Transplantation

Gaussen, Amaury; Hornby, Laura; Rockl, Gary; O’Brien, Sheila; Delage, Gilles; Sapir-Pichhadze, Ruth; Drews, Steven J.; Weiss, Matthew J.; Lewin, Antoine

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003744

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1405-1422

The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has raised concerns for programs overseeing donation and transplantation of cells, tissues, and organs (CTO) that this virus might be transmissible by transfusion or transplantation. Transplant recipients are considered particularly vulnerable to pathogens because of immunosuppression, and SARS-CoV-2 is likely to generate complications if contracted.

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A Multicenter Cohort Study From India of 75 Kidney Transplants in Recipients Recovered After COVID-19

Kute, Vivek B.; Ray, Deepak S.; Yadav, Dinesh Kumar; Pathak, Vivek; Bhalla, Anil K.; Godara, Suraj; Kumar, Anil; Guleria, Sandeep; Khullar, Dinesh; Thukral, Sharmila; Mondal, Rabi Ranjan Sow; Jain, Manish; Jha, Pranaw Kumar; Hegde, Umapati; Abraham M., Abi; Dalal, Sonal; Patel, Himanshu; Bahadur, Madan M.; Shingare, Ashay; Sharma, Ashish; Kumar Sharma, Raj; Anandh, Urmila; Gulati, Sanjeev; Gumber, Manoj; Siddini, Vishwanath; Deshpande, Rushi; Kaswan, Kamal; Varyani, Umesh; Kakde, Shailesh; Kenwar, Deepesh B.; Shankar Meshram, Hari; Kher, Vijay

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003740

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1423-1432

There is limited current knowledge on feasibility and safety of kidney transplantation in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) survivors.

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The Full Spectrum of COVID-19 Development and Recovery Among Kidney Transplant Recipients

Cristelli, Marina P.; Viana, Laila A.; Dantas, Marcus T.C.; Martins, Suelen B.S.; Fernandes, Ruan; Nakamura, Monica R.; Santos, Daniel W.C.L.; Taddeo, Julia B.; Azevedo, Vega F.; Foresto, Renato D.; Tedesco-Silva, Helio; Medina-Pestana, Jose

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003751

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1433-1444

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) fatality rate is high among kidney transplant recipients. Among survivors, kidney outcomes, seroconversion, and persistence of viral shedding are unexplored.

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Cycle Thresholds Among Solid Organ Transplant Recipients Testing Positive for SARS-CoV-2

Theodore, Deborah A.; Greendyke, William G.; Miko, Benjamin; Whittier, Susan; Green, Daniel A.; Shoucri, Sherif; Verna, Elizabeth C.; Zucker, Jason; Sobieszczyk, Magdalena E.; Aaron, Justin G.; Scully, Brian E.; Saiman, Lisa; Pereira, Marcus; Furuya, E. Yoko

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003695

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1445-1448

The optimal duration of transmission-based precautions among immunocompromised patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is unknown.

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Therapeutic Perspectives and Mechanistic Insights of Phage Therapy in Allotransplantation

Dery, Kenneth J.; G?rski, Andrzej; Miedzybrodzki, Ryszard; Farmer, Douglas G.; Kupiec-Weglinski, Jerzy W.

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003565

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1449-1458

Bacterio(phages) are bacteria-infecting viruses that employ host translation machinery to replicate, and upon cell lysis, release new particles into the environment. As a result, phages are prey-specific, thus making targeted phage therapy (PT) possible. Indeed, pre- and posttransplant bacterial infections pose a substantial risk to allograft recipients in their clinical course. Moreover, with the increasing threat of antibiotic resistance, the interest in PT as a potential solution to the crisis of multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens has rapidly grown.

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A Comprehensive Overview of the Clinical Relevance and Treatment Options for Antibody-mediated Rejection Associated With Non-HLA Antibodies

Kardol-Hoefnagel, Tineke; Otten, Henny G.

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003551

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1459-1470

Although solid organ transplant results have improved significantly in recent decades, a pivotal cause of impaired long-term outcome is the development of antibody-mediated rejection (AMR), a condition characterized by the presence of donor-specific antibodies to HLA or non-HLA antigens. Highly HLA-sensitized recipients are treated with desensitization protocols to rescue the transplantation. These and other therapies are also applied for the treatment of AMR.

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Liver Transplantation in Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure

Karvellas, Constantine J.; Francoz, Claire; Weiss, Emmanuel

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003550

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1471-1481

Liver transplantation (LT) has revolutionized outcomes for cirrhotic patients. Current liver allocation policies dictate patients with highest short-term mortality receive the highest priority, thus, several patients become increasingly ill on the waitlist. Given cirrhosis is a progressive disease, it can be complicated by the occurrence of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF), a syndrome defined by an acute deterioration of liver function associated with extrahepatic organ failures requiring intensive care support and a high short-term mortality. Successfully bridging to transplant includes accurate prognostication and prioritization of ACLF patients awaiting LT, optimizing intensive care support pre-LT, and tailoring immunosuppressive and anti-infective therapies post-LT.

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Heart Donation From Donors After Controlled Circulatory Death

Anguela-Calvet, Laura; Moreno-Gonzalez, Gabriel; Sbraga, Fabrizio; Gonzalez-Costello, Jose; Tsui, Steven; Oliver-Juan, Eva

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003545

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1482-1491

The gold-standard therapy for advanced-stage heart failure is cardiac transplantation. Since the first heart transplant in 1967, the majority of hearts transplanted came from brain death donors. Nevertheless, in recent years, the option of donation after circulatory death (DCD) is gaining importance to increase donor pool. Currently, heart-transplant programs using controlled donation after circulatory death (cDCD) have been implemented in the United Kingdom, Belgium, Australia, United States of America, and, recently, in Spain.

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Kidney Transplantation in HIV-positive Patients: Current Practice and Management Strategies

Muller, Elmi; Botha, Francois C. J.; Barday, Zunaid A.; Manning, Kathryn; Chin-Hong, Peter; Stock, Peter

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003485

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1492-1501

HIV-positive patients had been successfully transplanted for the last 15 y and the donor pool had successfully been expanded to also include HIV-positive donors.

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Longitudinal Analysis of the T-cell Receptor Repertoire in Graft-infiltrating Lymphocytes Following Hand Transplantation

Kim, Joseph Y.; Lei, Zhengdeng; Maienschein-Cline, Mark; Chlipala, George E.; Balamurugan, Arumugam; McDiarmid, Sue V.; Azari, Kodi; Yang, Otto O

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003535

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1502-1509

T lymphocyte–mediated acute rejection is a significant complication following solid organ transplantation. Standard methods of monitoring for acute rejection rely on assessing histological tissue damage but do not define the immunopathogenesis. Additionally, current therapies for rejection broadly blunt cellular immunity, creating a high risk for opportunistic infections. There is, therefore, a need to better understand the process of acute cellular rejection to help develop improved prognostic tests and narrowly targeted therapies.

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Combined Assessment of Functional and Metabolic Performance of Human Donor Hearts: Possible Application in Donation After Circulatory Death

Bhaskaran, Prasanna; Ou, Ruchong; Marasco, Silvana; Perera, Shanaka; Brookes, John; Rosenfeldt, Franklin

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003531

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1510-1515

Donation after circulatory death (DCD) represents an increasing source of organs. However, evaluating the suitability of DCD hearts for transplantation represents a challenge. Contractile function is the ultimate determinant of recovery. We developed a novel technique in an ex vivo rig for the measurement of contractility using intraventricular balloons. We compared this technique with the measurement of lactate metabolism, the current gold standard.

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B-cell Deficiency Attenuates Transplant Glomerulopathy in a Rat Model of Chronic Active Antibody-mediated Rejection

Reese, Shannon R.; Wilson, Nancy A.; Huang, Yabing; Ptak, Lucille; Degner, Kenna R.; Xiang, Ding; Redfield, Robert R.; Zhong, Weixiong; Panzer, Sarah E

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003530

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1516-1529

Transplant glomerulopathy (TG) is a pathological feature of chronic active antibody-mediated rejection (cAMR) and is associated with renal allograft failure. The specific role of B cells in the pathogenesis of TG is unclear.

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Normothermic Ex Situ Liver Perfusion Enhances Mitochondrial Function of DCD Grafts as Evidenced by High-throughput Metabolomics

Bhat, Mamatha; Linares-Cervantes, Ivan; Pasini, Elisa; Patel, Preya; Goto, Toru; Noguchi, Yuki; Mazilescu, Laura; Urbanellis, Peter; Selzner, Markus; Selzner, Nazia

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003476

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1530-1538

Normothermic ex situ liver perfusion (NEsLP) reduces reperfusion injury of donation after circulatory death (DCD) grafts and optimizes graft function. The goal of our study was to elucidate how NEsLP impacts global metabolism in DCD grafts using high-throughput metabolomics.

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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Pediatric Liver Transplantation: A Multicenter Linked Database Analysis and Systematic Review of the Literature

Ziogas, Ioannis A.; Johnson, Wali R.; Matsuoka, Lea K.; Rauf, Muhammad A.; Thurm, Cary; Hall, Matt; Bacchetta, Matthew; Godown, Justin; Alexopoulos, Sophoclis P

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003414

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1539-1547

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) can be used to maintain oxygen delivery and provide hemodynamic support in case of circulatory and respiratory failure. Although the role of ECMO has emerged in the setting of adult liver transplantation (LT), data in children are limited. We aimed to describe the characteristics and outcomes of children receiving ECMO support at the time of or following LT.

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The Utility of Donor-specific Antibody Monitoring and the Role of Kidney Biopsy in Simultaneous Liver and Kidney Recipients With De Novo Donor-specific Antibodies

Parajuli, Sandesh; Aziz, Fahad; Blazel, Justin; Muth, Brenda L.; Garg, Neetika; Mohamed, Maha; Rice, John; Mezrich, Joshua D.; Hidalgo, Luis G.; Mandelbrot, Didier

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003399

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1548-1555

There is limited information about the utility of donor-specific antibody (DSA) against HLA monitoring and the role of protocol kidney biopsy for de novo DSA (dnDSA) in simultaneous liver and kidney (SLK) transplant recipients.

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The Impact of Intraoperative Donor Blood on Packed Red Blood Cell Transfusion During Deceased Donor Liver Transplantation: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Shaylor, Ruth; Desmond, Fiona; Lee, Dong-Kyu; Koshy, Anoop Ninan; Hui, Victor; Tang, Gia Toan; Fink, Michael; Weinberg, Laurence

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003395

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1556-1563

Blood from deceased organ donors, also known as donor blood (DB), has the potential to reduce the need for packed red blood cells (PRBCs) during liver transplantation (LT). We hypothesized that DB removed during organ procurement is a viable resource that could reduce the need for PRBCs during LT.

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Efficacy and Safety of Everolimus With Reduced Tacrolimus in Liver Transplant Recipients: 24-month Results From the Pooled Analysis of 2 Randomized Controlled Trials

Lee, Sung-Gyu; Jeng, Long-Bin; Saliba, Faouzi; Singh Soin, Arvinder; Lee, Wei-Chen; De Simone, Paolo; Nevens, Frederik; Suh, Kyung-Suk; Fischer, Lutz; Jin Joo, Dong; Fung, John; Joh, Jae-Won; Kaido, Toshimi; Grant, David; Meier, Matthias; Rauer, Barbara; Sips, Carole; Kaneko, Shuhei; Levy, Gary

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003394

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1564-1575

Data from 2 randomized liver transplant trials (N = 772; H2304 [deceased donor, n = 488], H2307 [living donor, n = 284]) were pooled to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of everolimus with reduced tacrolimus (EVR + rTAC) versus standard tacrolimus (sTAC) regimen at month 24.

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Association of ? 1 Antitrypsin Phenotype and Development of Advanced Liver Disease and Pulmonary Complications Before and After Liver Transplantation

Abu Rmilah, Anan; Fencl, Robert; Watt, Kymberly; Krowka, Michael; Wiesner, Russell; Murray, David; Nyberg, Scott; Leise, Michael

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003390

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1576-1584

The role of MZ phenotype of ? 1 antitrypsin (?1AT) deficiency as a potential cofactor in advanced liver disease arising from other primary causes is not widely understood. In the general population, MZ phenotype accounts for 2%–4% in Europe and 2%–7.1% in North America. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the MZ phenotype among various causes of cirrhosis in the United States in the modern era and its impact on pulmonary function before and after liver transplantation.

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Evaluation of Longitudinal Exposure to Tacrolimus as a Risk Factor of Chronic Kidney Disease Occurrence Within the First-year Post-Liver Transplantation

Maurel, Pauline; Prémaud, Aurélie; Carrier, Paul; Essig, Marie; Barbier, Louise; Rousseau, Annick; Silvain, Christine; Causse, Xavier; Debette-Gratien, Marilyne; Jacques, Jérémie; Marquet, Pierre; Salamé, Ephrem; Loustaud-Ratti, Véronique

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003384

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1585-1594

Renal failure is predictive of mortality in the early postliver-transplantation period and calcineurin inhibitors toxicity is a main challenge. Our aim is to assess the impact of longitudinal tacrolimus exposure (TLE) and other variables on chronic kidney disease (CKD)-free 1-year-survival.

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Cytomegalovirus Infection Downregulates Vitamin D Receptor in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Robak, Oliver; Kastner, Marie-Theres; Stecher, Carmen; Schneider, Martina; Andreas, Martin; Greinix, Hildegard; Kallay, Enik?; Honsig, Claudia; Steininger, Christoph

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003448

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1595-1602

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially curative option for patients with hematologic diseases but is associated with high mortality and morbidity. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is common in HSCT patients and modulates vitamin D metabolism in vitro. We aimed at validating CMV-associated vitamin D metabolism in vivo in HSCT.

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Diagnostic Yield of 18F-FDG PET After Lung Transplantation: A Single-center, Retrospective Cohort Study

Van Rompaey, Winand; Gheysens, Olivier; Deroose, Christophe M.; Verleden, Stijn E.; Vanaudenaerde, Bart M.; Ceulemans, Laurens J.; Van Raemdonck, Dirk E.; Neyrinck, Arne P.; Verleden, Geert M.; Vos, Robin

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003456

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1603-1609

To investigate the diagnostic yield of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (18F-FDG PET) in lung transplant recipients.

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Oxy-right Ventricular Assist Device for Bridging of Right Heart Failure to Lung Transplantation

Lee, Sung Kwang; Kim, Do Hyung; Cho, Woo Hyun; Yeo, Hye Ju

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003459

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1610-1614

Right heart failure develops in lung transplantation candidates on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support and increases mortality. The safety and feasibility of the oxy-right ventricular assist device (oxyRVAD) as a bridge to lung transplantation in severe right heart failure caused by terminal lung disease have not been evaluated.

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Long-term Outcomes of Sequential Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Kidney Transplantation: Single-center Experience

Moreira, Carla Leal; Hasib Sidiqi, M.; Buadi, Francis K.; Litzow, Mark R.; Gertz, Morie A.; Dispenzieri, Angela; Russell, Stephen J.; Ansell, Stephen M.; Stegall, Mark D.; Prieto, Mikel; Dean, Patrick G.; Nyberg, Scott L.; El Ters, Mireille; Hogan, William J.; Amer, Hatem; Cosio, Fernando G.; Leung, Nelson

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003477

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p 1615-1624

Experience with sequential hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and kidney transplant (KT) is limited.

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Casirivimab-imdevimab for Treatment of COVID-19 in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: An Early Experience

Dhand, Abhay; Lobo, Stephen A.; Wolfe, Kevin; Feola, Nicholas; Lee, Leslie; Nog, Rajat; Chen, Donald; Glicklich, Daniel; Diflo, Thomas; Nabors, Christopher

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003737

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p e68-e69

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Living Donor Hepatectomy After Proven SARS-CoV-2 Infection: First Report of 9 Cases From 3 Centers

Malleeswaran, Selvakumar; Mohanka, Ravi; Yalakanti, Raghavendra Babu; Patcha, Rajnikanth; Rao, Prashantha S.; Appusamy, Ellango; Sathyanarayanan, Mohan; Shrimal, Anurag; Kumar Kedarisetty, Chandan; Vargese, Joy; Reddy, Mettu Srinivas

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003750

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p e70-e71

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Kidney Transplant Recipients Rarely Show an Early Antibody Response Following the First COVID-19 Vaccine Administration

Hogan, Julien; Kwon, Thérésa; Paye-Jaouen, Annabel; Fait, Charlotte; Cointe, Aurélie; Baudouin, Véronique

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003764

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p e72-e73

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Kidney Transplantation in a COVID-19-positive Pediatric Recipient

Hogan, Julien; Kwon, Thérésa; Paye-Jaouen, Annabel; Fait, Charlotte; Cointe, Aurélie; Baudouin, Véronique

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003774

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p e74-e75

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Poor Kidney Transplant Outcomes and Higher Organ Discard Rate Secondary to Macroscopic Arteriosclerosis of Renal Artery: More Evidence Needed to Prove Correlation

Odugoudar, Avinash R.; Sharma, Hemant; Hipparagi, Meghana; Devkaran, Bhavesh; Sharma, Ajay

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003703

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p e76

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Different Timing of Cholangiocyte and Hepatocyte Damage in Liver Preservation: Time to Implement Donor Interventions and New Preservation Techniques to Prevent Ischemic-type Biliary Lesions

Patrono, Damiano; Zanierato, Marinella; Avolio, Alfonso Wolfango; Romagnoli, Renato

doi : 10.1097/TP.0000000000003693

Transplantation: July 2021 - Volume 105 - Issue 7 - p e77-e78

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