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Understanding the implant performance of magnetically controlled growing spine rods: a review article
Martina Tognini, Harry Hothi, Elisabetta Dal Gal, Masood Shafafy, Colin Nnadi, Stewart Tucker, Johann Henckel & Alister Hart
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06774-8
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1799–1812 (2021)
Early-Onset Scoliosis (EOS) (defined as a curvature of the spine???10° with onset before 10 years of age) if not properly treated, can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Traditionally Growing Rods (TGRs), implants fixated to the spine and extended every 6–8 months by surgery, are considered the gold standard, but Magnetically Controlled Growing Rods (MCGRs) avoid multiple surgeries. While the potential benefit of outpatient distraction procedure with MCGR is huge, concerns still remain about its risks, up to the release of a Medical Device Alert (MDA) by the Medicines and Healthcare Regulatory Agency (MHRA) advising not to implant MCGRs until further notice. The aim of this literature review is to (1) give an overview on the use of MCGRs and (2) identify what is currently understood about the surgical, implant and patient factors associated with the use of MCGRs.
Scoliosis and Prognosis—a systematic review regarding patient-specific and radiological predictive factors for curve progression
Maximilian Lenz, Stavros Oikonomidis, Arne Harland, Philipp Fürnstahl, Mazda Farshad, Jan Bredow, Peer Eysel & Max Joseph Scheyerer
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06817-0
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1813–1822 (2021)
Idiopathic scoliosis, defined as a?>?10° curvature of the spine in the frontal plane, is one of the most common spinal deformities. Age, initial curve magnitude and other parameters define whether a scoliotic deformity will progress or not. Still, their interactions and amounts of individual contribution are not fully elaborated and were the aim of this systematic review.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis 3D vertebral morphology, progression and nomenclature: a current concepts review
Fraser R. Labrom, Maree T. Izatt, Andrew P. Claus & J. Paige Little
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06842-z
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1823–1834 (2021)
There has been a recent shift toward the analysis of the pathoanatomical variation of the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) spine with the three dimensions, and research of level-wise vertebral body morphology in single anatomical planes is now replete within the field. In addition to providing a precise description of the osseous structures that are the focus of instrumented surgical interventions, understanding the anatomical variation between vertebral bodies will elucidate possible pathoaetiological mechanisms of the onset of scoliotic deformity.
Surgical outcomes following hemivertebrectomy in congenital scoliosis: a systematic review and observational meta-analysis
Sitanshu Barik, Dipun Mishra, Tushar Gupta, Gagandeep Yadav & Pankaj Kandwal
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06812-5
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1835–1847 (2021)
Hemivertebrectomy is widely used definitive correction surgery in congenital scoliosis due to hemivertebrae. It may be done either as combined anterior and posterior approach or a single-stage posterior approach only. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare two techniques with regards to blood loss, operative time, deformity correction and complications.
Prevalence of congenital scoliosis in infants based on chest–abdomen X-ray films detected in the emergency department
Fei Wang, Xin Wang, Omar Medina, Ming Yong, Gang Lin, Xiangshui Sun, Zhiqun Zhang, Kai Tang & Yue Lou
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06779-3
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1848–1857 (2021)
To investigate the prevalence of congenital scoliosis (CS) in infants based on chest–abdomen radiographs.
Index radiographic measurements in the prediction of progression in infantile idiopathic scoliosis: a comparative analysis and description of a novel predictive model
Adam P. Lloyd, Morgan E. B. Jones, Adrian Gardner & Matthew P. Newton Ede
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06795-3
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1858–1864 (2021)
To assess the comparative accuracy of commonly utilised index radiological measurements in the prognosis of infantile idiopathic scoliosis (IIS) and build a parsimonious prognostic model utilising these measurements.
Which thoracic curves are at the greater risk for distal adding-on: comparison between typical and atypical Lenke 1A curves
Rui Yin, Xiaodong Qin, Zhong He, Zhen Liu, Yong Qiu & Zezhang Zhu
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06721-7
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1865–1871 (2021)
To identify the characteristics and the incidence of adding-on (AO) in atypical Lenke 1A adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, and to investigate whether atypical and typical Lenke 1A curve should follow the same lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) selection strategy.
Assessment of the reliability of hand-held surface scanner in the evaluation of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Y?lmaz Y?ld?r?m, Kadriye Tombak, Sezen Kara?in, ?nci Yüksel, Ahmet Hakan Nur & Umut Ozsoy
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06769-5
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1872–1880 (2021)
Spinal deformities due to adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) result in impairment in the back surface topography. Sophisticated interventions are needed that address different aspects of deformity. The purpose of our study is to test the reliability of hand-held 3D scanners on the assessment of AIS.
Specific sagittal alignment patterns are already present in mild adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Tom P. C. Schl?sser, René M. Castelein, Pierre Grobost, Suken A. Shah & Kariman Abelin-Genevois
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06772-w
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1881–1887 (2021)
The complex three-dimensional spinal deformity in AIS consists of rotated, lordotic apical areas and neutral junctional zones that modify the spine’s sagittal profile. Recently, three specific patterns of thoracic sagittal ‘malalignment’ were described for severe AIS. The aim of this study is to define whether specific patterns of pathological sagittal alignment are already present in mild AIS.
Reliability of measurements of a reflection coefficient index to indicate spinal bone strength on adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis (AIS): a pilot study
Mahdieh Khodaei, Tehzeeb Sayed, Doug Hill, Eric Parent, Marc Moreau, Kyle Stampe, Sarah Southon, Lawrence H. Le & Edmond Lou
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06871-8
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1888–1895 (2021)
To investigate the test–retest, intra- and inter-rater reliabilities of an ultrasound (US) reflection coefficient (RC) index measured in a lumbar vertebra to reflect bone strength on children with AIS.
Double-sided vertebral body tethering of double adolescent idiopathic scoliosis curves: radiographic outcomes of the first 13 patients with 2 years of follow-up
Tuna Pehlivanoglu, Ismail Oltulu, Yigit Erdag, Emre Korkmaz, Ender Sarioglu, Ender Ofluoglu & Mehmet Aydogan
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06745-z
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1896–1904 (2021)
In skeletally immature patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), vertebral body tethering (VBT) as a fusionless minimally invasive treatment option has been shown to correct the deformity by growth modulation. This prospective cohort study aimed to present the minimum 2 years’ results of double-sided VBT applied to double curves of 13 skeletally immature patients with AIS.
Metallosis is commonly associated with magnetically controlled growing rods; results from an independent multicentre explant database
Paul R. P. Rushton, Simon L. Smith, David Fender, Andrew J. Bowey, Michael J. Gibson & Thomas J. Joyce
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06750-2
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1905–1911 (2021)
Determine the incidence of metallosis around MAGEC rods.
How frequent should the radiographic examination be to monitor magnetically controlled growing rods? A retrospective look two to seven years postoperatively
Altug Yucekul, Hatice Tanriover, Kadir Abul, Ashfaq Ahmed, Tais Zulemyan, Caglar Yilgor & Ahmet Alanay
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06752-0
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1912–1919 (2021)
Magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR) allow more frequent outpatient lengthenings to better mimic the physiological growth. The assessment of distractions with radiographs raised concerns regarding ionizing radiation exposure in growing children. The aim was to assess the necessity of radiographs after every lengthening of MCGR.
The Nottingham radiation protocol for O-arm navigation in paediatric deformity patients: a feasibility study
Saurabh Kapoor, Kenneth O’Dowd, Aaron Hilis & Nasir Quraishi
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06762-y
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1920–1927 (2021)
O-arm assisted pedicle screw placement has been proven to be more accurate than free-hand technique. Radiation exposure remains the primary drawback. We determined the feasibility and safety of a reduced radiation protocol in paediatric patients undergoing scoliosis correction.
Vertebral body changes after continuous spinal distraction in scoliotic children
Sebastian Lippross, Antonia Grages, Katja A. Lueders, Lena Braunschweig, Friederike Austein, Konstantinos Tsaknakis, Heiko M. Lorenz & Anna K. Hell
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06775-7
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1928–1934 (2021)
Growth-friendly spinal implants (GFSI) were established for scoliotic children as an interim solution until definite spinal fusion could be performed during puberty. While deformity control was clearly proven, the effects on vertebral shape and morphology are still unclear. Our prospective study assesses the effect of GFSI with continuous distraction on vertebral body shape and volume in SMA children in comparison with previously untreated age-matched SMA patients.
Optimizing the fusion level for lenke 5C adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: is the S-line a validated and reproducible tool to predict coronal decompensation?
Tianyuan Zhang, Shibin Shu, Wenting Jing, Qi Gu, Zezhang Zhu, Zhen Liu, Yong Qiu, Xu Sun, Bin Wang & Hongda Bao
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06781-9
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1935–1942 (2021)
To validate the predictability of S-line in Lenke 5C patients.
Is fresh, leucodepleted, whole blood transfusion superior to blood component transfusion in pediatric patients undergoing spinal deformity surgeries? A prospective, randomized study analyzing postoperative serological parameters and clinical recovery
P. Keerthi Vasan, S. Rajasekaran, Vibhu Krishnan Viswanathan, Ajoy Prasad Shetty & Rishi Mugesh Kanna
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06798-0
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1943–1949 (2021)
To compare the effectiveness of fresh whole blood (FWB) and blood component transfusion in improving clinical outcome and serological parameters in the early postoperative period following spinal deformity surgery.
Variations in the position of the aorta and vertebral safe zones in supine, prone, and lateral decubitus for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Rosa M. Egea-G?mez, Mar?a Gal?n-Olleros, Teresa Rodr?guez del Real, Alfonso Gonz?lez-Menocal & Rafael Gonz?lez-D?az
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06813-4
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1950–1958 (2021)
Analyze the modifications in the “safe zones” of T4–L4 vertebral bodies relative to aorta according to patient positioning, as well as in the relationship between the aorta and the vertebrae.
Efficacy of polyester bands placed under the transverse vertebral process for the correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis
Abdullah Zaher, Khaled El Youssef, Benoit Decourtivron, Francois Bergerault, Chistian Bonnard & Thierry Odent
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06841-0
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1959–1964 (2021)
To report an original technique for the surgical correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) based on hybrid construct using polyester bands placed under the thoracic transverse processes.
Comparison of degenerative lumbar scoliosis correction and risk for mechanical failure using posterior 2-rod instrumentation versus 4-rod instrumentation and interbody fusion
Vincent Lamas, Yann Philippe Charles, Nicolas Tuzin & Jean-Paul Steib
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06870-9
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1965–1977 (2021)
Four-rod instrumentation and interbody fusion may reduce mechanical complications in degenerative scoliosis surgery compared to 2-rod instrumentation. The purpose was to compare clinical results, sagittal alignment and mechanical complications with both techniques.
Mid-long-term outcome and degeneration of the remaining unfused lumbar intervertebral disc in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients who had posterior spinal fusion surgery
Chee Kidd Chiu, Chin Siong Tan, Weng Hong Chung, Siti Mariam Mohamad, Mun Keong Kwan & Chris Yin Wei Chan
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06874-5
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1978–1987 (2021)
To investigate mid-long-term effects of the lowest instrumented vertebra (LIV) selection on adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients who had posterior spinal fusion (PSF) surgery.
Proximal junctional kyphosis is a rebalancing spinal phenomenon due to insufficient postoperative thoracic kyphosis after adolescent idiopathic scoliosis surgery
Jean-Luc Clément, Sebastien Pesenti, Brice Ilharreborde, Christian Morin, Yann-Philippe Charles, Henri-François Parent, Philippe Violas, Marc Szadkowski, Louis Boissière & Federico Solla
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06875-4
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1988–1997 (2021)
Many authors tried to explain proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) after adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) surgery by looking for risk factors. Latest publications focus on sagittal alignment. Each healthy adolescent has a specific thoracic kyphosis (TK) depending on their pelvic parameters and lumbar lordosis (LL). The objective of this work is to determine if the difference between TK at follow-up (TKFU) and the patient-specific TK (PSTK) plays a role in PJK occurrence after AIS surgery. The secondary objective was to find other risk factors.
Return to sport and daily life activities after vertebral body tethering for AIS: analysis of the sport activity questionnaire
Alice Baroncini, Per David Trobisch, Angelika Berrer, Philipp Kobbe, Markus Tingart, J?rg Eschweiler, Stephanie Da Paz & Filippo Migliorini
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06768-6
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages1998–2006 (2021)
Vertebral body tethering (VBT) is an alternative to fusion for selected scoliosis patients. As VBT does not limit spine mobility, it has been propagated that this technique allows a quicker return to physical activity than fusion. However, no data are available to support this statement. Aim of this study was to quantify how much time patients required to resume preoperative activity level and to seek possible associations between return to physical activity and demographic, radiographic and surgical data.
What determines immediate postoperative coronal balance and delayed global coronal balance after anterior spinal fusion for Lenke 5C curves?
Abhishek Mannem, Prudence Wing Hang Cheung, Sachiko Kawasaki, Hideki Shigematsu & Jason Pui Yin Cheung
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06807-2
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages2007–2019 (2021)
To determine the factors associated with 6-week postoperative global coronal balance and delayed global coronal balance at 2-year follow-up after anterior spinal fusion for Lenke 5C curves.
Long-term outcome of targeted therapy for low back pain in elderly degenerative lumbar scoliosis
Kiyotaka Yamada, Toshio Nakamae, Kazuyoshi Nakanishi, Naosuke Kamei, Takeshi Hiramatsu, Teruaki Okuda, Takashi Hashimoto, Satoshi Ujigo, Taiki Morisako, Yuji Tsuchikawa, Toshiaki Maruyama, Hiroki Fukui, Nobuo Adachi, Takuro Shimbo, Kjell Olmarker & Yoshinori Fujimoto
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06805-4
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages2020–2032 (2021)
Treatment of low back pain (LBP) associated with elderly degenerative lumbar scoliosis (DLS) remains controversial. We have developed percutaneous intervertebral-vacuum polymethylmethacrylate injection (PIPI) targeting to the intervertebral vacuum as a minimally invasive surgery. The present study compared the long-term clinical outcomes of PIPI to that of nonoperative treatment.
The Impact of Corrective Surgery on Health-Related Quality of Life Subclasses in Adult Scoliosis: Will Degree of Correction Prognosticate Degree of Improvement?
D. T. Cawley, M. Takemoto, L. Boissiere, D. Larrieu, D. C. Kieser, T. Fujishiro, K. Hayashi, A. Bourghli, C. Yilgor, A. Alanay, F. J. Perez Grueso, F. Pelisse, F. Kleinstück, J. M. Vital, I. Obeid & European Spine Study Group, ESSG
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06786-4
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages2033–2039 (2021)
Objectives in scoliosis corrective surgery include restoration of normal sagittal and coronal parameters to achieve patient satisfaction. HRQLs improvements remain limited after corrective surgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate the HRQL subclass variability specific to the sagittal and coronal correction in adult scoliosis surgery.
Esophageal perforation caused by a thoracic pedicle screw
Stanislas Marouby, Clément Jeandel, Djamel Louahem M’Sabah, Marion Delpont & Jérôme Cottalorda
doi : 10.1007/s00586-018-5611-3
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages2040–2045 (2021)
Expert's comment concerning Grand Rounds case entitled "Esophageal perforation caused by a thoracic pedicle screw" by Stanislas Marouby et al. (Eur Spine J; 2018: DOI 10.1007/s00586-018–5611-3)
J.-M. Vital
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06882-5
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages2046–2048 (2021)
The role of TaqI, ApaI and BsmI polymorphisms of VDR gene in lumbar spine pathologies: systematic review and meta-analysis
Rosa Giannina Castillo-Avila, Thelma Beatriz Gonz?lez-Castro, Carlos Alfonso Tovilla-Z?rate, Isela Esther Ju?rez-Rojop, Mar?a Lilia L?pez-Narv?ez, José Manuel Rodr?guez-Pérez & Nonanzit Pérez-Hern?ndez
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06872-7
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages2049–2059 (2021)
The objective of the present meta-analysis was to evaluate the association between TaqI (rs731236), ApaI (rs7975232) and BsmI (rs1544410) polymorphisms of the VDR gene and lumbar spine pathologies such as lumbar disc herniation and lumbar disc degeneration.
Experimental evaluation of precision and accuracy of RSA in the lumbar spine
Marie Christina Keller, Christof Hurschler & Michael Schwarze
doi : 10.1007/s00586-020-06672-5
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages2060–2068 (2021)
Roentgen stereophotogrammetric analysis is a technique to make accurate assessments of the relative position and orientation of bone structures and implants in vivo. While the precision and accuracy of stereophotogrammetry for hip and knee arthroplasty is well documented, there is insufficient knowledge of the technique’s precision and, especially accuracy when applied to rotational movements in the spinal region.
The catastrophization effects of an MRI report on the patient and surgeon and the benefits of ‘clinical reporting’: results from an RCT and blinded trials
S. Rajasekaran, S. Dilip Chand Raja, Bhari Thippeswamy Pushpa, Kumar Behera Ananda, Shetty Ajoy Prasad & Mugesh Kanna Rishi
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06809-0
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages2069–2081 (2021)
Inappropriate use of MRI leads to increasing interventions and surgeries for low back pain (LBP). We probed the potential effects of a routine MRI report on the patient’s perception of his spine and functional outcome of treatment. An alternate ‘clinical reporting’ was developed and tested for benefits on LBP perception.
Different disc characteristics between young elite skiers with diverse training histories revealed with a novel quantitative magnetic resonance imaging method
K. Lagerstrand, A. Baranto & H. Hebelka
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06869-2
European Spine Journal volume 30, pages2082–2089 (2021)
To evaluate if there are differences in thoraco-lumbar disc characteristics between elite skiers and non-athletic controls as well as between different types of elite skiers, with diverse training histories, using a novel quantitative MRI method.
Announcements
K. Lagerstrand, A. Baranto & H. Hebelka
doi : 10.1007/s00586-021-06917-x
European Spine Journal volume 30, page2090 (2021)
