analysis based on the presence or absence of plaque psoriasis.
Response to ‘Validation of generalized drug-related rash diagnoses using International Classification of Diseases 9th and 10th Revision codes’
Chih-Wei Chen, James Cheng-Chung Wei
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20961
Dear Editor, We read with great interest the research letter by Goldenberg et al.1 regarding the validation of generalized drug-related rash diagnosis in a health database using the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). We appreciate the authors’ valuable contribution to the disease validation in health databases, which demonstrated the value of health databases in influencing management guidelines and research spending. However, the research design and improvement of health databases should be further discussed.
Response to: ‘Validation of generalized drug-related rash diagnoses using International Classification of Diseases 9th and 10th Revision codes’: reply from the authors
Michael Goldenberg, Somashekar G. Krishna, Nima Milani-Nejad, John C. Trinidad, Benjamin H. Kaffenberger
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20965
‘Quantity does not make quality’: when is there a case for repeating a network meta-analysis?
Laura Howells, Matthew J. Page, Hywel C. Williams
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21017
Response to ‘Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma is associated with Lynch syndrome: widening the spectrum of Lynch syndrome-associated tumours’
Peter Sowter, Mauro Santibanez-Koref, Michael S. Jackson, Gillian M. Borthwick, John Burn, Neil Rajan, Richard Gallon
doi : 10.1111/bjd.20970
Dear Editor, We read with interest the recent paper by Ykema et al.1 suggesting that cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) may be part of the Lynch syndrome (LS) tumour spectrum. LS tumours are characterized by loss of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) function,2 and Ykema et al.1 found loss of MMR protein expression using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in all 10 LS cSCCs in their study.
Cutaneous gnathostomiasis caused by Gnathostoma spinigerum
Teruhiko Makino, Hiromu Sugiyama, Miyako Oshima, Megumi Mizawa, Tadamichi Shimizu
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21007
Dear Editor, A 40-year-old woman presented with a 2-week history of a migratory skin lesion on her right back. She had eaten freshwater fish in Myanmar 2 years previously. She subsequently experienced the same condition twice, with spontaneous resolution. A physical examination revealed irregular erythema with slight tenderness (a). No eosinophilia was detected. Histopathological examination showed transected parasite bodies in the subcutaneous tissue (b, c). An immunochromatographic test was positive for Gnathostoma spinigerum antigen. Gnathostoma spinigerum was finally identified by molecular analysis. This patient was diagnosed with cutaneous gnathostomiasis due to G. spinigerum larvae·1, 2
Findings from a survey about hidradenitis suppurativa in the Netherlands
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a long-term, recurrent and painful disease where there is inflammation (redness, tenderness and swelling) in the armpits, breasts and groin. Within HS there is a blockage of the hair follicles. This causes a mixture of boil-like lumps, areas leaking pus and scarring. This has an impact on people’s quality of life.
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21253
Experiences of adolescents with alopecia areata and rating their own hair loss with questionnaires
Alopecia areata (AA) is a medical condition that affects 2% of people. AA can cause hair loss and nail damage. Hair loss, especially on the face and head, can be upsetting and embarrassing for patients. Eyebrow and/or eyelash loss can lead to eye irritation from dust.
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21254
Can genetic information help predict melanoma risk?
Invasive melanoma is a very serious form of skin cancer. The number of people with melanoma is growing. In 2020 there were there more than 324,000 new diagnoses and more than 57,000 deaths worldwide and this is expected to increase to more than 424,000 new diagnoses and more than 84,000 deaths in 2040. Although most melanomas are because of too much ultraviolet radiation (which mainly comes from the sun), genetic (inherited) factors can also play a role.
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21255
Epidermolysis bullosa in England and Wales
Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a group of rare genetic (inherited) diseases in which the skin is very fragile. Twenty years ago, the UK National Health Service (NHS) set up a specialist service for people with EB, providing all patients in England and Wales with access to expert advice, treatment and genetic testing. There are different types of EB and patients with severe types and most patients with milder types of EB are registered with the service, making it possible to work out exactly how rare these conditions are.
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21256
A new possible treatment option for psoriasis
Psoriasis is a common, chronic skin disease affecting over 125 million people worldwide. It causes scaly patches on the skin, and can also affect the nails. It can have a severe impact on the patient’s quality of life.
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21257
Improving the arrangement of lipids in our skin provides protection against dryness and irritation
The type and arrangement of lipids in our skin affects the way it works as a barrier to the external environment. People with eczema (atopic dermatitis) have fewer key lipids, such as ones called ceramides, in their skin. This alters the way the lipids arrange themselves, so that they are less compact, making the skin’s barrier leaky. Leaky skin is prone to dryness (loss of water), and makes it react more to irritants that can aggravate the skin, making it itchy. Alterations in our skin lipids are also seen when we get older, and contribute to skin dryness.
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21258
Review of different staging systems for cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a type of skin cancer. It is very common. Nearly all cSCCs are low-risk skin cancers and can be cured but a a small proportion spread elsewhere (2–5%) and are much more serious.
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21259
The quality of clinical practice guidelines in atopic dermatitis
Atopic dermatitis (AD; also called atopic eczema) is a chronic skin disease that is very common. Up to one in five children develop AD. AD causes dry and very itchy skin.
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21260
Improved understanding about different types of CD8+ cutaneous lymphomas
CD8+ cutaneous lymphomas are skin cancers that arise from types of cells that are important in immune defences called CD8+ T-lymphocytes. CD8+ cutaneous lymphomas are rare cancers. There are several different types – they share some histological features (features that can be seen under the microscope) but some types are more serious than others. Knowing more about them will help with diagnosis and treatment.
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21261
Possible new oral treatment for hidradenitis suppurativa
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a rare chronic skin condition with painful nodules (bumps) and abscesses (liquid-filled lesions) that may result in tunnel formation and scarring. There are currently limited options to treat HS, and responses to medication and duration of responses varies among patients.
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21262
�兰一项化脓性汗腺炎调查的结果
化脓性汗腺炎(HS)是一ç§�令人痛苦的å¤�å�‘性长期疾病，在腋çª�ã€�乳房和腹股沟ç‰éƒ¨ä½�å�‘生炎症(å�‘红ã€�触痛和肿胀)。在HSä¸ï¼Œæ¯›å›Šä¼šè¢«å µå¡žã€‚è¿™ä¼šå¯¼è‡´çƒ«ä¼¤æ ·çš„è‚¿å�—ã€�ç—…å�˜éƒ¨ä½�出脓并形æˆ�瘢痕，对患者的生活质é‡�é€ æˆ�å½±å“�。
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21263
问�调查�少年斑秃患者的体验以�对其毛�脱�情况的评分
斑秃(AA)是一�患病率约为 2%的疾病。AA会导致毛�脱�和指甲�伤。毛�脱�，特别是�部和头部，会使患者感到苦�和困窘。眉毛和/或�毛脱�会导致�尘对眼�产生刺激。
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21264
é�—ä¼ ä¿¡æ�¯èƒ½å¤Ÿå¸®åŠ©é¢„æµ‹é»‘ç´ ç˜¤é£Žé™©å�—?
ä¾µè¢æ€§é»‘ç´ ç˜¤æ˜¯ä¸€ç§�é�žå¸¸ä¸¥é‡�çš„çš®è‚¤ç™Œã€‚ç½¹æ‚£é»‘ç´ ç˜¤çš„äººæ•°æ£åœ¨å¢žé•¿ã€‚2020 年全世界有超过 324,000 å��新确诊病例和超过 57,000 å��æ»äº¡ç—…例，预计到 2040 年将增长至超过 424,000 å��新确诊病例和超过 84,000 å��æ»äº¡ç—…ä¾‹ã€‚å°½ç®¡å¤§å¤šæ•°é»‘ç´ ç˜¤æ˜¯å› ä¸ºè¿‡å¤šçš„ç´«å¤–çº¿è¾�å°„ (主è¦�æ�¥è‡ªå¤ªé˜³), 但é�—ä¼ å› ç´ å�¯èƒ½ä¹Ÿèµ·åˆ°äº†ä¸€å®šä½œç”¨ã€‚
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21265
è‹±æ ¼å…°å’Œå¨�尔士的大疱性表皮æ�¾è§£ç—‡
大疱性表皮æ�¾è§£ç—‡(EB)是一组罕è§�é�—ä¼ æ€§ç–¾ç—…ï¼Œåœ¨æ¤ç±»ç–¾ç—…ä¸ï¼Œçš®è‚¤é�žå¸¸è„†å¼±ã€‚二å��å¹´å‰�，英国国家医疗æœ�务体系(NHS)为EB患者设立了专项æœ�务，å�‘è‹±æ ¼å…°å’Œå¨�尔士的所有患者æ��供专家建议ã€�æ²»ç–—å’ŒåŸºå› æ£€æµ‹ã€‚EB有ä¸�å�Œç±»åž‹ï¼Œä¸¥é‡�类型的患者和大多数较轻类型的EB患者都已在该专项æœ�务ä¸ç™»è®°ï¼Œä»Žè€Œæœ‰å�¯èƒ½ç²¾ç¡®è®¡ç®—出这类疾病的罕è§�程度。
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21266
一��能治疗银屑病的新方案
银屑病是一�常�的慢性皮肤病，全世界患病人数超过1.25亿。这�病会导致皮肤上出现带有鳞屑的斑�，也会感染到指甲。它会严�影�患者的生活质�。
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21267
改善皮肤ä¸çš„脂质分布å�¯ä»¥é¢„防干燥和刺激
皮肤ä¸çš„脂质类型和分布会影å“�其抵御外部环境的å±�障作用。特应性湿疹(特应性皮炎)患者皮肤ä¸çš„关键脂质较少，比如神ç»�酰胺。这改å�˜äº†è„‚质自身的分布方å¼�ï¼Œå› æ¤æŽ’列ä¸�够紧密，导致皮肤å±�éšœå�—æ�Ÿã€‚å�—æ�Ÿçš„皮肤容易干燥(水分缺失)，对皮肤刺激的å��应更强，出现å�‘痒。éš�ç�€å¹´é¾„的增长，皮肤脂质也会å�‘生改å�˜ï¼Œå¯¼è‡´çš®è‚¤å¹²ç‡¥ã€‚
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21268
皮肤鳞状细胞癌的��分期系统综述
皮肤鳞状细胞癌(cSCC)是一ç§�皮肤癌。这ç§�皮肤癌é�žå¸¸å¸¸è§�ã€‚å‡ ä¹Žæ‰€æœ‰cSCC都属于低风险皮肤癌，能够治愈，但有一å°�部分扩散到其他部ä½�(2-5%)，情况就严é‡�得多。
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21269
特应性皮炎临床实践指�的质�
特应性皮炎(AD，也称为特应性湿疹)是一��常常�的慢性皮肤病。高达五分之一的儿童患有AD。AD会导致皮肤干燥和剧烈瘙痒。
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21270
进一æ¥äº†è§£ä¸�å�Œç±»åž‹çš„ CD8+皮肤淋巴瘤
CD8+皮肤淋巴瘤是 CD8+ T-淋巴细胞(在å…�疫防御ä¸å��分é‡�è¦�的细胞类型)引起的皮肤癌。CD8+皮肤淋巴瘤是罕è§�的癌症。目å‰�åˆ†ä¸ºå‡ ç§�ä¸�å�Œç±»åž‹â€”—它们具有一些共å�Œçš„组织å¦ç‰¹å¾�(能够在显微镜下观察到)，但有些类型比其他类型更为严é‡�。更深入地了解它们将有助于诊æ–和治疗。
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21271
化脓性汗腺炎�能的新��治疗
化脓性汗腺炎(HS)是一ç§�罕è§�的慢性皮肤病，伴有痛性结节(è‚¿å�—)和脓肿(充满液体的病å�˜)，å�¯èƒ½å¯¼è‡´å½¢æˆ�窦é�“和瘢痕。目å‰�治疗HS的方案有é™�，而且患者对è�¯ç‰©çš„å��应以å�Šå��应的æŒ�ç»æ—¶é—´å�„异。
doi : 10.1111/bjd.21272
