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OXA-48, AmpC, or Both—Activity of Some Newer ß-Lactams
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac368
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages i–ii
Controversies in the Management of Central Nervous System CoccidioidomycosisÂ
George R Thompson, III, Neil M Ampel, Janis E Blair, Fariba Donovan, Joshua Fierer, John N Galgiani, Arash Heidari, Royce Johnson, Stanley A Shatsky, Christopher M Uchiyama, David A Stevens
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac478
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 555–559
Central nervous system infection with Coccidioides spp. is fatal if untreated and complications occur even when therapy is directed by experienced clinicians. We convened a panel of clinicians experienced in the management of coccidioidal meningitis to summarize current controversies and provide consensus for the management of this difficult infection.
Efavirenz Pharmacokinetics and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Viral Suppression Among Patients Receiving Tuberculosis Treatment Containing Daily High-Dose RifapentineÂ
Anthony T Podany, Michelle Pham, Erin Sizemore, Neil Martinson, Wadzanai Samaneka, Lerato Mohapi, Sharlaa Badal-Faesen, Rod Dawson, John L Johnson, Harriet Mayanja, Umesh Lalloo, William C Whitworth, April Pettit, Kayla Campbell, Patrick P J Phillips, Kia Bryant, Nigel Scott, Andrew Vernon, Ekaterina V Kurbatova, Richard E Chaisson, Susan E Dorman, Payam Nahid, Susan Swindells, Kelly E Dooley, Courtney V Fletcher the AIDS Clinical Trials Group and Tuberculosis Trials Consortium
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab1037
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 560–566
A 4-month regimen containing rifapentine and moxifloxacin has noninferior efficacy compared to the standard 6-month regimen for drug-sensitive tuberculosis. We evaluated the effect of regimens containing daily, high-dose rifapentine on efavirenz pharmacokinetics and viral suppression in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis (TB).
Days of Antibiotic Spectrum Coverage: A Novel Metric for Inpatient Antibiotic ConsumptionÂ
Satoshi Kakiuchi, Daniel J Livorsi, Eli N Perencevich, Daniel J Diekema, Dilek Ince, Kunatum Prasidthrathsint, Patrick Kinn, Kelly Percival, Brett H Heintz, Michihiko Goto Author Notes
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab1034
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 567–576
Days of therapy (DOT), the most widely used benchmarking metric for antibiotic consumption, may not fully measure stewardship efforts to promote use of narrow-spectrum agents and may inadvertently discourage the use of combination regimens when single-agent alternatives have greater adverse effects. To overcome the limitations of DOT, we developed a novel metric, days of antibiotic spectrum coverage (DASC), and compared hospital performances using this novel metric with DOT.
Nutritional Supplementation Would Be Cost-Effective for Reducing Tuberculosis Incidence and Mortality in India: The Ration Optimization to Impede Tuberculosis (ROTI-TB) ModelÂ
Pranay Sinha, Subitha L Lakshminarayanan, Chelsie Cintron, Prakash Babu Narasimhan, Lindsey M Locks, Nalin Kulatilaka, Kimberly Maloomian, Senbagavalli Prakash Babu, Madeline E Carwile, Anne F Liu, C Robert Horsburgh, Jr, Carlos Acuna-Villaorduna, Benjamin P Linas, Natasha S Hochberg
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab1033
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 577–585
Undernutrition is the leading cause of tuberculosis (TB) in India and is associated with increased TB mortality. Undernutrition also decreases quality of life and economic productivity.
Incidence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection Among African Women Using Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate, a Copper Intrauterine Device, or a Levonorgestrel Implant for Contraception: A Nested Randomized TrialÂ
Nelly R Mugo, Randy M Stalter, Renee Heffron, Helen Rees, Caitlin W Scoville, Charles Morrison, Athena P Kourtis, Elizabeth Bukusi, Mags Beksinka, Neena M Philip, Ivana Beesham, Jen Deese, Vinodh Edward, Deborah Donnell, Jared M Baeten, Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) Trial Consortium
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab1027
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 586–595
Globally, women have higher herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) prevalence than men; data from observational studies suggest a possible association of HSV-2 acquisition with use of intramuscular depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA-IM).
Longitudinal Analysis of Memory T-Cell Responses in Survivors of Middle East Respiratory SyndromeÂ
Hyoung Shik Shin, Yeonjae Kim, Jihye Kang, Jihye Um, Jun Sun Park, Wan Beom Park, Yeon Sook Kim, Jae Phil Choi, Ji Young Rhee, Joon Sung Joh, Nam Hyuk Cho, Jeong Sun Yang, Joo Yeon Lee, Dong Gyun Lim
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab1019
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 596–603
Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) is a highly lethal respiratory disease caused by a zoonotic betacoronavirus. The development of effective vaccines and control measures requires a thorough understanding of the immune response to this viral infection.
Incidence and Mortality of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis in Ukraine: Analysis of National Surveillance DataÂ
Sara Khalife, Helen E Jenkins, Mariia Dolynska, Iana Terleieva, Iurii Varchenko, Tao Liu, E Jane Carter, C Robert Horsburgh, Natasha R Rybak, Vasyl Petrenko, Silvia S Chiang
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab1018
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 604–612
Improved understanding of the epidemiology and mortality risk factors of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) may facilitate successful diagnosis and management.
The Anti-Circumsporozoite Antibody Response of Children to Seasonal Vaccination With the RTS,S/AS01E Malaria VaccineÂ
Issaka Sagara, Issaka Zongo, Matthew Cairns, Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga, Almahamoudou Mahamar, Frédéric Nikièma, Amadou Tapily, Frédéric Sompougdou, Modibo Diarra, Charles Zoungrana, Djibrilla Issiaka, Alassane Haro, Koualy Sanogo, Abdoul Aziz Sienou, Mahamadou Kaya, Seydou Traore, Ismaila Thera, Kalifa Diarra, Amagana Dolo, Irene Kuepfer, Paul Snell, Paul Milligan, Christian Ockenhouse, Opokua Ofori-Anyinam, Halidou Tinto, Abdoulaye Djimde, Jean Bosco Ouedraogo, Alassane Dicko, Daniel Chandramohan, Brian Greenwood
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab1017
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 613–622
A trial in African children showed that combining seasonal vaccination with the RTS,S/AS01E vaccine with seasonal malaria chemoprevention reduced the incidence of uncomplicated and severe malaria compared with either intervention given alone. Here, we report on the anti-circumsporozoite antibody response to seasonal RTS,S/AS01E vaccination in children in this trial.
Tenofovir Alafenamide Plasma Concentrations Are Reduced in Pregnant Women Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): Data From the PANNA NetworkÂ
Vera E Bukkems, Coca Necsoi, Carmen Hidalgo Tenorio, Coral Garcia, Irene Alba Alejandre, Fabian Weiss, John S Lambert, Astrid van Hulzen, Olivier Richel, Lindsey H M te Brake, Eric van der Meulen, David Burger, Deborah Konopnicki, Angela Colbers on behalf of the PANNA network
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab1010
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 623–629
Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF), a prodrug of tenofovir (TFV), is included in the majority of the recommended first-line antiretroviral regimens for patients living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but there are limited data on TAF use in pregnant women. We aimed to examine the plasma pharmacokinetics of TAF and TFV in pregnant women from Europe.
Viral Load Status Before Switching to Dolutegravir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy and Associations With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Outcomes in Sub-Saharan AfricaÂ
Matthew L Romo, Jessie K Edwards, Aggrey S Semeere, Beverly S Musick, Mark Urassa, Francesca Odhiambo, Lameck Diero, Charles Kasozi, Gad Murenzi, Patricia Lelo, Katarzyna Wyka, Elizabeth A Kelvin, Annette H Sohn, Kara K Wools-Kaloustian, Denis Nash, International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA)
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab1006
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 630–637
Dolutegravir is being rolled out globally as part of preferred antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens, including among treatment-experienced patients. The role of viral load (VL) testing before switching patients already on ART to a dolutegravir-containing regimen is less clear in real-world settings.
Perivalvular Extension of Infective Endocarditis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve ReplacementÂ
Vassili Panagides, David del Val, Mohamed Abdel-Wahab, Norman Mangner, Eric Durand, Nikolaj Ihlemann, Marina Urena, Costanza Pellegrini, Francesco Giannini, Tomasz Gasior, Wojtek Wojakowski, Martin Landt, Vincent Auffret, Jan Malte Sinning, Asim N Cheema, Luis Nombela-Franco, Chekrallah Chamandi, Francisco Campelo-Parada, Erika Munoz-Garcia, Howard C Herrmann, Luca Testa, Won Keun Kim, Juan Carlos Castillo, Alberto Alperi, Didier Tchetche, Antonio L Bartorelli, Samir Kapadia, Stefan Stortecky, Ignacio Amat-Santos, Harindra C Wijeysundera, John Lisko, Enrique Gutiérrez-Ibanes, Vicenç Serra, Luisa Salido, Abdullah Alkhodair, Ugolino Livi, Tarun Chakravarty, Stamatios Lerakis, Victoria Vilalta, Ander Regueiro, Rafael Romaguera, Utz Kappert, Marco Barbanti, Jean Bernard Masson, Frédéric Maes, Claudia Fiorina, Antonio Miceli, Susheel Kodali, Henrique B Ribeiro, Jose Armando Mangione, Fabio Sandoli de Brito, Jr, Guglielmo Mario Actis Dato, Francesco Rosato, Maria Cristina Ferreira, Valter Correia de Lima, Alexandre Siciliano Colafranceschi, Alexandre Abizaid, Marcos Antonio Marino, Vinicius Esteves, Julio Andrea, Roger R Godinho, Fernando Alfonso, Helene Eltchaninoff, Lars Søndergaard, Dominique Himbert, Oliver Husser, Azeem Latib, Hervé Le Breton, Clement Servoz, Isaac Pascual, Saif Siddiqui, Paolo Olivares, Rosana Hernandez-Antolin, John G Webb, Sandro Sponga, Raj Makkar, Annapoorna S Kini, Marouane Boukhris, Philippe Gervais, Axel Linke, Lisa Crusius, David Holzhey, Josep Rodés-Cabau
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab1004
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 638–646
Infective endocarditis (IE) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been associated with a dismal prognosis. However, scarce data exist on IE perivalvular extension (PEE) in such patients.
Effect of Oral Streptococci Expressing Pneumococcus-like Cross-Reactive Capsule Types on World Health Organization Recommended Pneumococcal Carriage Detection ProcedureÂ
Feroze Ganaie, Angela R Branche, Michael Peasley, Jason W Rosch, Moon H Nahm
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab1003
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 647–656
Carriage studies are fundamental to assessing the effects of pneumococcal vaccines. Because a large proportion of oral streptococci carry homologues of pneumococcal genes, non–culture-based detection and serotyping of upper respiratory tract (URT) samples can be problematic. In the current study, we investigated whether culture-free molecular methods could differentiate pneumococci from oral streptococci carried by adults in the URT.
Predictors of All-Cause Mortality Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in a Prospective Cohort Study in East Africa and NigeriaÂ
Hannah Kibuuka, Ezra Musingye, Betty Mwesigwa, Michael Semwogerere, Michael Iroezindu, Emmanuel Bahemana, Jonah Maswai, John Owuoth, Allahna Esber, Nicole Dear, Trevor A Crowell, Christina S Polyak, Julie A Ake, AFRICOS Study Group
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab995
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 657–66
Introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been associated with a decline in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related mortality, although HIV remains a leading cause of death in sub-Saharan Africa. We describe all-cause mortality and its predictors in people living with HIV (PLWH) in the African Cohort Study (AFRICOS).
The Effect of Antiretroviral Therapy for the Treatment of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-1 in Pregnancy on Gestational Weight GainÂ
Naima T Joseph, Glen A Satten, Rachel E Williams, Lisa B Haddad, Denise J Jamieson, Anandi N Sheth, Martina L Badell
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab994
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 665–672
Gestational weight gain above Institute of Medicine recommendations is associated with increased risk of pregnancy complications. The goal was to analyze the association between newer HIV antiretroviral regimens (ART) on gestational weight gain.
Epidemiology of Acute Myocarditis/Pericarditis in Hong Kong Adolescents Following Comirnaty VaccinationÂ
Gilbert T Chua, Mike Yat Wah Kwan, Celine S L Chui, Robert David Smith, Edmund Chi Lok Cheung, Tian Ma, Miriam T Y Leung, Sabrina Siu Ling Tsao, Elaine Kan, Wing Kei Carol Ng, Victor Chi Man Chan, Shuk Mui Tai, Tak Ching Yu, Kwok Piu Lee, Joshua Sung Chih Wong, Ying Kit Lin, Chi Chiu Shek, Agnes Sze Yin Leung, Chit Kwong Chow, Ka Wah Li, Johnny Ma, Wai Yuk Fung, Daniel Lee, Ming Yen Ng, Wilfred Hing Sang Wong, Hing Wai Tsang, Janette Kwok, Daniel Leung, Kin Lai Chung, Chun Bong Chow, Godfrey Chi Fung Chan, Wing Hang Leung, Kelvin Kai Wang To, Kwok Yung Yuen, Yu Lung Lau, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Patrick Ip
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab989
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 673–681
Age-specific incidence of acute myocarditis/pericarditis in adolescents following Comirnaty vaccination in Asia is lacking. This study aimed to study the clinical characteristics and incidence of acute myocarditis/pericarditis among Hong Kong adolescents following Comirnaty vaccination.
Cycloserine and Linezolid for Tuberculosis Meningitis: Pharmacokinetic Evidence of Potential UsefulnessÂ
Russell R Kempker, Alison G C Smith, Teona Avaliani, Mariam Gujabidze, Tinatin Bakuradze, Shorena Sabanadze, Zaza Avaliani, Jeffrey M Collins, Henry M Blumberg, Mohammad H Alshaer, Charles A Peloquin, Maia Kipiani
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab992
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 682–689
The ability of antituberculosis drugs to cross the blood–brain barrier and reach the central nervous system is critical to their effectiveness in treating tuberculosis meningitis (TBM). We sought to fill a critical knowledge gap by providing data on the ability of new and repurposed antituberculosis drugs to penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
Maribavir for Refractory Cytomegalovirus Infections With or Without Resistance Post-Transplant: Results From a Phase 3 Randomized Clinical TrialÂ
Robin K Avery, Sophie Alain, Barbara D Alexander, Emily A Blumberg, Roy F Chemaly, Catherine Cordonnier, Rafael F Duarte, Diana F Florescu, Nassim Kamar, Deepali Kumar, Johan Maertens, Francisco M Marty, Genovefa A Papanicolaou, Fernanda P Silveira, Oliver Witzke, Jingyang Wu, Aimee K Sundberg, Martha Fournier, SOLSTICE Trial Investigators
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab988
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 690–701
Therapies for refractory cytomegalovirus infections (with or without resistance [R/R]) in transplant recipients are limited by toxicities. Maribavir has multimodal anti-cytomegalovirus activity through the inhibition of UL97 protein kinase.
Retrospective Multicentric Study on Campylobacter spp. Bacteremia in France: The Campylobacteremia StudyÂ
Claire Tinévez, Fanny Velardo, Anne Gaëlle Ranc, Damien Dubois, Hélène Pailhoriès, Cyrielle Codde, Olivier Join-Lambert, Emmanuelle Gras, Stéphane Corvec, Catherine Neuwirth, Cléa Melenotte, Marie Dorel, Anne Sophie Lagneaux, Maxime Pichon, Violaine Doat, Damien Fournier, Adrien Lemaignen, Leslie Bouard, Pierre Patoz, Genevieve Hery-Arnaud, Nadine Lemaitre, Célia Couzigou, Thomas Guillard, Elise Recalt, Emmanuelle Bille, Yaniss Belaroussi, Didier Neau, Charles Cazanave, Philippe Lehours, Mathilde Puges, Campylobacteremia study group
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciab983
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 702–709
Campylobacter spp. bacteremia is a severe infection. A nationwide 5-year retrospective study was conducted to characterize its clinical features and prognostic factors.
Evolution of Imipenem-Relebactam Resistance Following Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa PneumoniaÂ
Ryan K Shields, Madison E Stellfox, Ellen G Kline, Palash Samanta, Daria Van Tyne
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac097
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 710–714
We report the emergence of imipenem-relebactam nonsusceptible Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 5 patients treated for nosocomial pneumonia for 10–28 days. Genome sequence analysis identified treatment-emergent mutations in MexAB-OprM and/or MexEF-OprN efflux operons that arose independently in each patient across distinct P. aeruginosa sequence types. Testing with efflux-inhibitor PAβN restored imipenem-relebactam susceptibility.
Current Antiretroviral Treatment Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States: Findings from the Centers for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinic Systems CohortÂ
Jimmy Ma, Robin M Nance, Joseph A C Delaney, Bridget M Whitney, Laura Bamford, Ronnie M Gravett, Richard D Moore, Sonia Napravnik, Kenneth H Mayer, Jeffrey M Jacobson, Katerina Christopoulos, Greer A Burkholder, Jeanne Keruly, Joseph J Eron, Jeffrey Martin, Edward R Cachay, Michael S Saag, Heidi M Crane, Mari M Kitahata
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac086
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 715–718
Among 14 049 people with human immunodeficiency virus in care in 2019–2020, 96% were treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Current antiretroviral treatment patterns highlight high uptake of guideline-recommended ART regimens including second-generation integrase strand transfer inhibitors (dolutegravir and bictegravir) and tenofovir alafenamide, especially in antiretroviral-naive individuals initiating ART.
Endocarditis Caused by Nontypeable Streptococcus pneumoniaeÂ
Stefanie S V Henriet, Jeroen D Langereis, Stephanie W Lo, Stephen Bentley, Rob J Mesman, Zina Fejzic, Laura van Niftrik, Nina M van Sorge, Heiman F L Wertheim, Marien I de Jonge, Amelieke J H Cremers
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac079
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 719–722
The Streptococcus pneumoniae capsule is regarded as indispensable in bacteremia. We report an infant with a ventricular septal defect and infective endocarditis caused by nontypeable S. pneumoniae. In-depth investigation confirmed a deficient capsule yet favored pneumococcal fitness for causing infective endocarditis, rather than a host immune disorder, as the cause of infective endocarditis in this case.
Nucleic Acid Point-of-Care Testing to Improve Diagnostic PreparednessÂ
Ilesh V Jani, Trevor F Peter
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac013
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 723–728,
Testing programs for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 have relied on high-throughput polymerase chain reaction laboratory tests and rapid antigen assays to meet diagnostic needs. Both technologies are essential; however, issues of cost, accessibility, manufacturing delays, and performance have limited their use in low-resource settings and contributed to the global inequity in coronavirus disease 2019 testing.
A Bicyclist’s TaleÂ
Zaw Min, Gabriela Alvarez, Sheldon Rao, Fadi Khoury, Tariq Cheema, Nitin Bhanot, Henry S Bishop, Yvonne Qvarnstrom, Sarah G H Sapp, Paul T Cantey
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac041
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 729–731
Invasive Non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) InfectionsÂ
Joshua Fierer
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac035
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Pages 732–738
Salmonella enterica invade the host via the intestinal tract. There are ~2 thousand distinct serovars of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) that can cause gastroenteritis in normal hosts, but bacteremia is an uncommon complication of gastroenteritis except at the extremes of age (in Graham et al. Nontyphoidal Salmonella infections of children in tropical Africa. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2000; 19:1189–96).
Prosthetic Joint Infections and RifampinÂ
Sonal Munsiff, Ted Louie
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac214
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Page 739
Reply to Munsiff et al
Marjan Wouthuyzen-Bakker
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac215
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Page 740
Addressing the Elephant in the Room: Intravenous Injection of Coronavirus Disease 2019 mRNAÂ
Chun Huan Yau, Yoshio Masuda, Qin Xiang Ng, Seth En Teoh
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac131
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Page 741
Reply to Yau et alÂ
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue 4, 15 August 2022, Page 742
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac133
Precision Vaccines: Lessons Learned From the Coronavirus PandemicÂ
Asimenia Angelidou, Jay Evans, Olubukola Idoko, Ofer Levy, Nicole Pignatiello Lewis, Etsuro Nanishi, Oludare A Odumade, Al Ozonoff, Stanley Plotkin, Amy C Sherman, Simon D van Haren, Elissa R Weitzman
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac300
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Page S1
Why We Need Precision VaccinologyÂ
Stanley A Plotkin
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac434
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S2–S4
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Trials (and Tribulations): How to Improve the Process of Clinical Trials in a PandemicÂ
Amy C Sherman, Nadine Rouphael, Lindsey R Baden
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac301
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S5–S10
Vaccine clinical trials have been essential to developing effective severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccines. The challenges of supply chain disruptions, infection control, study designs, and participant factors that affect trial procedures are reviewed, with specific solutions to streamline the clinical trial process.
Advancing the Science of Vaccine Safety During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic and Beyond: Launching an International Network of Special Immunization ServicesÂ
Karina A Top, Robert T Chen, Ofer Levy, Al Ozonoff, Bruce Carleton, Nigel W Crawford, C Buddy Creech, Sonali Kochhar, Gregory A Poland, Kimberley Gutu, Clare L Cutland
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac407
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S11–S17,
Within 2 years after the start of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccines were developed, rigorously evaluated in large phase 3 trials, and administered to more than 5 billion individuals globally.
Paving the Way Towards Precision Vaccinology: The Paradigm of Myocarditis After Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) VaccinationÂ
Theano Lagousi, Ioanna Papadatou, Petros Strempas, Elena Chatzikalil, Vana Spoulou
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac396
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S18–S23
Systems vaccinology approaches have introduced novel tools for the evaluation of the safety profile of novel vaccine antigens by developing biomarkers of vaccine reactogenicity associated with potential adverse events.
Observations and Perspectives on Adaptive Immunity to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)Â
Jennifer Dan, Ricardo da Silva Antunes, Alba Grifoni, Daniela Weiskopf, Shane Crotty, Alessandro Sette
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac310
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S24–S29
Since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic began 2 years ago, the scientific community has swiftly worked to understand the transmission, pathogenesis, and immune response of this virus to implement public health policies and ultimately project an end to the pandemic. In this perspective, we present our work identifying SARS-CoV-2 epitopes to quantify T-cell responses and review how T cells may help protect against severe disease.
A Precision Adjuvant Approach to Enhance Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Vaccines Optimized for Immunologically Distinct Vulnerable PopulationsÂ
David J Dowling, Ofer Levy
doi : Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S30–S36
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S30–S36
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has caused significant mortality, especially among older adults whose distinct immune system reflects immunosenescence. Multiple SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have received emergency use authorization and/or licensure from the US Food and Drug Administration and throughout the world
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Versus Vaccination in Pregnancy: Implications for Maternal and Infant ImmunityÂ
Maria Giulia Conti, Sara Terreri, Gianluca Terrin, Fabio Natale, Carlo Pietrasanta, Guglielmo Salvatori, Roberto Brunelli, Fabio Midulla, Vassiliki Papaevangelou, Rita Carsetti, Asimenia Angelidou
doi : 0.1093/cid/ciac359
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S37–S45
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has been associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes, yet uptake of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines during pregnancy and lactation has been slow. As a result, millions of pregnant and lactating women and their infants remain susceptible to the virus.
Pediatric Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Vaccines: Perceptions and Attitudes From the Food and Drug Administration Public CommentaryÂ
Elissa R Weitzman, Amy C Sherman, Ofer Levy
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac343
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S46–S50
Authorization of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines for children has ushered in a new phase of the immunization campaign to address the pandemic but has been received with mixed responses from parents, children, and opinion leaders. Herein we consider perceptions and attitudes towards pediatric SARS-CoV-2 vaccines from a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) public commentary reflecting more than 63 000 comments.
Perinatally Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Adolescents and Young Adults Demonstrate Distinct BNT162b2 Messenger RNA Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine ImmunogenicityÂ
Elena Morrocchi, Chiara Pighi, Giuseppe Rubens Pascucci, Nicola Cotugno, Chiara Medri, Donato Amodio, Luna Colagrossi, Alessandra Ruggiero, Emma Concetta Manno, Chiara Casamento Tumeo, Stefania Bernardi, Kinga K Smolen, Carlo Federico Perno, Al Ozonoff, Paolo Rossi, Ofer Levy, Paolo Palma
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac408
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S51–S60
Immunization of vulnerable populations with distinct immunity often results in suboptimal immunogenicity, durability, and efficacy.
Association of Frailty, Age, and Biological Sex With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Messenger RNA Vaccine–Induced Immunity in Older AdultsÂ
Janna R Shapiro, Ioannis Sitaras, Han Sol Park, Tihitina Y Aytenfisu, Christopher Caputo, Maggie Li, John Lee, Trevor S Johnston, Huifen Li, Camille Wouters, Pricila Hauk, Henning Jacobsen, Yukang Li, Engle Abrams, Steve Yoon, Andrew J Kocot, Tianrui Yang, Yushu Huang, Steven M Cramer, Michael J Betenbaugh, Amanda K Debes, Rosemary Morgan, Aaron M Milstone, Andrew H Karaba, Andrew Pekosz, Sean X Leng, Sabra L Klein
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac397
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S61–S71
Male sex and old age are risk factors for severe coronavirus disease 2019, but the intersection of sex and aging on antibody responses to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccines has not been characterized.
Precision Vaccine Adjuvants for Older Adults: A Scoping ReviewÂ
Etsuro Nanishi, Asimenia Angelidou, Chloe Rotman, David J Dowling, Ofer Levy, Al Ozonoff
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac302
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S72–S80
Older adults, defined as those ≥60 years of age, are a growing population vulnerable to infections including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Although immunization is a key to protecting this population, immunosenescence can impair responses to vaccines. Adjuvants can increase the immunogenicity of vaccine antigens but have not been systematically compared in older adults.
The Impact of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic on Substance Use in the United StatesÂ
Jennifer A Ross, Patrice K Malone, Sharon Levy
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac311
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S81–S85
The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has been associated with dramatic increases in substance use, as marked by increased alcohol, nicotine, and cannabis sales.
Competing Responses to Global Inequalities in Access to COVID Vaccines: Vaccine Diplomacy and Vaccine Charity Versus Vaccine Liberty
Matthew Sparke, Orly Levy
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac361
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S86–S92
Global access to coronavirus vaccines has been extraordinarily unequal and remains an ongoing source of global health insecurities from the evolution of viral variants in the bodies of the unvaccinated. There have nevertheless been at least 3 significant alternatives developed to this disastrous bioethical failure.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Vaccine Prioritization in Low- and Middle-Income Countries May Justifiably Depart From High-Income Countries’ Age PrioritiesÂ
Nir Eyal, Anca Gheaus, Axel Gosseries, Monica Magalhaes, Thierry Ngosso, Bastian Steuwer, Viroj Tangcharoensathien, Isa Trifan, Andrew Williams
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac398
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S93–S97
In high-income countries that were first to roll out coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines, older adults have thus far usually been prioritized for these vaccines over younger adults.
Acceptability of a Fentanyl Vaccine to Prevent Opioid Overdose and Need for Personalized Decision-MakingÂ
Elissa R Weitzman, Joe Kossowsky, Laura M Blakemore, Rachele Cox, David J Dowling, Ofer Levy, Emma W Needles, Sharon Levy
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac344
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S98–S109
The opioid epidemic worsened during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Synthetic opioids (primarily fentanyl) comprise the most common drugs involved in overdose (OD) death. A vaccine that blocks fentanyl from reaching the brain to prevent OD is under development, and insight is needed into its acceptability.
Advancing Precision Vaccinology by Molecular and Genomic Surveillance of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Germany, 2021Â
Djin Ye Oh, Martin Hölzer, Sofia Paraskevopoulou, Maria Trofimova, Felix Hartkopf, Matthias Budt, Marianne Wedde, Hugues Richard, Berit Haldemann, Teresa Domaszewska, Janine Reiche, Kathrin Keeren, Aleksandar Radonić, Julia Patricia Ramos Calderón, Maureen Rebecca Smith, Annika Brinkmann, Kathrin Trappe, Oliver Drechsel, Kathleen Klaper, Sascha Hein, Eberhardt Hildt, Walter Haas, Sébastien Calvignac-Spencer, Torsten Semmler, Ralf Dürrwald, Andrea Thürmer, Christian Drosten, Stephan Fuchs, Stefan Kröger, Max von Kleist, Thorsten Wolff, for the Integrated Molecular Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 (IMS-SC2) Laboratory Network
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac399
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S110–S120
Comprehensive pathogen genomic surveillance represents a powerful tool to complement and advance precision vaccinology. The emergence of the Alpha variant in December 2020 and the resulting efforts to track the spread of this and other severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern led to an expansion of genomic sequencing activities in Germany.
How Drivers of Seasonality in Respiratory Infections May Impact Vaccine Strategy: A Case Study in How Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) May Help Us Solve One of Influenza’s Biggest ChallengesÂ
Eric T Lofgren, Elena N Naumova, Jack Gorski, Yuri Naumov, Nina H Fefferman
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac400
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S121–S129
Vaccines against seasonal infections like influenza offer a recurring testbed, encompassing challenges in design, implementation, and uptake to combat a both familiar and ever-shifting threat. One of the pervading mysteries of influenza epidemiology is what causes the distinctive seasonal outbreak pattern.
Implications of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Pandemic on the Epidemiology of Pediatric Respiratory Syncytial Virus InfectionÂ
Oludare A Odumade, Simon D van Haren, Asimenia Angelidou
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac373
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S130–S135
Respiratory viral infections account for a large percentage of global disease and death. Respiratory syncytial virus is a seasonal virus affecting immunologically vulnerable populations, such as preterm newborns and young infants; however, its epidemiology has changed drastically during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. In this perspective, we discuss the implications of coronavirus disease 2019 on respiratory syncytial virus seasonality patterns and mitigation efforts, as well as the urgent need for vaccination as a preventive tool.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Africa: Current Considerations and Future ProjectionsÂ
Olubukola T Idoko, Effua Usuf, Uduak Okomo, Chizoba Wonodi, Kondwani Jambo, Beate Kampmann, Shabir Madhi,
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac401
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 75, Issue Supplement_1, 15 August 2022, Pages S136–S140
The burden of severe Covid-19 has been relatively low in sib-Saharan Africa compared to Europe and the Americas. However, SARS-CoV-2 sero-prevalence data has demonstrated that there has been more widespread transmission than can be deduced from reported cases.
