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Incorporating the Central Vein Sign Into the Diagnostic Criteria for Multiple Sclerosis
Daniel Ontaneda, MD, MS, PhD1; Jeffrey A. Cohen, MD1; Pascal Sati, PhD2
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.0717
July 2023, Vol 80, No. 7, Pages 656-761
Advocating for Demonstration of Disease Modification—Have We Been Approaching Clinical Trials in Early Alzheimer Disease Incorrectly?
Vincent Planche, MD, PhD1,2; Nicolas Villain, MD, PhD3,4
The Water, the Air, the Marines—Camp Lejeune, Trichloroethylene, and Parkinson Disease
E. Ray Dorsey, MD1; J. Timothy Greenamyre, MD, PhD2; Allison W. Willis, MD, MS3
Myocardial Infarction Bends the Curve of Age-Related Cognitive Decline, but How?
Eric E. Smith, MD, MPH1; Lisa C. Silbert, MD, MCR2,3
Making Sure Multiple Sclerosis Counts and Is Counted for All—An Update on Multiple Sclerosis Prevalence by Race and Ethnicity in the United States
Dalia L. Rotstein, MD, MPH1; Tirisham V. Gyang, MD2; Daniel Ontaneda, MD, PhD3
Is Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Better Than High-Efficacy Disease-Modifying Therapies for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis?
Jeffrey A. Cohen, MD1; Anne H. Cross, MD2
Risk of Parkinson Disease Among Service Members at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune
Samuel M. Goldman, MD, MPH1,2; Frances M. Weaver, PhD3,4; Kevin T. Stroupe, PhD3,4; Lishan Cao, MS3; Beverly Gonzalez, PhD3; Kalea Colletta, DO3; Ethan G. Brown, MD2,5; Caroline M. Tanner, MD, PhD2,5
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1168
Importance An increased risk of Parkinson disease (PD) has been associated with exposure to the solvent trichloroethylene (TCE), but data are limited. Millions of people in the US and worldwide are exposed to TCE in air, food, and water.
Isosorbide Mononitrate and Cilostazol Treatment in Patients With Symptomatic Cerebral Small Vessel Disease
Joanna M. Wardlaw, MD1; Lisa J. Woodhouse, PhD2; Iris I. Mhlanga, MSc2; Katherine Oatey, BSc(Hons)3; Anna K. Heye, PhD3; John Bamford, MD4; Vera Cvoro, MD1,5; Fergus N. Doubal, PhD1; Timothy England, PhD2; Ahamad Hassan, PhD4; Alan Montgomery, PhD6; John T. O’Brien, DM7; Christine Roffe, MD8; Nikola Sprigg, DM2; David J. Werring, PhD9; Philip M. Bath, DSc2; for the Lacunar Intervention Trial-2 (LACI-2) Investigator Group
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1526
Importance Cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD) is a common cause of stroke (lacunar stroke), is the most common cause of vascular cognitive impairment, and impairs mobility and mood but has no specific treatment.
Population-Based Estimates for the Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis in the United States by Race, Ethnicity, Age, Sex, and Geographic Region
Michael Hittle, BS1; William J. Culpepper, PhD2,3; Annette Langer-Gould, MD, PhD4; Ruth Ann Marrie, MD, PhD5,6; Gary R. Cutter, PhD7; Wendy E. Kaye, PhD8; Laurie Wagner, MPH8; Barbara Topol, MS1; Nicholas G. LaRocca, PhD9; Lorene M. Nelson, PhD, MS1; Mitchell T. Wallin, MD, MPH2,3
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1135
Importance Racial, ethnic, and geographic differences in multiple sclerosis (MS) are important factors to assess when determining the disease burden and allocating health care resources.
Comparative Effectiveness of Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant vs Fingolimod, Natalizumab, and Ocrelizumab in Highly Active Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis
Tomas Kalincik, MD, PhD1,2; Sifat Sharmin, PhD1,2; Izanne Roos, MBChB, PhD1,2; Mark S. Freedman, MD3; Harold Atkins, MD4; Joachim Burman, MD, PhD5; Jennifer Massey, MBBS, PhD6,7; Ian Sutton, MBBS, PhD6,8; Barbara Withers, MD, PhD7,9; Richard Macdonell, MD, PhD10,11; Andrew Grigg, MD, PhD11,12; Øivind Torkildsen, MD, PhD13; Lars Bo, MD, PhD13; Anne Kristine Lehmann, MD, PhD14; Eva Kubala Havrdova, MD, PhD15; Eva Krasulova, MD, PhD15; Marek Trněný, MD, PhD16; Tomas Kozak, MD, PhD17; Anneke van der Walt, MBBS, PhD18,19; Helmut Butzkueven, MBBS, PhD18,19; Pamela McCombe, MBBS20,21; Olga Skibina, MBBS18,22,23; Jeannette Lechner-Scott, MD, PhD24,25; Barbara Willekens, MD, PhD26,27; Elisabetta Cartechini, MD28; Serkan Ozakbas, MD29; Raed Alroughani, MD30; Jens Kuhle, MD, PhD31; Francesco Patti, MD32,33; Pierre Duquette, MD34; Alessandra Lugaresi, MD, PhD35,36; Samia J. Khoury, MD, PhD37; Mark Slee, MD, PhD38; Recai Turkoglu, MD39; Suzanne Hodgkinson, MD40; Nevin John, MD, PhD41,42; Davide Maimone, MD43; Maria Jose Sa, MD44; Vincent van Pesch, MD, PhD45,46; Oliver Gerlach, MD, PhD47,48; Guy Laureys, MD49; Liesbeth Van Hijfte, MD49; Rana Karabudak, MD50; Daniele Spitaleri, MD51; Tunde Csepany, MD, PhD52; Riadh Gouider, MD53,54; Tamara Castillo-Triviño, MD55; Bruce Taylor, MD, PhD56,57; Basil Sharrack, MD, PhD58; John A. Snowden, MD, PhD59; and the MSBase Study Group Collaborators; and the MSBase Study Group Authors
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1184
Importance Autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant (AHSCT) is available for treatment of highly active multiple sclerosis (MS).
Safety and Efficacy of Dual Thrombolytic Therapy With Mutant Prourokinase and Small Bolus Alteplase for Ischemic Stroke
Nadinda A. M. van der Ende, MD1,2; Bob Roozenbeek, MD, PhD1; Lucas E. M. Smagge, MD2; Sven P. R. Luijten, MD1,2; Leo A. M. Aerden, MD, PhD3; Petra Kraayeveld, MD4; Ido R. van den Wijngaard, MD, PhD5; Geert J. Lycklama à Nijeholt, MD, PhD6; Heleen M. den Hertog, MD, PhD7; H. Zwenneke Flach, MD8; Alida A. Postma, MD, PhD9; Stefan D. Roosendaal, MD, PhD10; G. Menno Krietemeijer, MD11; Lonneke S. F. Yo, MD, PhD11; Moniek P. M. de Maat, PhD12; Daan Nieboer, MSc13; Gregory J. Del Zoppo, MS, MD14,15; William J. Meurer, MS, MD16,17,18; Hester F. Lingsma, PhD13; Aad van der Lugt, MD, PhD2; Diederik W. J. Dippel, MD, PhD1; for the DUMAS Investigators
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1262
Importance Dual thrombolytic treatment with small bolus alteplase and mutant prourokinase has the potential to be a safer and more efficacious treatment for ischemic stroke than alteplase alone because mutant prourokinase is designed to act only on degraded fibrin without affecting circulating fibrinogen.
Association Between Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cognition
Michelle C. Johansen, MD, PhD1; Wen Ye, PhD2; Alden Gross, PhD1; Rebecca F. Gottesman, MD, PhD3; Dehua Han, MPH2; Rachael Whitney, PhD2; Emily M. Briceño, PhD2; Bruno J. Giordani, PhD2; Supriya Shore, MD, MS2; Mitchell S. V. Elkind, MD, MS4; Jennifer J. Manly, PhD4; Ralph L. Sacco, MD, MS5; Alison Fohner, PhD6; Michael Griswold, PhD1; Bruce M. Psaty, MD, PhD6; Stephen Sidney, MD, MPH7; Jeremy Sussman, MD, MS2; Kristine Yaffe, MD8; Andrew E. Moran, MD, MPH4; Susan Heckbert, MD, PhD6; Timothy M. Hughes, MPH, PhD9; Andrzej Galecki, MD, PhD2; Deborah A. Levine, MD, MPH2
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1331
Importance The magnitude of cognitive change after incident myocardial infarction (MI) is unclear.
Symptomatic Intracranial Hemorrhage With Tenecteplase vs Alteplase in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke
Steven J. Warach, MD, PhD1,2; Anna Ranta, PhD3,4; Joosup Kim, PhD5; Shlee S. Song, MD6,7,8; Adam Wallace, MD9; James Beharry, MD10,11; Daniel Gibson, MD9; Dominique A. Cadilhac, PhD5; Christopher F. Bladin, MD13,14; Timothy J. Kleinig, PhD12; Jackson Harvey, MD12; Logesh Palanikumar, MD12; Vinodh T. Doss, DO15; Ruth Marescalco, BSN15; John N. Fink, MD11; Alicia Tyson, MN4; Konrad H. Schlick, MD6; Lydia Noh, PharmD6; Duncan Wilson, PhD11; Sonia Figueroa, BA6; Marco A. Pech Jr, MSN7; Laurie B. Paletz, BSN6; Maya K. Lewis, BSN8; Marissa Castro, MHL6,8; Daniel H. Sahlein, MD16,17; E. Frank Lafranchise, MD18; Justin Sandall, DO19; Kaiz S. Asif, MD20; Scott R. Geraghty, MD20; Paul A. Cullis, MD21; Tim Malisch, MD20; Terry A. Neill Jr, MD22; Marian P. LaMonte, MD23; Bruce C. V. Campbell, PhD10; Teddy Y. Wu, PhD11
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1449
Importance Symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) is a serious complication of stroke thrombolytic therapy. Many stroke centers have adopted 0.25-mg/kg tenecteplase instead of alteplase for stroke thrombolysis based on evidence from randomized comparisons to alteplase as well as for its practical advantages. There have been no significant differences in symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) reported from randomized clinical trials or published case series for the 0.25-mg/Kg dose.
Comparison Between Dimethyl Fumarate, Fingolimod, and Ocrelizumab After Natalizumab Cessation
Chao Zhu, PhD1; Tomas Kalincik, MD, PhD2,3; Dana Horakova, MD, PhD4; Zhen Zhou, PhD5; Katherine Buzzard, PhD1,6; Olga Skibina, MD, PhD1,6,7; Raed Alroughani, MD8; Guillermo Izquierdo, MD9; Sara Eichau, MD, PhD9; Jens Kuhle, MD, PhD10; Francesco Patti, MD11; Francois Grand’Maison, MD, PhD12; Suzanne Hodgkinson, MBBS, PhD13; Pierre Grammond, MD14; Jeannette Lechner-Scott, MD, PhD15; Ernest Butler, MBBS, PhD16; Alexandre Prat, MD, PhD17; Marc Girard, MD17; Pierre Duquette, MD17; Richard A. L. Macdonell, MD18; Bianca Weinstock-Guttman, MD19; Serkan Ozakbas, MD20; Mark Slee, MD, PhD21; Maria Jose Sa, MD22; Vincent Van Pesch, MD, PhD23; Michael Barnett, PhD24; Bart Van Wijmeersch, MD, PhD25; Oliver Gerlach, MD, PhD26; Julie Prevost, MD27; Murat Terzi, MD28; Cavit Boz, MD29; Guy Laureys, MD, PhD30; Liesbeth Van Hijfte, MSc30; Allan G. Kermode, MBBS, MD, PhD31; Justin Garber, PhD32; Bassem Yamout, MD33; Samia J. Khoury, MD33; Daniel Merlo, PhD1; Mastura Monif, PhD1,7; Vilija Jokubaitis, PhD1; Anneke van der Walt, MBChB, PhD1,7; Helmut Butzkueven, MBBS, PhD1,7; for the MSBase Study Group
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1542
Importance Natalizumab cessation is associated with a risk of rebound disease activity. It is important to identify the optimal switch disease-modifying therapy strategy after natalizumab to limit the risk of severe relapses.
Clinical Utility of Tau Positron Emission Tomography in the Diagnostic Workup of Patients With Cognitive Symptoms
Ruben Smith, MD, PhD1,2; Douglas Hägerström, MD3; Daria Pawlik, MD1,2; Gregory Klein, PHD4; Jonas Jögi, MD, PhD5; Tomas Ohlsson, PhD6; Erik Stomrud, MD, PhD1; Oskar Hansson, MD, PhD1,7
doi : 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1323
Importance It is important to determine the added clinical value for tau positron emission tomography (PET) in the diagnostic workup of patients with cognitive symptoms before widespread implementation in clinical practice.
Ultrasonography of Muscle Vibration Caused by MYBPC1 Variant
Ying Zhao, MD1; Chuanzhu Yan, MD1,2,3; Kunqian Ji, MD1,2,3
Computed Tomography Findings in Hyperacute Spontaneous Midbrain Hemorrhage
Juntao Yin, MD1; Wan Wang, MD, PhD2; Yuqing Wei, MD1
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Child With Renovascular Hypertension
Ajay Chavan, MD1; Vimal Kumar Paliwal, DM1; Vivek Singh, MD2
