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Sulbactam-durlobactam: A Step Forward in Treating Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) Infections
Richard R Watkins, Robert A Bonomo
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad093
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S163–S165,
Antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative pathogens, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, is a serious threat to human health. Sulbactam-durlobactam, a unique β-lactam and a β-lactamase inhibitor combination, is a novel agent targeted against carbapenem-resistant A.
Global Epidemiology and Mechanisms of Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus Complex
Mariana Castanheira, Rodrigo E Mendes, Ana C Gales
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad109
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S166–S178
Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex is the most commonly identified species in the genus Acinetobacter and it accounts for a large percentage of nosocomial infections, including bacteremia, pneumonia, and infections of the skin and urinary tract.
Navigating Available Treatment Options for Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus Complex Infections
Ryan K Shields, David L Paterson, Pranita D Tamma
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad094
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S179–S193
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (CRAB) is one of the top-priority pathogens for new antibiotic development. Unlike other antibiotic-resistant threats, none of the available therapies have been shown to consistently reduce mortality or improve patient outcomes in clinical trials.
Durlobactam, a Broad-Spectrum Serine β-lactamase Inhibitor, Restores Sulbactam Activity Against Acinetobacter Species
Krisztina M Papp-Wallace, Sarah M McLeod, Alita A Miller
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad095
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S194–S201
Sulbactam-durlobactam is a pathogen-targeted β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination in late-stage development for the treatment of Acinetobacter infections, including those caused by multidrug-resistant strains. Durlobactam is a member of the diazabicyclooctane class of β-lactamase inhibitors with broad-spectrum serine β-lactamase activity.
The Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamic Relationship of Durlobactam in Combination With Sulbactam in In Vitro and In Vivo Infection Model Systems Versus Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus Complex
John P O’Donnell, Sujata M Bhavnani
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad096
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S202–S209
Sulbactam-durlobactam is a β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination currently in development for the treatment of infections caused by Acinetobacter, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates.
Pathogen-Targeted Clinical Development to Address Unmet Medical Need: Design, Safety, and Efficacy of the ATTACK Trial
Richard R Watkins, Bin Du, Robin Isaacs, David Altarac
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad097
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S210–S214
There is a crucial need for novel antibiotics to stem the tide of antimicrobial resistance, particularly against difficult to treat gram-negative pathogens like Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (ABC).
In the Literature
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad138
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages i–ii
Can We Prevent Congenital Infection by Cytomegalovirus?
Stanley A Plotkin
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad179
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1705–1707
Cytomegalovirus is now the most common cause of congenital infections, leading to numerous abnormalities. After 50 years of failed attempts to develop a licensed vaccine to be given to women before pregnancy, modern platforms for vaccine construction allow hope for an effective prophylactic.
Clinical Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care of Ukrainian War Refugees in Poland
Miłosz Parczewski, Elżbieta Jabłonowska, Kamila Wójcik-Cichy, Dmytro Zhyvytsia, Magdalena Witak-Jędra, Magdalena Leszczyszyn-Pynka, Bogusz Aksak-Wąs, Ewa Siwak, Iwona Cielniak, Anita Olczak, Aleksandra Szymczak, Bartosz Szetela, Monika Bociąga-Jasik, Anna Kalinowska-Nowak, Elżbieta Mularska, Adam Witor, Paweł Jakubowski, Maria Hlebowicz, Błażej Rozpłochowski, Władysław �ojewski, Kaja Scheibe, Karol Serwin
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad116
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1708–1715
The Russian invasion of Ukraine forced migration for safety, protection, and assistance. Poland is the primary sheltering country for Ukrainian refugees, providing support including medical care, which resulted in the rapid ∼15% increase in the number of followed-up people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) in the country.
Circulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 A6 Variant in the Eastern Border of the European Union—Dynamics of the Virus Transmissions Between Poland and Ukraine
Karol Serwin, Antoine Chaillon, Kaja Scheibe, Anna Urbańska, Bogusz Aksak-Wąs, Piotr Ząbek, Ewa Siwak, Iwona Cielniak, Elżbieta Jabłonowska, Kamila Wójcik-Cichy, Paweł Jakubowski, Monika Bociąga-Jasik, Adam Witor, Bartosz Szetela, Miłosz Parczewski
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad058
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1716–1724
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 A6 variant is dominating in high-prevalence Eastern European countries, with increasing prevalence over the remaining regions of Europe. The recent war in Ukraine may contribute to further introductions of this A6 lineage. Our aim was to model the transmission dynamics of the HIV-1 A6 variant between Poland and Ukraine.
Dynamics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 A6 Variant Transmissions Between Poland and Ukraine
Jonathan M Schapiro
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad062
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1725–1726
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status, Tenofovir Exposure, and the Risk of Poor Coronavirus Disease 19 Outcomes: Real-World Analysis From 6 United States Cohorts Before Vaccine Rollout
Alexandra N Lea, Wendy A Leyden, Oleg Sofrygin, Ben J Marafino, Jacek Skarbinski, Sonia Napravnik, Deana Agil, Michael Augenbraun, Lorie Benning, Michael A Horberg, Celeena Jefferson, Vincent C Marconi, Lesley S Park, Kirsha S Gordon, Lisa Bastarache, Srushti Gangireddy, Keri N Althoff, Sally B Coburn, Kelly A Gebo, Raynell Lang, Carolyn Williams, Michael J Silverberg
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad084
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1727–1734
People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) may be at increased risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. We examined HIV status and COVID-19 severity, and whether tenofovir, used by PWH for HIV treatment and people without HIV (PWoH) for HIV prevention, was associated with protection.
Question of Whether Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine Provides Protection Against Clinical Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019
Julia del Amo
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad086
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1735–1737
Prevalence of Ocular Candidiasis and Candida Endophthalmitis in Patients With Candidemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Kasidis Phongkhun, Thananop Pothikamjorn, Karan Srisurapanont, Kasama Manothummetha, Anawin Sanguankeo, Achitpol Thongkam, Nipat Chuleerarux, Surachai Leksuwankun, Tanaporn Meejun, Jaedvara Thanakitcharu, Morgan Walker, Shilpa Gopinath, Pattama Torvorapanit, Nattapong Langsiri, Navaporn Worasilchai, Chatphatai Moonla, Rongpong Plongla, Olivia S Kates, Saman Nematollahi, Nitipong Permpalung
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad064
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1738–1749
Infectious diseases and ophthalmology professional societies have disagreed regarding ocular screening in patients with candidemia. We aimed to summarize the current evidence on the prevalence of ocular candidiasis (OC) and Candida endophthalmitis (CE) according to the standardized definitions.
Prevalence of Ocular Complications in Candidemia: Defining the “Battlefield�
Adriana M Rauseo, Andrej Spec
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad067
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1750–1752
Relative Effectiveness of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination and Booster Dose Combinations Among 18.9 Million Vaccinated Adults During the Early Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron Period—United States, 1 January 2022 to 31 March 2022
Lyudmyla Kompaniyets, Ryan E Wiegand, Adewole C Oyalowo, Lara Bull-Otterson, Heartley Egwuogu, Trevor Thompson, Ka‘imi Kahihikolo, Lori Moore, Nkenge Jones-Jack, Roua El Kalach, Arunkumar Srinivasan, Ashley Messer, Tamara Pilishvili, Aaron M Harris, Adi V Gundlapalli, Ruth Link-Gelles, Tegan K Boehmer
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad063
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1753–1760
Small sample sizes have limited prior studies' ability to capture severe COVID-19 outcomes, especially among Ad26.COV2.S vaccine recipients. This study of 18.9 million adults aged ≥18 years assessed relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) in three recipient cohorts: (1) primary Ad26.COV2.S vaccine and Ad26.COV2.S booster (2 Ad26.COV2.S), (2) primary Ad26.COV2.S vaccine and mRNA booster (Ad26.COV2.S+mRNA), (3) two doses of primary mRNA vaccine and mRNA booster (3 mRNA).
Relationship Between Immune Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccines and Development of Breakthrough Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: The CONTRAST Cohort
Cecilia Bonazzetti, Beatrice Tazza, Dino Gibertoni, Zeno Pasquini, Natascia Caroccia, Francesca Fanì, Giacomo Fornaro, Renato Pascale, Matteo Rinaldi, Beatrice Miani, Chiara Gamberini, Maria Cristina Morelli, Mariarosa Tamé, Marco Busutti, Giorgia Comai, Luciano Potena, Laura Borgese, Elena Salvaterra, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Luigia Scudeller, Pierluigi Viale, Maddalena Giannella, the CONTRAST Study Group
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad016
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1761–1767
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients is associated with poorer antibody response (AbR) compared with non-SOT recipients. However, its impact on the risk of breakthrough infection (BI) has yet to be assessed.
Discordant Clinical and Microbiological Outcomes Are Associated With Late Clinical Relapse in Clinical Trials for Complicated Urinary Tract Infections
Nadia Kadry, Mukil Natarajan, Edward Bein, Peter Kim, John Farley
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad010
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1768–1775
Current US Food and Drug Administration guidance recommends that the primary endpoint for complicated urinary tract infection clinical trials be a composite of the clinical and microbiological responses, assessed at a fixed point after therapy.
Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 Ratios in Older People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Sarah A Cooley, Brittany Nelson, Anna Boerwinkle, Kevin E Yarasheski, Kris M Kirmess, Matthew R Meyer, Suzanne E Schindler, John C Morris, Anne Fagan, Beau M Ances, Jane A O’Halloran
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad001
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1776–1783
As people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) age, it remains unclear whether they are at higher risk for age-related neurodegenerative disorders—for example, Alzheimer disease (AD)—and, if so, how to differentiate HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment from AD.
Three-Day Icatibant on Top of Standard Care in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia: A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 2, Proof-of-Concept Trial
Pierre Malchair, Jordi Giol, Vanesa GarcÃa, Orlando RodrÃguez, José Carlos Ruibal, Alvaro Zarauza, Ferrán Llopis, Leire Matellán, Tania Bernal, Beatriz SolÃs, Aurema Otero, Thiago Carnaval, Hector Jofre, Javier Jacob, Xavier Solanich, Arnau AntolÃ, Gemma Rocamora, Sebastián Videla
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac984
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1784–1792
We aimed to evaluate icatibant, a competitive antagonist of the bradykinin B2 receptors, for the treatment of inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia admitted in the early hypoxemic stage.
Prevalence of Testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Among Medicaid Enrollees Treated With Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in 11 States, 2016–2019
Katherine Ahrens, Michael Sharbaugh, Marian P Jarlenski, Lu Tang, Lindsay Allen, Anna E Austin, Andrew J Barnes, Marguerite E Burns, Sarah Clark, Kara Zivin, Aimee Mack, Gilbert Liu, Shamis Mohamoud, Mary Joan McDuffie, Lindsey Hammerslag, Adam J Gordon, Julie M Donohue, for the Writing Committee for Medicaid Outcomes Distributed Research Network
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac981
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1793–1801
Limited information exists about testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among Medicaid enrollees after starting medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), despite guidelines recommending such testing.
QuantiFERON Supernatant-Based Host Biomarkers Predicting Progression to Active Tuberculosis Disease Among Household Contacts of Tuberculosis Patients
Evangeline Ann Daniel, Kannan Thiruvengadam, Anuradha Rajamanickam, Padmapriyadarsini Chandrasekaran, Sathyamurthi Pattabiraman, Brindha Bhanu, Amsaveni Sivaprakasam, Mandar Paradkar, Vandana Kulkarni, Rajesh Karyakarte, Shri Vijay Bala Yogendra Shivakumar, Vidya Mave, Amita Gupta, Subash Babu, Luke Elizabeth Hanna
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac979
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1802–1813
The positive predictive value of tuberculin skin test and current generation interferon gamma release assays are very low leading to high numbers needed to treat. Therefore, it is critical to identify new biomarkers with high predictive accuracy to identify individuals bearing high risk of progression to active tuberculosis (TB).
Severe Bacterial Non-AIDS Infections in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The Epidemiology and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance Over an 18-Year Period (2000–2017) in the ANRS CO3 AquiVih-Nouvelle-Aquitaine Cohort
Peggy Blanc, Fabrice Bonnet, Olivier Leleux, Adélaïde Perrier, Emilie Bessede, Sabine Pereyre, Charles Cazanave, Didier Neau, Marc-Olivier Vareil, Estibaliz Lazaro, Pierre Duffau, Aurélie Saunier, Katell André, Linda Wittkop, Marie-Anne Vandenhende, for the ANRS CO3 AquiVih-Nouvelle-Aquitaine Cohort Study Group
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac978
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1814–1821
Severe non-AIDS bacterial infections (SBIs) are among the leading causes of hospital admissions among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) in regions with high antiretroviral therapy coverage.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection History and Antibody Response to 3 Coronavirus Disease 2019 Messenger RNA Vaccine Doses
Meghan K Herring, James K Romine, Meredith G Wesley, Katherine D Ellingson, Sarang K Yoon, Alberto J Caban-Martinez, Jennifer Meece, Manjusha Gaglani, Lauren Grant, Lauren E W Olsho, Harmony L Tyner, Allison L Naleway, Sana M Khan, Andrew L Phillips, Natasha Schaefer Solle, Spencer Rose, Josephine Mak, Sammantha B Fuller, Angela Hunt, Jennifer L Kuntz, Shawn Beitel, Young M Yoo, Pearl Q Zheng, Gayatri Arani, Julie Mayo Lamberte, Taylor Edwards, Mark G Thompson, Ryan Sprissler, Natalie J Thornburg, Ashley A Lowe, Tamara Pilishvili, Jennifer L Uhrlaub, Karen Lutrick, Jefferey L Burgess, Ashley L Fowlkes
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac976
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1822–1831
Data on antibody kinetics are limited among individuals previously infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). From a cohort of healthcare personnel and other frontline workers in 6 US states, we assessed antibody waning after messenger RNA (mRNA) dose 2 and response to dose 3 according to SARS-CoV-2 infection history.
Initial Supplementary Dose of Dolutegravir in Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy: A Noncomparative, Double-Blind, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Ying Zhao, Rulan Griesel, Zaayid Omar, Bryony Simmons, Andrew Hill, Gert van Zyl, Claire Keene, Gary Maartens, Graeme Meintjes
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad023
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1832–1840
Dolutegravir concentrations are reduced by efavirenz induction effect necessitating twice-daily dolutegravir dosing when coadministered. Efavirenz induction persists for several weeks after stopping, which could potentially select for dolutegravir resistance if switching occurred with unsuppressed human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA levels and standard dolutegravir dosing. We evaluated the need for a lead-in supplementary dolutegravir dose in adults failing first-line tenofovir-emtricitabine-efavirenz (TEE).
A Papuloulcerative Rash in an Immunocompetent Child
Christopher P Ouellette
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac587
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1841–1842
Severe Mpox Infections in People With Uncontrolled Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Anusha Govind, Susana M Lazarte, Ellen Kitchell, Jeremy Y Chow, Carolee D Estelle, Emma Fixsen, Caitlin Helm, Mamta K Jain, Roma Mehta, Trish M Perl, Jaini M Sutaria, Cristina Thomas, Arturo R Dominguez, Netanya S Utay
doi : 0.1093/cid/ciad052
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1843–1846
In the current mpox outbreak, infections are usually self-limited. We describe 3 patients with uncontrolled HIV and mpox infections lasting months, causing debilitating lesions, complications, and death, despite initiating anti-mpox and antiretroviral therapy. Delayed treatment of mpox with antiviral agents may contribute to poor outcomes in severely immunocompromised patients.
Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to Healthcare Personnel Resulting From Contaminated Bone Graft Material, United States, June 2021–August 2022
Ruoran Li, Molly Deutsch-Feldman, Tamasin Adams, Michelle Law, Chinpar Biak, Erika Pitcher, Marci Drees, Alfonso C Hernandez-Romieu, Thomas D Filardo, Tracina Cropper, Angelica Martinez, W Wyatt Wilson, Sandy P Althomsons, Sapna Bamrah Morris, Jonathan M Wortham, Isaac Benowitz, Noah G Schwartz, Kelly White, Maryam B Haddad, Janet B Glowicz, for the Bone Allograft Tuberculosis Investigators
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad029
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1847–1849
A nationwide tuberculosis outbreak linked to a viable bone allograft product contaminated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified in June 2021. Our subsequent investigation identified 73 healthcare personnel with new latent tuberculosis infection following exposure to the contaminated product, product recipients, surgical instruments, or medical waste.
Sulbactam-durlobactam: A Step Forward in Treating Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) Infections
Richard R Watkins, Robert A Bonomo
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad093
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S163–S165,
Antimicrobial resistance in gram-negative pathogens, such as Acinetobacter baumannii, is a serious threat to human health. Sulbactam-durlobactam, a unique β-lactam and a β-lactamase inhibitor combination, is a novel agent targeted against carbapenem-resistant A.
Global Epidemiology and Mechanisms of Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus Complex
Mariana Castanheira, Rodrigo E Mendes, Ana C Gales
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad109
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S166–S178
Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex is the most commonly identified species in the genus Acinetobacter and it accounts for a large percentage of nosocomial infections, including bacteremia, pneumonia, and infections of the skin and urinary tract.
Navigating Available Treatment Options for Carbapenem-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus Complex Infections
Ryan K Shields, David L Paterson, Pranita D Tamma
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad094
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S179–S193
Carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (CRAB) is one of the top-priority pathogens for new antibiotic development. Unlike other antibiotic-resistant threats, none of the available therapies have been shown to consistently reduce mortality or improve patient outcomes in clinical trials.
Durlobactam, a Broad-Spectrum Serine β-lactamase Inhibitor, Restores Sulbactam Activity Against Acinetobacter Species
Krisztina M Papp-Wallace, Sarah M McLeod, Alita A Miller
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad095
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S194–S201
Sulbactam-durlobactam is a pathogen-targeted β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination in late-stage development for the treatment of Acinetobacter infections, including those caused by multidrug-resistant strains. Durlobactam is a member of the diazabicyclooctane class of β-lactamase inhibitors with broad-spectrum serine β-lactamase activity.
The Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamic Relationship of Durlobactam in Combination With Sulbactam in In Vitro and In Vivo Infection Model Systems Versus Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus Complex
John P O’Donnell, Sujata M Bhavnani
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad096
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S202–S209
Sulbactam-durlobactam is a β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination currently in development for the treatment of infections caused by Acinetobacter, including multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates.
Pathogen-Targeted Clinical Development to Address Unmet Medical Need: Design, Safety, and Efficacy of the ATTACK Trial
Richard R Watkins, Bin Du, Robin Isaacs, David Altarac
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad097
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue Supplement_2, 1 May 2023, Pages S210–S214
There is a crucial need for novel antibiotics to stem the tide of antimicrobial resistance, particularly against difficult to treat gram-negative pathogens like Acinetobacter baumannii-calcoaceticus complex (ABC).
In the Literature
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad138
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages i–ii
Can We Prevent Congenital Infection by Cytomegalovirus?
Stanley A Plotkin
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad179
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1705–1707
Cytomegalovirus is now the most common cause of congenital infections, leading to numerous abnormalities. After 50 years of failed attempts to develop a licensed vaccine to be given to women before pregnancy, modern platforms for vaccine construction allow hope for an effective prophylactic.
Clinical Perspective on Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care of Ukrainian War Refugees in Poland
Miłosz Parczewski, Elżbieta Jabłonowska, Kamila Wójcik-Cichy, Dmytro Zhyvytsia, Magdalena Witak-Jędra, Magdalena Leszczyszyn-Pynka, Bogusz Aksak-Wąs, Ewa Siwak, Iwona Cielniak, Anita Olczak, Aleksandra Szymczak, Bartosz Szetela, Monika Bociąga-Jasik, Anna Kalinowska-Nowak, Elżbieta Mularska, Adam Witor, Paweł Jakubowski, Maria Hlebowicz, Błażej Rozpłochowski, Władysław �ojewski, Kaja Scheibe, Karol Serwin
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad116
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1708–1715
The Russian invasion of Ukraine forced migration for safety, protection, and assistance. Poland is the primary sheltering country for Ukrainian refugees, providing support including medical care, which resulted in the rapid ∼15% increase in the number of followed-up people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) in the country.
Circulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 A6 Variant in the Eastern Border of the European Union—Dynamics of the Virus Transmissions Between Poland and Ukraine
Karol Serwin, Antoine Chaillon, Kaja Scheibe, Anna Urbańska, Bogusz Aksak-Wąs, Piotr Ząbek, Ewa Siwak, Iwona Cielniak, Elżbieta Jabłonowska, Kamila Wójcik-Cichy, Paweł Jakubowski, Monika Bociąga-Jasik, Adam Witor, Bartosz Szetela, Miłosz Parczewski
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad058
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1716–1724
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 A6 variant is dominating in high-prevalence Eastern European countries, with increasing prevalence over the remaining regions of Europe. The recent war in Ukraine may contribute to further introductions of this A6 lineage. Our aim was to model the transmission dynamics of the HIV-1 A6 variant between Poland and Ukraine.
Dynamics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 A6 Variant Transmissions Between Poland and Ukraine
Jonathan M Schapiro
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad062
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1725–1726
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Status, Tenofovir Exposure, and the Risk of Poor Coronavirus Disease 19 Outcomes: Real-World Analysis From 6 United States Cohorts Before Vaccine Rollout
Alexandra N Lea, Wendy A Leyden, Oleg Sofrygin, Ben J Marafino, Jacek Skarbinski, Sonia Napravnik, Deana Agil, Michael Augenbraun, Lorie Benning, Michael A Horberg, Celeena Jefferson, Vincent C Marconi, Lesley S Park, Kirsha S Gordon, Lisa Bastarache, Srushti Gangireddy, Keri N Althoff, Sally B Coburn, Kelly A Gebo, Raynell Lang, Carolyn Williams, Michael J Silverberg
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad084
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1727–1734
People with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) may be at increased risk for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes. We examined HIV status and COVID-19 severity, and whether tenofovir, used by PWH for HIV treatment and people without HIV (PWoH) for HIV prevention, was associated with protection.
Question of Whether Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine Provides Protection Against Clinical Severity of Coronavirus Disease 2019
Julia del Amo
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad086
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1735–1737
Prevalence of Ocular Candidiasis and Candida Endophthalmitis in Patients With Candidemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Kasidis Phongkhun, Thananop Pothikamjorn, Karan Srisurapanont, Kasama Manothummetha, Anawin Sanguankeo, Achitpol Thongkam, Nipat Chuleerarux, Surachai Leksuwankun, Tanaporn Meejun, Jaedvara Thanakitcharu, Morgan Walker, Shilpa Gopinath, Pattama Torvorapanit, Nattapong Langsiri, Navaporn Worasilchai, Chatphatai Moonla, Rongpong Plongla, Olivia S Kates, Saman Nematollahi, Nitipong Permpalung
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad064
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1738–1749
Infectious diseases and ophthalmology professional societies have disagreed regarding ocular screening in patients with candidemia. We aimed to summarize the current evidence on the prevalence of ocular candidiasis (OC) and Candida endophthalmitis (CE) according to the standardized definitions.
Prevalence of Ocular Complications in Candidemia: Defining the “Battlefield�
Adriana M Rauseo, Andrej Spec
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad067
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1750–1752
Relative Effectiveness of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination and Booster Dose Combinations Among 18.9 Million Vaccinated Adults During the Early Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron Period—United States, 1 January 2022 to 31 March 2022
Lyudmyla Kompaniyets, Ryan E Wiegand, Adewole C Oyalowo, Lara Bull-Otterson, Heartley Egwuogu, Trevor Thompson, Ka‘imi Kahihikolo, Lori Moore, Nkenge Jones-Jack, Roua El Kalach, Arunkumar Srinivasan, Ashley Messer, Tamara Pilishvili, Aaron M Harris, Adi V Gundlapalli, Ruth Link-Gelles, Tegan K Boehmer
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad063
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1753–1760
Small sample sizes have limited prior studies' ability to capture severe COVID-19 outcomes, especially among Ad26.COV2.S vaccine recipients. This study of 18.9 million adults aged ≥18 years assessed relative vaccine effectiveness (rVE) in three recipient cohorts: (1) primary Ad26.COV2.S vaccine and Ad26.COV2.S booster (2 Ad26.COV2.S), (2) primary Ad26.COV2.S vaccine and mRNA booster (Ad26.COV2.S+mRNA), (3) two doses of primary mRNA vaccine and mRNA booster (3 mRNA).
Relationship Between Immune Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccines and Development of Breakthrough Infection in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: The CONTRAST Cohort
Cecilia Bonazzetti, Beatrice Tazza, Dino Gibertoni, Zeno Pasquini, Natascia Caroccia, Francesca Fanì, Giacomo Fornaro, Renato Pascale, Matteo Rinaldi, Beatrice Miani, Chiara Gamberini, Maria Cristina Morelli, Mariarosa Tamé, Marco Busutti, Giorgia Comai, Luciano Potena, Laura Borgese, Elena Salvaterra, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Luigia Scudeller, Pierluigi Viale, Maddalena Giannella, the CONTRAST Study Group
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad016
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1761–1767
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients is associated with poorer antibody response (AbR) compared with non-SOT recipients. However, its impact on the risk of breakthrough infection (BI) has yet to be assessed.
Discordant Clinical and Microbiological Outcomes Are Associated With Late Clinical Relapse in Clinical Trials for Complicated Urinary Tract Infections
Nadia Kadry, Mukil Natarajan, Edward Bein, Peter Kim, John Farley
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad010
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1768–1775
Current US Food and Drug Administration guidance recommends that the primary endpoint for complicated urinary tract infection clinical trials be a composite of the clinical and microbiological responses, assessed at a fixed point after therapy.
Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 Ratios in Older People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Sarah A Cooley, Brittany Nelson, Anna Boerwinkle, Kevin E Yarasheski, Kris M Kirmess, Matthew R Meyer, Suzanne E Schindler, John C Morris, Anne Fagan, Beau M Ances, Jane A O’Halloran
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad001
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1776–1783
As people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PWH) age, it remains unclear whether they are at higher risk for age-related neurodegenerative disorders—for example, Alzheimer disease (AD)—and, if so, how to differentiate HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment from AD.
Three-Day Icatibant on Top of Standard Care in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pneumonia: A Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 2, Proof-of-Concept Trial
Pierre Malchair, Jordi Giol, Vanesa GarcÃa, Orlando RodrÃguez, José Carlos Ruibal, Alvaro Zarauza, Ferrán Llopis, Leire Matellán, Tania Bernal, Beatriz SolÃs, Aurema Otero, Thiago Carnaval, Hector Jofre, Javier Jacob, Xavier Solanich, Arnau AntolÃ, Gemma Rocamora, Sebastián Videla
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac984
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1784–1792
We aimed to evaluate icatibant, a competitive antagonist of the bradykinin B2 receptors, for the treatment of inpatients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia admitted in the early hypoxemic stage.
Prevalence of Testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B Virus, and Hepatitis C Virus Among Medicaid Enrollees Treated With Medications for Opioid Use Disorder in 11 States, 2016–2019
Katherine Ahrens, Michael Sharbaugh, Marian P Jarlenski, Lu Tang, Lindsay Allen, Anna E Austin, Andrew J Barnes, Marguerite E Burns, Sarah Clark, Kara Zivin, Aimee Mack, Gilbert Liu, Shamis Mohamoud, Mary Joan McDuffie, Lindsey Hammerslag, Adam J Gordon, Julie M Donohue, for the Writing Committee for Medicaid Outcomes Distributed Research Network
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac981
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1793–1801
Limited information exists about testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among Medicaid enrollees after starting medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD), despite guidelines recommending such testing.
QuantiFERON Supernatant-Based Host Biomarkers Predicting Progression to Active Tuberculosis Disease Among Household Contacts of Tuberculosis Patients
Evangeline Ann Daniel, Kannan Thiruvengadam, Anuradha Rajamanickam, Padmapriyadarsini Chandrasekaran, Sathyamurthi Pattabiraman, Brindha Bhanu, Amsaveni Sivaprakasam, Mandar Paradkar, Vandana Kulkarni, Rajesh Karyakarte, Shri Vijay Bala Yogendra Shivakumar, Vidya Mave, Amita Gupta, Subash Babu, Luke Elizabeth Hanna
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac979
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1802–1813
The positive predictive value of tuberculin skin test and current generation interferon gamma release assays are very low leading to high numbers needed to treat. Therefore, it is critical to identify new biomarkers with high predictive accuracy to identify individuals bearing high risk of progression to active tuberculosis (TB).
Severe Bacterial Non-AIDS Infections in Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: The Epidemiology and Evolution of Antibiotic Resistance Over an 18-Year Period (2000–2017) in the ANRS CO3 AquiVih-Nouvelle-Aquitaine Cohort
Peggy Blanc, Fabrice Bonnet, Olivier Leleux, Adélaïde Perrier, Emilie Bessede, Sabine Pereyre, Charles Cazanave, Didier Neau, Marc-Olivier Vareil, Estibaliz Lazaro, Pierre Duffau, Aurélie Saunier, Katell André, Linda Wittkop, Marie-Anne Vandenhende, for the ANRS CO3 AquiVih-Nouvelle-Aquitaine Cohort Study Group
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac978
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1814–1821
Severe non-AIDS bacterial infections (SBIs) are among the leading causes of hospital admissions among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) in regions with high antiretroviral therapy coverage.
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection History and Antibody Response to 3 Coronavirus Disease 2019 Messenger RNA Vaccine Doses
Meghan K Herring, James K Romine, Meredith G Wesley, Katherine D Ellingson, Sarang K Yoon, Alberto J Caban-Martinez, Jennifer Meece, Manjusha Gaglani, Lauren Grant, Lauren E W Olsho, Harmony L Tyner, Allison L Naleway, Sana M Khan, Andrew L Phillips, Natasha Schaefer Solle, Spencer Rose, Josephine Mak, Sammantha B Fuller, Angela Hunt, Jennifer L Kuntz, Shawn Beitel, Young M Yoo, Pearl Q Zheng, Gayatri Arani, Julie Mayo Lamberte, Taylor Edwards, Mark G Thompson, Ryan Sprissler, Natalie J Thornburg, Ashley A Lowe, Tamara Pilishvili, Jennifer L Uhrlaub, Karen Lutrick, Jefferey L Burgess, Ashley L Fowlkes
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac976
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1822–1831
Data on antibody kinetics are limited among individuals previously infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). From a cohort of healthcare personnel and other frontline workers in 6 US states, we assessed antibody waning after messenger RNA (mRNA) dose 2 and response to dose 3 according to SARS-CoV-2 infection history.
Initial Supplementary Dose of Dolutegravir in Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy: A Noncomparative, Double-Blind, Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
Ying Zhao, Rulan Griesel, Zaayid Omar, Bryony Simmons, Andrew Hill, Gert van Zyl, Claire Keene, Gary Maartens, Graeme Meintjes
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad023
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1832–1840
Dolutegravir concentrations are reduced by efavirenz induction effect necessitating twice-daily dolutegravir dosing when coadministered. Efavirenz induction persists for several weeks after stopping, which could potentially select for dolutegravir resistance if switching occurred with unsuppressed human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA levels and standard dolutegravir dosing. We evaluated the need for a lead-in supplementary dolutegravir dose in adults failing first-line tenofovir-emtricitabine-efavirenz (TEE).
A Papuloulcerative Rash in an Immunocompetent Child
Christopher P Ouellette
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac587
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1841–1842
Severe Mpox Infections in People With Uncontrolled Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Anusha Govind, Susana M Lazarte, Ellen Kitchell, Jeremy Y Chow, Carolee D Estelle, Emma Fixsen, Caitlin Helm, Mamta K Jain, Roma Mehta, Trish M Perl, Jaini M Sutaria, Cristina Thomas, Arturo R Dominguez, Netanya S Utay
doi : 0.1093/cid/ciad052
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1843–1846
In the current mpox outbreak, infections are usually self-limited. We describe 3 patients with uncontrolled HIV and mpox infections lasting months, causing debilitating lesions, complications, and death, despite initiating anti-mpox and antiretroviral therapy. Delayed treatment of mpox with antiviral agents may contribute to poor outcomes in severely immunocompromised patients.
Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to Healthcare Personnel Resulting From Contaminated Bone Graft Material, United States, June 2021–August 2022
Ruoran Li, Molly Deutsch-Feldman, Tamasin Adams, Michelle Law, Chinpar Biak, Erika Pitcher, Marci Drees, Alfonso C Hernandez-Romieu, Thomas D Filardo, Tracina Cropper, Angelica Martinez, W Wyatt Wilson, Sandy P Althomsons, Sapna Bamrah Morris, Jonathan M Wortham, Isaac Benowitz, Noah G Schwartz, Kelly White, Maryam B Haddad, Janet B Glowicz, for the Bone Allograft Tuberculosis Investigators
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad029
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1847–1849
A nationwide tuberculosis outbreak linked to a viable bone allograft product contaminated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis was identified in June 2021. Our subsequent investigation identified 73 healthcare personnel with new latent tuberculosis infection following exposure to the contaminated product, product recipients, surgical instruments, or medical waste.
Updating the Adherence–Response for Oral Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Among Cisgender Women
Peter L Anderson, Mark A Marzinke, David V Glidden
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad021
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1850–1853
Using intraerythrocytic tenofovir-diphosphate data from the emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate arms of HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) 083 (men) and HPTN 084 (women), approximately 99% efficacy was achieved at a lower adherence threshold in HPTN 083 (≥2 doses/week) compared with HPTN 084 (daily), suggesting higher adherence is necessary for women vs men.
Coronavirus Disease 2019 and Airborne Transmission: Science Rejected, Lives Lost. Can Society Do Better?
Lidia Morawska, William Bahnfleth, Philomena M Bluyssen, Atze Boerstra, Giorgio Buonanno, Stephanie J Dancer, Andres Floto, Francesco Franchimon, Charles Haworth, Jaap Hogeling, Christina Isaxon, Jose L Jimenez, Jarek Kurnitski, Yuguo Li, Marcel Loomans, Guy Marks, Linsey C Marr, Livio Mazzarella, Arsen Krikor Melikov, Shelly Miller, Donald K Milton, William Nazaroff, Peter V Nielsen, Catherine Noakes, Jordan Peccia, Xavier Querol, Chandra Sekhar, Olli Seppänen, Shin-ichi Tanabe, Raymond Tellier, Tham Kwok Wai, Pawel Wargocki, Aneta Wierzbicka
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad068
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1854–1859,
This is an account that should be heard of an important struggle: the struggle of a large group of experts who came together at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic to warn the world about the risk of airborne transmission and the consequences of ignoring it.
Call to Action: Prioritizing the Use of Inclusive, Nonstigmatizing Language in Scientific Communications
Sara H Bares, Jasmine R Marcelin, Jill Blumenthal, Paul E Sax
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad055
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1860–1863
The language we use in our scientific communications can either empower or stigmatize the people we study and care for. Clinical Infectious Diseases is committed to prioritizing the use of inclusive, nonstigmatizing language in published manuscripts. We hereby call upon submitting authors, reviewers, and editors to do the same.
Successful Combination Treatment for Persistent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
Ola Blennow, Jan Vesterbacka, Tuulikki Tovatt, Piotr Nowak
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad085
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1864–1865
Zinc and Coronavirus Disease 2019
Harri Hemilä, Elizabeth Chalker
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad078
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1865–1866
Reply to Hemilä and Chalker
Khaoula Bel Haj Ali, Adel Sekma, Yosra Mhalla, Semir Nouira
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad080
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Page 1866
Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic–Associated Declines and Subsequent Increases in Hepatitis C Virus Treatment Prescriptions in Los Angeles County
Cassidy Hernandez-Tamayo, Dima M Qato, Mirna Ponce Jewell, Prabhu Gounder, Jeffrey D Klausner
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad050
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1866–1868
Deconstructing the 2023 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Revised Piperacillin-Tazobactam Breakpoints Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pranita D Tamma, Patrick N A Harris, Amy J Mathers, Eric Wenzler, Romney M Humphries
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad012
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1868–1870
Use of Carbon Dioxide Monitoring to Assess Ventilation at a National Infectious Diseases Conference
Jennifer L Cadnum, Lucas D Jones, Samir Memic, Curtis J Donskey
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciac986
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1870–1872
Longitudinal Whole-Genome Sequence Characterization of a Persistent Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Omicron BA.5 Infection in an Immunocompromised Patient Successfully Treated With Sotrovimab 1000 mg
Francisco Tejerina, RosalÃa Palomino, Pilar Catalan, Amadeo Sanz, Mercedes Marin, Felipe Lopez-Andujar, Leire Perez, Teresa Aldamiz, Patricia Muñoz, Carmen Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Cristina Diez, Chiara Fanciulli, Laura Pérez Lago, DarÃo GarcÃa de Viedma
doi : 10.1093/cid/ciad090
Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 76, Issue 10, 15 May 2023, Pages 1872–1874
