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For neuroscience, social history matters
Anne George, Nancy Padilla-Coreano & Maya OpendakÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-023-01566-8
Volume 48 Issue 7, June 2023
Shared genetic architecture between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and lifespan
Laura Vilar-Ribó, Judit Cabana-DomÃÂnguez, Lourdes Martorell, Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga, Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Abraham A. Palmer, Elisabet Vilella, Marta Ribasés, Gerard Muntané & MarÃÂa Soler ArtigasÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-023-01555-x
There is evidence linking ADHD to a reduced life expectancy. The mortality rate in individuals with ADHD is twice that of the general population and it is associated with several factors, such as unhealthy lifestyle behaviors, social adversity, and mental health problems that may in turn increase mortality rates.
A pilot randomized controlled trial of ketamine in Borderline Personality Disorder
Sarah K. Fineberg, Esther Y. Choi, Rosa Shapiro-Thompson, Khushwant Dhaliwal, Eli Neustadter, Madison Sakheim, Kaylee Null, Daniel Trujillo-Diaz, Jocelyne Rondeau, Giana F. Pittaro, Jessica R. Peters, Philip R. Corlett & John H. KrystalÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-023-01540-4
This study is the first randomized controlled trial to test the effects of ketamine in Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). BPD remains undertreated in the community and no medication has FDA approval for this indication. People with BPD experience chronic mood disturbances with depressed mood, suicidal ideation, and severe social difficulties.
Lithium rescues dendritic abnormalities in Ank3 deficiency models through the synergic effects of GSK3β and cyclic AMP signaling pathways
Nicolas H. Piguel, Sehyoun Yoon, Ruoqi Gao, Katherine E. Horan, Jacob C. Garza, Tracey L. Petryshen, Katharine R. Smith & Peter PenzesÂ
Acute psilocybin enhances cognitive flexibility in rats
Alejandro Torrado Pacheco, Randall J. Olson, Gabriela Garza & Bita MoghaddamÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-023-01545-z
Psilocybin has been shown to improve symptoms of depression and anxiety when combined with psychotherapy or other clinician-guided interventions. To understand the neural basis for this pattern of clinical efficacy, experimental and conceptual approaches that are different than traditional laboratory models of anxiety and depression are needed.
Activation of TrkB in Parvalbumin interneurons is required for the promotion of reversal learning in spatial and fear memory by antidepressants
Elias Jetsonen, Giuliano Didio, Frederike Winkel, Maria Llach Pou, Chloe Boj, Laura Kuczynski-Noyau, Vootele Võikar, Ramon Guirado, Tomi Taira, Sari E. Lauri, Eero Castrén & Juzoh UmemoriÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-023-01562-y
Critical period-like plasticity (iPlasticity) can be reinstated in the adult brain by several interventions, including drugs and optogenetic modifications. We have demonstrated that a combination of iPlasticity with optimal training improves behaviors related to neuropsychiatric disorders.
BNST PKCδ neurons are activated by specific aversive conditions to promote anxiety-like behavior
Kellie M. Williford, Anne Taylor, James R. Melchior, Hye Jean Yoon, Eryn Sale, Milen D. Negasi, Danielle N. Adank, Jordan A. Brown, Michelle N. Bedenbaugh, Joseph R. Luchsinger, Samuel W. Centanni, Sachin Patel, Erin S. Calipari, Richard B. Simerly & Danny G. WinderÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-023-01569-5
The bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST) is a critical mediator of stress responses and anxiety-like behaviors. Neurons expressing protein kinase C delta (BNSTPKCδ) are an abundant but understudied subpopulation implicated in inhibiting feeding, but which have conflicting reports about their role in anxiety-like behaviors.
Pathways link environmental and genetic factors with structural brain networks and psychopathology in youth
Anqi Qiu & Chaoqiang LiuÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-023-01559-7
Adolescence is a period of significant brain development and maturation, and it is a time when many mental health problems first emerge. This study aimed to explore a comprehensive map that describes possible pathways from genetic and environmental risks to structural brain organization and psychopathology in adolescents
The D-amino acid oxidase inhibitor luvadaxistat improves mismatch negativity in patients with schizophrenia in a randomized trial
Patricio O’Donnell, Cheng Dong, Venkatesha Murthy, Mahnaz Asgharnejad, Xiaoming Du, Ann Summerfelt, Hong Lu, Lin Xu, Jens R. Wendland, Eduardo Dunayevich, Derek L. Buhl, Robert Litman, William P. Hetrick, L. Elliot Hong & Laura B. RosenÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-023-01560-0
Several attempts have been made to enhance N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function in schizophrenia, but they have yielded mixed results. Luvadaxistat, a D-amino acid oxidase (DAAO) inhibitor that increases the glutamate co-agonist D-serine levels, is being developed for the treatment of cognitive impairment associated with schizophrenia.
Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory markers and human aggression
Emil F. Coccaro, Royce Lee, Elizabeth C. Breen & Michael R. IrwinÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-023-01541-3
A growing body of work suggests that individuals with aggressive behavior and/or aggressive tendencies have evidence of chronic, low level, inflammation as manifested by elevated circulating levels of acute phase reactant proteins and pro-inflammatory cytokines.
Silencing KCC2 in mouse dorsal hippocampus compromises spatial and contextual memory
Clémence Simonnet, Manisha Sinha, Marie Goutierre, Imane Moutkine, Stéphanie Daumas & Jean Christophe PoncerÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-022-01480-5
Delayed upregulation of the neuronal chloride extruder KCC2 underlies the progressive shift in GABA signaling polarity during development. Conversely, KCC2 downregulation is observed in a variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders often associated with cognitive impairment. Reduced KCC2 expression and function in mature networks may disrupt GABA signaling and promote anomalous network activities underlying these disorders.
Disentangling the roles of dopamine and noradrenaline in the exploration-exploitation tradeoff during human decision-making
Anna Cremer, Felix Kalbe, Jana Christina Müller, Klaus Wiedemann & Lars SchwabeÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-022-01517-9
Balancing the exploration of new options and the exploitation of known options is a fundamental challenge in decision-making, yet the mechanisms involved in this balance are not fully understood. Here, we aimed to elucidate the distinct roles of dopamine and noradrenaline in the exploration-exploitation tradeoff during human choice.
Identifying novel proteins underlying loneliness by integrating GWAS summary data with human brain proteomes
Xiaojing Gu, Meng Dou, Minlan Yuan & Wei ZhangÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-023-01536-0
Enduring loneliness is associated with mental disorders and physical diseases. Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified risk loci associated with loneliness, how these loci confer the risk remains largely unknown.
Wistar rats choose alcohol over social interaction in a discrete-choice model
Gaëlle Augier, Veronika Schwabl, Asmae Lguensat, Mihai Atudorei, Osamudiamen Consoler Iyere, Sandra Eriksson Solander & Eric AugierÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-022-01526-8
Animal models of substance use disorders have been criticized for their limited translation. One important factor behind seeking and taking that has so far been largely overlooked is the availability of alternative non-drug rewards.
GluN2B inhibition confers resilience against long-term cocaine-induced neurocognitive sequelae
Dan C. Li, Elizabeth G. Pitts, Niharika M. Dighe & Shannon L. GourleyÂ
doi : 10.1038/s41386-022-01437-8
Cocaine self-administration can disrupt the capacity of humans and rodents to flexibly modify familiar behavioral routines, even when they become maladaptive or unbeneficial. However, mechanistic factors, particularly those driving long-term behavioral changes, are still being determined.
Dona Lee Wong (1946–2022)
Katherine Halmi & Joseph T. CoyleÂ
