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Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy: Reconciling guideline updating with increasing disease complexity
Yusuf A. Rajabally
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120500
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120500
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy in anti-CD20 and other monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies used in multiple sclerosis: A review
Kanika Sharma a, Sarah Tolaymat a, Hongxuyang Yu a, Mahmoud Elkhooly b, Shruti Jaiswal c,Anek Jena d, Mihir Kakara f, Shitiz Sriwastava
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120459
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120459
Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a subacute CNS inflammatory disease seen primarily among immunocompromised patients. It is caused by the JC virus (JCV), a polyomavirus that otherwise induces an insidious, latent infection in the general population. This reactivated disease is characterized by cognitive and behavioral changes, language disturbances, motor weakness, or visual deficits.
Tips in navigating the diagnostic complexities of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
Richard A. Lewis a,*, Pieter A. van Doorn b, Claudia Sommer
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120478
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120478
The 2021 guideline of the European Academy of Neurology/Peripheral Nerve Society on chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) includes important revisions to the previous 2010 guideline. This article highlights the new criteria and recommendations for the differential diagnosis of CIDP.
Neuro-respiratory pathology in spinocerebellar ataxia
Debolina D. Biswas 1, L �ea El Haddad 1, Ronit Sethi, Meredith L. Huston, Elias Lai,Mariam M. Abdelbarr, Doreen Z. Mhandire, Mai K. ElMallah
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120493
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120493
The spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) are a heterogeneous group of neurodegenerative disorders with an autosomal dominant inheritance. Symptoms include poor coordination and balance, peripheral neuropathy, impaired vision, incontinence, respiratory insufficiency, dysphagia, and dysarthria. Although many patients with SCA have respiratory-related complications, the exact mechanism and extent of this pathology remain unclear. This review aims to provide an update on the recent clinical and preclinical scientific findings on neuropathology causing respiratory insufficiency in SCA.
Predictors of overlapping autoimmune disease in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum disorder (NMOSD): A retrospective analysis in two inner-city hospitals.
Milena Rodriguez Alvarez a,*, Aveena Gurung a,b, Vinodkumar Velayndhan c,Fernando Cuascut d, Samir Alkabie e, Latoya Freeman f, Ganesh Phayal g, Naureen Kabani a,Joshy Pathiparampil h, Manjeet Bhamra i, Alexandra Kreps j, Kristaq Koci k, Sophia Francis l,Su Y. Zhaz Leon m, Justin Levinson n, Mabelys Rodriguez Lezcano g, Abhimanyu Amarnani o,Steve Xie b, Helen Valsamis b, Yaacov Anziska p, Ellen M. Ginzler a, Isabel M. McFarlane a,b
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120460
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120460
The coexistence of Neuromyelitis Optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with other autoimmune diseases (AD-NMOSD) presents worse clinical outcomes and healthcare costs than NMOSD alone (NMOSD-only). NMOSD and other autoimmune diseases also have a higher prevalence and morbidity in Black. We aim to compare clinical features and treatment responses in NMOSD patients with and without overlapping autoimmunity in a predominantly Black cohort. We further identify predictors associated with each clinical subtype.
The influence of initial spinal cord haematoma and cord compression on neurological grade improvement in acute traumatic spinal cord injury: A prospective observational study
L.N. Sharwood a,f,*, V. King b, J. Ball b, D. Varma c,g, R.W. Stanford d, J.W. Middleton
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120453
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120453
Prospective observational cohort study linked with administrative data.
Efficacy of a 5-day, intensive, multidisciplinary, outpatient physical and occupational therapy protocol in the treatment of functional movement disorders: A retrospective study
Megan Reid a,*, Steven D. Mitchell b, Katharine M. Mitchell c, Christos Sidiropoulos
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120461
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120461
The use of rehabilitation services has been shown to be beneficial for patients with functional movement disorders (FMD). However, there is great variability in the type of rehabilitation services utilized. In the present study we aimed at determining the efficacy of an intense outpatient physical rehabilitation program as a treatment modality for patients with FMD.
The human brain networks mediating the vestibular sensation of self-motion
Zaeem Hadi a,*, Mohammad Mahmud a, Yuscah Pondeca a, Elena Calzolari a,Mariya Chepisheva a, Rebecca M. Smith a, Heiko M. Rust a,c, David J. Sharp b, BarryM. Seemungal
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120458
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120458
Vestibular Agnosia - where peripheral vestibular activation triggers the usual reflex nystagmus response but with attenuated or no self-motion perception - is found in brain disease with disrupted cortical network functioning, e.g. traumatic brain injury (TBI) or neurodegeneration (Parkinson's Disease). Patients with acute focal hemispheric lesions (e.g. stroke) do not manifest vestibular agnosia.
Transverse myelitis following COVID-19: Insights from a multi-center study and systematic literature review
Ivan Adamec a,b, Gregor Brecl Jakob c, Jelena Drulovi �c d,e, Johann Sellner f, Ervina Bili �c a,b,Barbara Sita?s a, Hrvoje Bili ?c a, Olivera Tama?s d,e, Maja Budimki ?c d,e, Nikola Veselinovi ?c d,e,Alenka Horvat Ledinek c, Jana Jer?se c, Sarah Gomezelj c, Larissa Hauer g,Magdalena Krbot Skori ?c a,h, Mario Habek a,b,
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120463
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120463
We aimed to provide insights into transverse myelitis (TM) following COVID-19 by analyzing cases treated at tertiary care neurology centers and a systemic review of the literature.
Predicting the progression to super-refractory status epilepticus: A machine-learning study
Francesco Brigo a,*,1, Gianni Turcato b,1, Simona Lattanzi c, Niccol`o Orlandi d,e, Giulia Turchi d,Arian Zaboli f, Giada Giovannini d,g,1, Stefano Meletti
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120481
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120481
Super-refractory status epilepticus (SRSE) is a status epilepticus (SE) that continues or recurs ≥24 h after the onset of anesthesia. We aimed to identify the predictors of progression to SRSE and the risk of 30-day mortality in patients with SRSE by using a machine learning technique.
Real-world utilization patterns of intravenous immunoglobulin in adults with generalized myasthenia gravis in the United States
Cynthia Z. Qi a,*, Tom Hughes a, Deborah Gelinas a, Yuebing Li b, Amit Goyal c, Edward Brauer a,Arpit Bhuwalka d, Mai Sato e, Sudhir Jadhav d, Glenn Phillips
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120480
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120480
To evaluate real-world utilization patterns of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) among patients with generalized myasthenia gravis (gMG) over 3Â years post-IVIg initiation.
Reflexive and volitional saccadic eye movements and their changes in age and progressive supranuclear palsy
Isaac Hempstead Wright a, Akila Sekar a, Marte Theilmann Jensen b, Megan Hodgson b,Matthew J. Bancroft a, Nehzat Koohi a,c, Andrew J. Lees d, Huw R. Morris b, Diego Kaski
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120482
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120482
Saccades, rapid movements of the eyes towards a visual or remembered target, are useful in understanding the healthy brain and the pathology of neurological conditions such as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). We set out to investigate the parameters of horizontal reflexive and volitional saccades, both visually guided and memory-guided, over a 1Â min epoch in healthy individuals and PSP patients.
Effects and safety of high-frequency rTMS in acute intracerebral hemorrhage patients: A pilot study
Teppei Komatsu a,*, Takuya Hada b, Nobuyuki Sasaki b, Hiroyuki Kida a, Junichiro Takahashi a,Takahiro Maku a, Ryoji Nakada a, Tomotaka Shiraishi a, Shiho Akiyama a, Tomomichi Kitagawa a,Takeo Sato a, Hiroki Takatsu a, Kenichi Sakuta a, Kenichiro Sakai a, Tadashi Umehara a,Shusaku Omoto a, Hidetomo Murakami a, Hidetaka Mitsumura a, Masahiro Abo b,Yasuyuki Iguchi a
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120473
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120473
Although high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS) in chronic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is beneficial, it has been poorly investigated in rTMS for acute ICH. Our aim is to investigate the effects and safety of rTMS in acute spontaneous ICH.
Frequency and burden of neurological manifestations upon hospital presentation in COVID-19 patients: Findings from a large Brazilian cohort
Milena Soriano Marcolino, MD, MSc, PhD a,b,c,*, Fernando Anschau, MD, MSc, PhD d,Luciane Kopittke, BSc, MSc, PhD d, Magda Carvalho Pires, BSc, MSc, PhD e,Izabela Guimar ̃aes Barbosa, MD, MSc, PhD f, Daniella Nunes Pereira g,Lucas Emanuel Ferreira Ramos, BSc e, LuÃs Fernando Israel Assunç ̃ao e,Andr Ì�e Soares de Moura Costa, MD, MSc h, Matheus Carvalho Alves Nogueira, MD h,Helena Duani, MD, MSc, PhD a, Karina Paula Medeiros Prado Martins, MD, MSc a,Leila Beltrami Moreira, MD, MSc, PhD i, Carla Thais Cˆandida Alves da Silva, BSc j,Neimy Ramos de Oliveira, MD k, Patricia Klarmann Ziegelmann, BSc, MSc, PhD l,Milton Henriques Guimar ̃aes-Júnior, MD, MSc m, Mauro Oscar Soares de Souza Lima m,Rubia Laura Oliveira Aguiar, BSc, MSc n, Luanna Silva Monteiro Menezes, MD, MSc o,p,Talita Fischer Oliveira, MD p, MaÃra Dias Souza, MD p, B Ì�arbara Lopes Farace, MD q,Christiane Corrˆea Rodrigues Cimini, MD, MSc, PhD r, Amanda de Oliveira MaurÃlio, MD s,Silvana Mangeon Mereilles Guimar ̃aes, MD t, Silvia Ferreira Araújo, MD t,Guilherme Fagundes Nascimento, MD, MSc u, Daniel Vit Ì�orio Silveira, MD, MSc u,Karen Brasil Ruschel, BSc, MSc, PhD c,v, Thainara Conceiç ̃ao de Oliveira, BSc v,Alexandre Vargas Schwarzbold, MD, MSc, PhD w, Luiz Antˆonio Nasi, MD, MSc, PhD x,Maiara Anschau Floriani, BSc, MSc x, Veridiana Baldon dos Santos, BSc, MSc d,Carolina Marques Ramos y, Joice Coutinho de Alvarenga, MD z, Ana Luiza Bahia Alves Scotton,MD aa, Euler Roberto Fernandes Manenti, MD, MSc, PhD ab, Gabriela Petry Crestani, BSc ab,Joanna d’Arc Lyra Batista, BSc, MSc, PhD ac, Daniela Ponce, MD, MSc, PhD ad,Juliana Machado-Rugolo, BSc ad, Adriana Falangola Benjamin Bezerra, BSc, MSc, PhD ae,Petrˆonio Jos Ì�e de Lima Martelli, BSc, MSc, PhD ae, Heloisa Reniers Vianna, MD, MSc af,LuÃs C Ì�esar de Castro, BSc, MSc, PhD ag, C Ì�assia Regina Gotler Medeiros, BSc, MSc, PhD
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120485
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120485
Scientific data regarding the prevalence of COVID-19 neurological manifestations and prognosis in Latin America countries is still lacking. Therefore, the study aims to understand neurological manifestations of SARS-CoV 2 infection and outcomes in the Brazilian population.
Life stressors significantly impact long-term outcomes and post-acute symptoms 12-months after COVID-19 hospitalization
Jennifer A. Frontera a,*, Sakinah Sabadia a, Dixon Yang f, Adam de Havenon g, Shadi Yaghi h,Ariane Lewis a, Aaron S. Lord a, Kara Melmed a, Sujata Thawani a, Laura J. Balcer a,b,c,Thomas Wisniewski a,d,e, Steven L. Galetta a,c, the NYU Neurology COVID-19 Study Team
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120487
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120487
Limited data exists evaluating predictors of long-term outcomes after hospitalization for COVID-19.
Safety and effectiveness of istradefylline as add-on therapy to levodopa in patients with Parkinson's disease: Final report of a post-marketing surveillance study in Japan
Makio Takahashi a,*, Satoru Ito b, Yukie Tsuji b, Shuji Horiguchi
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120479
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120479
Istradefylline is approved in Japan and the US for treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) in adult patients who experience the wearing-off phenomenon while receiving levodopa; however, safety and efficacy data for real-world clinical use are lacking.
Deep learning in acute vertigo diagnosis
David PW Rastall a,*, Kemar Green b,
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120454
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120454
Recent advances in artificial intelligence are transforming healthcare and there are increasing efforts to apply these breakthroughs to the diagnosis of acute vertigo. Because the diagnosis of vertigo relies on the analysis of eye movements, there are several unique considerations that must be made when implementing deep learning approaches to vertigo. This review discusses the need for diagnostic aids for acute vertigo, the techniques used to preprocess eye movement data and adapt deep learning models to vertigo, and summarizes and analyzes all published models to date.
Prevalence of carotid artery stenosis with coronary artery disease in Japanese patients: A single-center study
Megumu Suzuki a, Masakazu Okawa a,*, Yoshinori Okuno b, Tao Yang a, Yohei Takenobu a,d,Hiroki Shiomi c, Takehiro Katano a,e, Keita Suzuki a, Naoki Takayama a, Yu Yamamoto a,Kiyofumi Yamada a,f, Kazumichi Yoshida a, Susumu Miyamoto a
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120492
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120492
There are a few reports of the prevalence of extracranial internal carotid artery stenosis (ICAS) in Asian patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). This was a prospective registry study of 157 consecutive Japanese patients undergoing coronary angiography that aimed to determine the prevalence of extracranial ICAS in recent Japanese patients. The associations between ICAS and the extent or the maximal stenosis of CAD were also investigated.
Scale for Ocular motor Disorders in Ataxia (SODA)
Aasef G. Shaikh a,*, Ji-Soo Kim b,1, Caroline Froment c,1, Yu Jin Koo b,1, Nicolas DupreMarios Hadjivassiliou e, Jerome Honnorat c, Sudhir Kothari f, Hiroshi MitomaXavier Rodrigue b, Bing-Wen Soong h, S.H. Subramony i, Michael StruppJeremy Schmahmann k,2, Mario Manto
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120472
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120472
Eye movements are fundamental diagnostic and progression markers of various neurological diseases, including those affecting the cerebellum. Despite the high prevalence of abnormal eye movements in patients with cerebellar disorders, the traditional rating scales do not focus on abnormal eye movements. We formed a consortium of neurologists focusing on cerebellar disorders.
Motor end-plate analysis to diagnose immune-mediated myasthenia gravis in seronegative patients
Atsushi Nagaoka a,*, Akira Tsujino a, Hirokazu Shiraishi b, Tadashi Kanamoto b,Tomoaki Shima b, Shunsuke Yoshimura b, Teiichiro Miyazaki b, Yohei Tateishi b,Mitsuhiro Tsujihata c, Masakatsu Motomura d, Susan Maxwell e, Osamu Higuchi f,David Beeson e, Angela Vincent
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120494
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120494
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic usefulness of motor end-plate (MEP) analysis along with clustered acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibody (Ab) assays in patients with myasthenia-like symptoms but negative routine AChR and muscle-specific kinase (MuSK) Ab tests. MEP analysis of muscle biopsies of the biceps brachii was performed in 20 patients to try to differentiate between those with or without immune-mediated myasthenia gravis (MG).
Cognitive reserve profiles are associated with outcome in schizophrenia.
Mariachiara Buonocore a,*, Emanuela Inguscio b, Margherita Bechi a, Federica Cuoco a,Francesca Martini a, Giulia Agostoni a, Marco Spangaro a, Federica Cocchi a, Rachele Terragni b,Olympia Diddi b, Sara Terreni b, Roberto Cavallaro a,c,1, Marta Bosia
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120496
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120496
Cognitive reserve (CR), the brain's ability to cope with brain pathology to minimize symptoms, could explain the heterogeneity of outcomes in neuropsychiatric disorders, however it is still rarely investigated in schizophrenia. Indeed, this study aims to classify CR in this disorder and evaluate its impact on neurocognitive and socio-cognitive performance and daily functioning.
CDKL5 deficiency causes epileptic seizures independent of cellular mosaicism
Satoru Takahashi a,*, Ryo Takeguchi a, Ryosuke Tanaka a, Masataka Fukuoka b,Takayoshi Koike b, Hideyuki Ohtani b, Kenji Inoue c, Mitsumasa Fukuda c, Hirokazu Kurahashi d,Kazuyuki Nakamura e, Koji Tominaga f, Tomoko Matsubayashi g, Masayuki Itoh h,Teruyuki Tanaka
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120498
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120498
In a study using a mouse model of CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD), seizures are specific to female mice heterozygous for Cdkl5 mutations and not observed in hemizygous knockout males or homozygous knockout females. The aim of this study was to examine whether the clinical phenotype of patients with CDD can be impacted by the type of genetic variant.
Secondhand smoke exposure is independently associated with stroke among non-smoking adults in West Africa
Akinkunmi Paul Okekunle a,b, Osahon Jeffery Asowata c, Adekunle G. Fakunle a,d,Onoja Matthew Akpa c,e, Fred S. Sarfo f, Albert Akpalu g, Kolawole Wahab h, Reginald Obiako i,Morenikeji Komolafe j, Lukman Owolabi k, Godwin O. Osaigbovo l, Hemant K. Tiwari m,Joshua Akinyemi c, Carolyn Jenkins n, Oyedunni Arulogun o, Philip Ibinaiye i, Lambert Appiah f,Atinuke M. Agunloye p, Abiodun M. Adeoye a,e,y, Joseph Yaria a, Benedict Calys-Tagoe g,Ezinne O. Uvere a, Godwin Ogbole p, Francis Agyekum g, Taofeek A. Sanni q, Ganiyu A. Amusa l,Mayowa Ogunronbi r, Samuel Olowookere r, Olayemi Balogun i, James A. Ogunmodede h,Oladotun V. Olalusi a, Diala Samuel a, Aliyu Mande k, Musbahu Rabiu k, Philip Adebayo s,Adeniyi Sunday h, Lucius Chidiebere Imoh l, Ayodipupo S. Oguntade a,aa, Abiodun Ajose a,Arti Singh f, Oluwayemisi T. Adeegbe a, Yaw Mensah g, Michael B. Fawale j, Salaam Abdul l,Joyce Ikubor af, Afolaranmi Tolulope l, Isah S. Yahaya k, Cynthia Akisanya r, Chidi J. Odo p,Richard Efidi ae, Innocent I. Chukwuonye t, Vincent Shidali ac, Akintunde Adebowale j,Kenneth A. Ohagwu t, Osimhiarherhuo O. Adeleye r, Henry Iheonye u, Adeseye Akintunde v,Eunice Olabinri q, Josephine Akpalu g, Julius Adesina r, Ugochukwu Onyeonoro t,Akinola Onasanya ab, Donna K. Arnett w, Daniel Lackland x, Rufus Akinyemi r,y,ad,Bruce Ovbiagele z, Mayowa Owolabi a,y,*, on behalf of SIREN
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120489
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120489
Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, but little is known about the contribution of secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) to stroke epidemiology among indigenous Africans.
Can calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibody improve migraine and restless legs syndrome?
Shiho Suzuki, Keisuke Suzuki *, Tomohiko Shiina, Saro Kobayashi, Koichi Hirata
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120462
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120462
A significant association between migraine and restless legs syndrome (RLS) has been reported, and their coexistence is not uncommon. We report a patient with concomitant migraine and RLS who showed improvement of both migraine and RLS symptoms after treatment with galcanezumab, a calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) monoclonal antibody.
Altered glutamatergic and inflammatory pathways promote glioblastoma growth, invasion, and seizures: An overview
Anteneh M. Feyissa a,*, Steven S. Rosenfeld a,b, Alfredo Qui ̃nones-Hinojosa
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120488
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120488
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain cancer. Drug-resistant seizures and cognitive impairments often accompany the invasion of the neocortex by the GBM cells. Recent studies suggest that seizures and glioma share common pathogenic mechanisms and may influence each other.
Use of dual antiplatelet therapy following posterior ischemic stroke
Letizia Maria Cupini*, Novella Bonaffini
doi : 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120486
Volume 443, 15 December 2022, 120486
