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In the Literature
Stan Deresinski
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad040
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages i–ii
Return to Travel in the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Recovery Period and Implications for Imported Malaria: Reinforcing Prevention, Early Diagnosis, and Appropriate Treatment of Malaria
Jonathan S Schultz, Kimberly E Mace, Kathrine R Tan
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad061
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1161–1163
Return to international travel in the COVID-19 pandemic recovery period is expected to increase the number of patients with imported malaria in the United States (US).
Household- Versus Incentive-Based Contact Investigation for Tuberculosis in Rural South Africa: A Cluster-Randomized Trial
Colleen F Hanrahan, Bareng Aletta Sanny Nonyane, Limakatso Lebina, Lesego Mmolawa, Tsundzukani Siwelana, Nora S West, Nicholas Albaugh, Neil Martinson, David W Dowdy
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac920
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1164–1172
Household contact investigation for people newly diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) is poorly implemented, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Conditional cash incentives may improve uptake.
Linezolid Population Pharmacokinetics to Improve Dosing in Cardiosurgical Patients: Factoring a New Drug–Drug Interaction Pathway
Manjunath P Pai, Pier Giorgio Cojutti, Valentina Gerussi, Paola Della Siega, Carlo Tascini, Federico Pea
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac917
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1173–1179
Linezolid-induced myelosuppression limits optimal therapy in cardiosurgical patients with deep-seated infections at current doses.
Impact of Vaccination With the SCB-2019 Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine on Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection: A Household Contact Study in the Philippines
Birkneh Tilahun Tadesse, Lulu Bravo, Florian Marks, Asma Binte Aziz, Young Ae You, Jonathan Sugimoto, Ping Li, Joyce Garcia, Frank Rockhold, Ralf Clemens, for the Household Contact Study Group
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac914
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1180–1187
An exploratory household transmission study was nested in SPECTRA, the phase 2/3 efficacy study of the adjuvanted recombinant protein-based COVID-19 vaccine SCB-2019. We compared the occurrence of confirmed COVID-19 infections between households and household contacts of infected SPECTRA placebo or SCB-2019 recipients.
Rectal Culture-Based Versus Empirical Antibiotic Prophylaxis to Prevent Infectious Complications in Men Undergoing Transrectal Prostate Biopsy: A Randomized, Nonblinded Multicenter Trial
Sofie C M Tops, Eva Kolwijck, Evert L Koldewijn, Diederik M Somford, Filip J M Delaere, Menno A van Leeuwen, Anthonius J Breeuwsma, Thijn F de Vocht, Hans J H P Broos, Rob A Schipper, Martijn G Steffens, Steven Teerenstra, Marjolijn C A Wegdam-Blans, Els de Brauwer, Wouter van den Bijllaardt, Alexander C A P Leenders, J P Michiel Sedelaar, Heiman F L Wertheim
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac913
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1188–1196
An increase in infections after transrectal prostate biopsy (PB), related to an increasing number of patients with ciprofloxacin-resistant rectal flora, necessitates the exploration of alternatives for the traditionally used empirical prophylaxis of ciprofloxacin. We compared infectious complication rates after transrectal PB using empirical ciprofloxacin prophylaxis versus culture-based prophylaxis.
Prevalence, Distribution, and Characteristics Associated With Possession of Buprenorphine Waivers Among Infectious Diseases Physicians in the United States
Ayako Wendy Fujita, Nora Loughry, DeLante E Moore, Andrea E Carter, Sophia A Hussen, Hannah Cooper, Jonathan A Colasanti, Anandi N Sheth
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac909
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1197–1204
Persons with opioid use disorder (OUD) may present with infectious complications from injection drug use; thus, infectious diseases (ID) physicians are uniquely positioned to treat OUD. Buprenorphine is safe and effective for OUD but remains underutilized. The prevalence and geographic distribution of ID physicians who are waivered to prescribe buprenorphine are unknown.
Meeting the Moment: More Infectious Disease Physicians Must Be Prepared to Provide Buprenorphine
Leah Harvey, Simeon D Kimmel, E Jennifer Edelman
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad036
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1205–1208
Association of Upper Respiratory Streptococcus pneumoniae Colonization With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection Among Adults
Anna M Parker, Nicole Jackson, Shevya Awasthi, Hanna Kim, Tess Alwan, Anne L Wyllie, Alisha B Baldwin, Nicole B Brennick, Erica A Moehle, Petros Giannikopoulos, Katherine Kogut, Nina Holland, Ana M Mora, Brenda Eskenazi, Lee W Riley, Joseph A Lewnard
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac907
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1209–1217
Streptococcus pneumoniae interacts with numerous viral respiratory pathogens in the upper airway. It is unclear whether similar interactions occur with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Care Continuum Outcomes After Transition to Adult Care Among a Prospective Cohort of Youth With HIV in Atlanta, Georgia
Sophia A Hussen, Kamini Doraivelu, Madeleine H Goldstein, Neeta Shenvi, Kirk A Easley, Brian C Zanoni, Andrés Camacho-González, Carlos del RÃo
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac904
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1218–1224
Healthcare transition from pediatric to adult-oriented clinical settings is often viewed as a high-risk time for care disengagement. However, there is a paucity of prospective, longitudinal research documenting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) care outcomes after healthcare transition.
Management of Drug-Drug Interactions Between Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine and Comedications With Inducing Properties: A Modeling Study
Sara Bettonte, Mattia Berton, Felix Stader, Manuel Battegay, Catia Marzolini
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac901
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1225–1236
Long-acting (LA) intramuscular cabotegravir and rilpivirine are prone to drug-drug interactions (DDI). However, given the long dosing interval, the conduct of clinical DDIs studies with LA antiretrovirals is challenging. We performed virtual clinical DDI studies using physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling to provide recommendations for the management of DDIs with strong or moderate inducers such as rifampicin or rifabutin.
Metformin Use Is Associated With Lower Mortality in Veterans With Diabetes Hospitalized With Pneumonia
Turab Mohammed, Michael Bowe, Alexandria Plant, Mario Perez, Carlos A Alvarez, Eric M Mortensen
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac900
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1237–1244
Recent studies suggest that metformin use may be associated with improved infectious disease–related outcomes, whereas other papers suggest potentially worse outcomes in serious bacterial infections. Our purpose was to examine the association of prior outpatient prescription of metformin on 30- and 90-day mortality for older veterans with pre-existing diabetes hospitalized with pneumonia.
Metformin and Infections: What Is the Next Step in This Decades-Long Story?
Michihiko Goto, Eli N Perencevich
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac903
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1245–1246
AZD7442 (Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab) for Post-Exposure Prophylaxis of Symptomatic Coronavirus Disease 2019
Myron J Levin, Andrew Ustianowski, Steven Thomas, Alison Templeton, Yuan Yuan, Seth Seegobin, Catherine F Houlihan, Ibrahim Menendez-Perez, Simon Pollett, Rosalinda H Arends, Rohini Beavon, Kanika Dey, Pedro Garbes, Elizabeth J Kelly, Gavin C K W Koh, Stefan Ivanov, Karen A Near, Audrey Sharbaugh, Katie Streicher, Menelas N Pangalos, Mark T Esser, the COVID-19 Study to Optimally Reduce Morbidity in CareHomes and Sites with Enhanced Risk (STORMCHASER) Study Group
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac899
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1247–1256
This phase 3 trial assessed AZD7442 (tixagevimab/cilgavimab) for post-exposure prophylaxis against symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
The Promise and Peril of Anti–Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Monoclonal Antibodies
Jennifer M Davis, Jonathan Z Li
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac902
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1257–1259
Black and White Patients With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Have Similar Outcomes but Different Risk Factors
Felicia Ruffin, Michael Dagher, Lawrence P Park, Lisa Wanda, Jonathan Hill-Rorie, Michael Mohnasky, Julia Marshall, Maria Souli, Paul Lantos, Batu K Sharma-Kuinkel, Stacey A Maskarinec, Emily M Eichenberger, Charles Muiruri, Brittney Broadnax, Vance G Fowler, Jr
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac893
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1260–1265
Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB) disproportionately affects Black patients. The reasons for this disparity are unclear.
High Cytomegalovirus Viral Load Is Associated With 182-Day All-Cause Mortality in Hospitalized People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Mingxia Fang, Xiaoling Lin, Congyue Wang, Xihong Yang, Jiahui Li, Ziwei Chang, Yuanyuan Zhang, Hongxia Wei, Zhihang Peng, Zhiliang Hu
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac892
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1266–1275
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is associated with increased mortality in persons with HIV (PWH). It is less clear whether CMV infection is still associated with mortality when routinely screened and adequately treated.
Omicron Subvariants: Clinical, Laboratory, and Cell Culture Characterization
C Paul Morris, Raghda E Eldesouki, Jaiprasath Sachithanandham, Amary Fall, Julie M Norton, Omar Abdullah, Nicholas Gallagher, Maggie Li, Andrew Pekosz, Eili Y Klein, Heba H Mostafa
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac885
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1276–1284
The variant of concern Omicron has become the sole circulating severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant for the past several months. Omicron subvariants BA.1, BA.2, BA.3, BA.4, and BA.5 evolved over the time, with BA.1 causing the largest wave of infections globally in December 2021–January 2022.
Occupations Associated With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection and Vaccination, US Blood Donors, May 2021–December 2021
Melisa M Shah, Bryan R Spencer, Leora R Feldstein, James M Haynes, Tina J Benoit, Sharon H Saydah, Matthew R Groenewold, Susan L Stramer, Jefferson M Jones
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac883
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1285–1294
There are limited data on the risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in the United States by occupation. We identified occupations at higher risk for prior SARS-CoV-2 infection as defined by the presence of infection-induced antibodies among US blood donors.
The Geographic Distribution of Dimorphic Mycoses in the United States for the Modern Era
Patrick B Mazi, John M Sahrmann, Margaret A Olsen, Ariella Coler-Reilly, Adriana M Rauseo, Matthew Pullen, Julio C Zuniga-Moya, William G Powderly, Andrej Spec
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac882
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1295–1301
The dimorphic mycoses (DMs) of the United States—Histoplasma, Coccidioides, and Blastomyces—commonly known as endemic mycoses of North America (in addition to Paracoccidioides) are increasingly being diagnosed outside their historical areas of endemicity.
Out of Bounds: A Critical Appraisal of the Changing Geography of the Endemic Mycoses
Ilan S Schwartz, Nathan C Bahr
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac963
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1302–1303
VPM1002 as Prophylaxis Against Severe Respiratory Tract Infections Including Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the Elderly: A Phase 3 Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Study
Alexandra M Blossey, Sina Brückner, Marcus May, Gerald P Parzmair, Hitt Sharma, Umesh Shaligram, Leander Grode, Stefan H E Kaufmann, Mihai G Netea, Christoph Schindler
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac881
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1304–1310
Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination can potentially reduce the rate of respiratory infections in vulnerable populations. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of VPM1002 (a genetically modified BCG) as prophylaxis against severe respiratory tract infections including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in an elderly population.
Evaluating the Accuracy of Self-Collected Swabs for the Diagnosis of Mpox
Maria Ubals, Eloy José TarÃn-Vicente, Xènia Oller, Adrià Mendoza, Andrea Alemany, Ã�gueda Hernández-RodrÃguez, Cristina Casañ, Ã�ngel Rivero, Pep Coll, José Miguel Cabrera, Martà Vall, Manuel Agud-Dios, Elena Gil-Cruz, Alexia Paris de Leon, AÃda RamÃrez Marinero, MarÃa Dolores Folgueira, MarÃa Ã�ngeles Meléndez, Vira Buhiichyk, Cristina Galván-Casas, Roger Paredes, Nuria Prat, Maria-Rosa Sala Farré, Josep Maria Bonet-Simó, Pablo L Ortiz-Romero, Bonaventura Clotet, Pere-Joan Cardona, Ignacio Blanco, Michael Marks, Clara Suñer, Oriol Mitjà , The Movie Group
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac889
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1311–1314
We evaluated the accuracy of patient-collected skin lesions, oropharyngeal, and rectal swabs among 50 individuals enrolled in a study of mpox viral dynamics. We found that the performance of self-collected samples was similar to that of physician-collected samples, suggesting that self-sampling is a reliable strategy for diagnosing mpox.
The Association Between Prebooster Vaccination Antibody Levels and the Risk of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
Noam Barda, Michal Canetti, Mayan Gilboa, Keren Asraf, Victoria Indenboim, Yael Weiss-Ottolenghi, Sharon Amit, Daniel Zubli, Ram Doolman, Ella Mendelson, Laurence S Freedman, Yitshak Kreiss, Yaniv Lustig, Gili Regev-Yochay
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac886
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1315–1317
The correlation between anti–severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody levels and infection was reported. Here, we estimated the role of pre–fourth dose levels using data from 1098 healthcare workers. The risk of infection was reduced by 46% (95% confidence interval, 29%–59%) for each 10-fold increase in prebooster levels. Prebooster antibody levels could be used to optimally time boosters.
Association Between the Development of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Reservoir Markers in People With HIV on Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy
Isabelle Turcotte, Mohamed El-Far, Manel Sadouni, Carl Chartrand-Lefebvre, Ali Filali-Mouhim, Rémi Fromentin, Annie Chamberland, Mohammad-Ali Jenabian, Jean-Guy Baril, Benoit Trottier, Réjean Thomas, Cécile L Tremblay, Madeleine Durand, Nicolas Chomont, the Canadian HIV and Aging Cohort Study
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac874
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1318–1321
We report that people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosed with coronary artery atherosclerotic plaques display higher levels of HIV DNA compared with those without atherosclerotic plaques. In a multivariable prediction model that included 27 traditional and HIV-related risk factors, measures of HIV DNA were among the most important predictors of atherosclerotic plaque formation.
Medical Student Debt and the US Infectious Diseases Workforce
Medical Student Debt and the US Infectious Diseases Workforce
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac862
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1322–1327
Student debt in the United States is at historically high levels and poses an excessive burden on medical graduates. Studies suggest that financial limitations dissuade some medical trainees from pursuing careers in infectious diseases (ID) and other cognitive specialties, despite their interest in the subject matter.
Efficacy and Tolerability of Concomitant Use of Bedaquiline and Delamanid for Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Freja Breth Holmgaard, Lorenzo Guglielmetti, Troels Lillebaek, Ã…se Bengaard Andersen, Christian Wejse, Victor Naestholt Dahl
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac876
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1328–1337
The introduction of two novel drugs, bedaquiline and delamanid, has given hope for better and shorter treatments of drug-resistant tuberculosis. A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of concomitant bedaquiline and delamanid administration.
Nodular Skin Lesions in a Patient With X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia
Nodular Skin Lesions in a Patient With X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac449
Catherine A Popadiuk, Ryan Svoboda, Rezhan Hussein, Taha Al-Shaikhly
Persistence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 to Explain Long Coronavirus Disease 2019 Is Not Consistent With the Available Data
Armin Alaedini, Gary P Wormser
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac895
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Page 1342
Reply to Alaedini and Wormser
Zoe Swank, Yasmeen Senussi, Zachary Manickas-Hill, Xu G Yu, Jonathan Z Li, Galit Alter, David R Walt
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac896
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1342–1343
Guiding Yellow Fever Vaccination Strategy Worldwide: Booster = Better?
Charlotte Martin, Nicolas Dauby
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac890
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1343–1344
Reply to Martin and Dauby
Kerstin Kling, Cristina Domingo, Christian Bogdan, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Thomas Harder
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac891
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1344–1345
Correction to: Effectiveness of Messenger RNA–Based Vaccines During the Emergence of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron Variant
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac810
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Page 1346
Correction to: Persistent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Resetting the Clock for Optimal Management
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad008
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Pages 1346–1347
Correction to: Single-Dose mRNA Vaccine Effectiveness Against Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, Including Alpha and Gamma Variants: A Test-Negative Design in Adults 70 Years and Older in British Columbia, Canada
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac607
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Page 1347
Correction to: The Lanzhou Brucella Leak: The Largest Laboratory Accident in the History of Infectious Diseases?
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac806
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 7, 1 April 2023, Page 1347
