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The changing tide of human fertility
R John Aitken
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac011
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 629–638
Over the past half-century, the world has witnessed a steep decline in fertility rates in virtually every country on Earth.
Are serum progesterone measurements truly representative for the identification of an adequate luteal phase in hormonal replacement therapy frozen embryo transfers?
B Lawrenz, H M Fatemi
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac017
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 639–643
Progesterone (P4) is crucial for the achievement and maintenance of a pregnancy and with rising numbers of frozen embryo transfers (FETs) performed worldwide, the search for the ‘optimal’ P4 levels in HRT FET cycles became a focus of research. Certainly, measurement of systemic P4 levels is an easy applicable tool and P4 levels, considered as being too low, could be addressed by changing and/or increasing exogenously administered P4.
Use of ‘omics for endometrial timing: the cycle moves on
John D Aplin, Adam Stevens
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac022
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 644–650
For some years, the prospect of precise and personalized timing of the endometrial cycle for optimal embryo replacement has been held out as a potential solution to low implantation rates. It is envisaged that a receptive state can be defined and reached at a predictable time, and embryo replacement performed in synchrony.
Sperm acquire epididymis-derived proteins through epididymosomes
F Barrachina, M A Battistone, J Castillo, C Mallofré, M Jodar, S Breton, R Oliva
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac015
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 651–668
Testicular sperm are immature cells unable to fertilize an oocyte. After leaving the testis, sperm transit along the epididymis to acquire motility and fertilizing abilities. It is well known that marked changes in the sperm proteome profile occur during epididymal maturation
Mitochondrial DNA content reduction in the most fertile spermatozoa is accompanied by increased mitochondrial DNA rearrangement
M Boguenet, V Desquiret-Dumas, D Goudenège, C Bris, L Boucret, O Blanchet, V Procaccio, P E Bouet, P Reynier, P May-Panloup
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac024
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 669–679
While there is a consensus that mtDNA content is decreased in the most fertile spermatozoa, the role of mtDNA sequence alteration in male infertility is unclear. High-throughput sequencing, which allows an exhaustive analysis of mtDNA rearrangements and mutations, could be helpful in this context, but has yet to be used.
Autophagy is activated in human spermatozoa subjected to oxidative stress and its inhibition impairs sperm quality and promotes cell death
Pamela Uribe, Juan Meriño, Carola E Matus, Mabel Schulz, Fabiola Zambrano, Juana V Villegas, Iván Conejeros, Anja Taubert, Carlos Hermosilla, Raúl Sánchez
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac021
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 680–695
Autophagy is a regulated pathway of lysosomal degradation which helps eukaryotic cells to maintain or restore homeostasis, being a cellular stress response mechanism.
The impact of maternal smoking on embryonic morphological development: the Rotterdam Periconception Cohort
C S Pietersma, A G M G J Mulders, A Sabanovic, S P Willemsen, M S Jansen, E A P Steegers, R P M Steegers-Theunissen, M Rousian
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac018
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 696–707
Smoking during pregnancy decreases prenatal growth, increasing the risk of preterm birth, small for gestational age (GA) and childhood obesity.
A double-blind randomized controlled trial investigating a time-lapse algorithm for selecting Day 5 blastocysts for transfer
Aisling Ahlström, Kersti Lundin, Anna-Karin Lind, Kristina Gunnarsson, Göran Westlander, Hannah Park, Anna Thurin-Kjellberg, Steinunn A Thorsteinsdottir, Snorri Einarsson, Mari Åström, Kristina Löfdahl, Judith Menezes, Susanne Callender, Cina Nyberg, Jens Winerdal, Camilla Stenfelt, Brit-Randi Jonassen, Nan Oldereid, Lisa Nolte, Malin Sundler, Thorir Hardarson
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac020
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 708–717
Evidence from time-lapse monitoring suggests correlations between timing of key developmental events and embryo viability. No good quality evidence exists to support improved pregnancy rates following time-lapse selection.
Conjoined twins after single blastocyst transfer: a case report including detailed time-lapse recording of the earliest embryogenesis, from zygote to expanded blastocyst
Marie Louise Grøndahl, Julie Elisabeth Tharin, Lisa Leth Maroun, Finn Stener Jørgensen
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac004
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 718–724
Conjoined twins are estimated to occur in 1:50 000 pregnancies. Eighteen cases of pregnancies achieved by ART have been published of which three were achieved after single embryo transfer, allowing discussion of embryo characteristics.
Intrauterine administration of G-CSF for promoting endometrial growth after hysteroscopic adhesiolysis: a randomized controlled trial
Yanling Zhang, Xuanyu Chen, Sijia Chen, Cheng Wei, Baijia Li, Zilian Wang, Xiaolu Shen, Xiaona Lin
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac023
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 725–733
Intrauterine infusion of G-CSF has been used in attempts to treat patients with recurrent miscarriage and an idiopathic thin endometrium for either fresh or frozen-thawed embryo transfer cycles but without uniform efficacy.
Uterine fluid microRNAs are dysregulated in women with recurrent implantation failure
Carolina von Grothusen, Caroline Frisendahl, Vijayachitra Modhukur, Parameswaran Grace Lalitkumar, Maire Peters, Omid R Faridani, Andres Salumets, Nageswara Rao Boggavarapu, Kristina Gemzell-Danielsson
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac019
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 734–746
It has previously been demonstrated that the miRNAs secreted from endometrial cells into the UF contribute to the achievement of endometrial receptivity. Endometrial miRNAs are dysregulated in women with RIF.
EndoTime: non-categorical timing estimates for luteal endometrium
Julia Lipecki, Andrew E Mitchell, Joanne Muter, Emma S Lucas, Komal Makwana, Katherine Fishwick, Joshua Odendaal, Amelia Hawkes, Pavle Vrljicak, Jan J Brosens, Sascha Ott
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac006
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 747–761
Commercially available endometrial timing approaches based on gene expression require large gene sets and use a categorical approach that classifies samples as pre-receptive, receptive or post-receptive.
Breaking the ageing paradigm in endometrium: endometrial gene expression related to cilia and ageing hallmarks in women over 35 years
A Devesa-Peiro, P Sebastian-Leon, A Parraga-Leo, A Pellicer, P Diaz-Gimeno
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac010
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 762–776
Female fertility declines with age, largely attributed to declining oocyte quality and ovarian reserve. Combined with other evidence, a longstanding paradigm holds that age does not affect the endometrial function and age has not been controlled for properly in endometrial studies.
Trophectoderm differentiation to invasive syncytiotrophoblast is promoted by endometrial epithelial cells during human embryo implantation
Peter T Ruane, Terence Garner, Lydia Parsons, Phoebe A Babbington, Ivan Wangsaputra, Susan J Kimber, Adam Stevens, Melissa Westwood, Daniel R Brison, John D Aplin
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac008
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 777–792
A significant proportion of natural conceptions and assisted reproduction treatments fail due to unsuccessful implantation. The trophectoderm lineage of the embryo attaches to the endometrial epithelium before breaching this barrier to implant into the endometrium.
Emulating a target trial of the comparative effectiveness of clomiphene citrate and letrozole for ovulation induction
Jennifer J Yland, Yu-Han Chiu, Paolo Rinaudo, John Hsu, Miguel A Hernán, Sonia Hernández-DÃaz
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac005
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 793–805
Randomized trials have reported higher pregnancy and livebirth rates for letrozole versus clomiphene among individuals with PCOS, but no differences among those with unexplained infertility. None of these trials were designed to study maternal or neonatal complications.
Selective loss of kisspeptin signaling in oocytes causes progressive premature ovulatory failure
Suvi T Ruohonen, Francisco Gaytan, Andrea Usseglio Gaudi, Inmaculada Velasco, Krisztina Kukoricza, Cecilia Perdices-Lopez, Delphine Franssen, Ipek Guler, Arfa Mehmood, Laura L Elo, Claes Ohlsson, Matti Poutanen, Manuel Tena-Sempere
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deab287
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 806–821
Kisspeptins, encoded by the Kiss1 gene, are essential for the control of ovulation and fertility, acting primarily on hypothalamic GnRH neurons to stimulate gonadotropin secretion.
Excess mortality caused by the COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacts birth numbers in European countries
Christian De Geyter, Maddalena Masciocchi, Ursula Gobrecht-Keller
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac031
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 822–827
Since March 2020, in order to minimize spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and reducing strain on the health care systems, many national authorities have imposed containments and restricted both indoor and outdoor recreational activities. Historical events, such as electricity blackouts, have repeatedly been shown to exert incremental effects on birth numbers.
Dietary folate intake and fecundability in two preconception cohorts
Heidi T Cueto, Bjarke H Jacobsen, Anne Sofie Dam Laursen, Anders H Riis, Elizabeth E Hatch, Lauren A Wise, Ellen Trolle, Henrik Toft Sørensen, Kenneth J Rothman, Amelia K Wesselink, Sydney Willis, Benjamin R Johannesen, Ellen M Mikkelsen
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac002
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 828–837
Supplemental folic acid has been associated with improved fertility, but little is known about the relation between dietary folate and fecundability.
Fertility drugs and incidence of thyroid cancer in a Danish nationwide cohort of 146 024 infertile women
Sofie Lindquist, Susanne K Kjær, Vanna Albieri, Kirsten Frederiksen, Tatiana Hansen, Bugge Nøhr, Allan Jensen
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deab285
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 838–847
The incidence of thyroid cancer is higher for women than men, especially during reproductive years, indicating that reproductive hormones may be involved in the development of thyroid cancer.
Association of peripubertal blood lead levels with reproductive hormones and semen parameters in a longitudinal cohort of Russian men
Paige L Williams, Lidia MÃnguez-Alarcón, Susan A Korrick, Mary M Lee, Bora Plaku-Alakbarova, Jane S Burns, Luidmila Smigulina, Yury Dikov, Ramy Abou Ghayda, Russ Hauser, Oleg Sergeyev
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deab288
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 848–858
Lead is a known reproductive toxicant and endocrine disruptor. Previous literature has shown associations between high lead exposure and poorer semen quality both in occupationally and environmentally exposed men. However, to our knowledge, no longitudinal studies have explored the association of childhood lead exposure with semen parameters and reproductive hormones in young men.
Identification of a heterozygous variant of ZP2 as a novel cause of empty follicle syndrome in humans and mice
Ying Shen, Jing Guo, Xueguang Zhang, Xiang Wang, Shaomi Zhu, Daijuan Chen, Wei Xiong, Guangxiu Lu, Xiaojun Liu, Can Dai, Fei Gong, Yan Wang, Ge Lin, Zhenbo Wang, Wenming Xu
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac026
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 859–872
EFS is a complex disease defined as a complete failure of oocyte retrieval after ovarian stimulation and after repeated aspirations and flushing of mature ovarian follicles.
#ESHREjc report: Discrete choice experiments and patient decision-making in ART
Zoya Enakshi Ali, Juan J Fraire-Zamora, Julia Uraji, Sofia Makieva, Claudia Massarotti, Mina Mincheva, Omar Farhan Ammar, Joaquin Llacer, Mariana V Martins, Mariana Moura-Ramos, Rui Wang, Florian Kohlhepp
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac033
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Pages 873–875
Corrigendum to: P-733 In infertile patients, risk factors for environmental reprotoxic exposure are widespread, limited in number and modifiable
S Prades, C Sunyach, B Courbiere, C Metzler-Guillemain, F Bretelle, I Sari-Minodier, J Perrin
doi : 10.1093/humrep/deac025
Human Reproduction, Volume 37, Issue 4, April 2022, Page 876
