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Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy in Chronic Inflammatory Conditions of the Pouch
Badar Hasan, MD, Yunjoo Yim, MD, Mamoon Ur Rashid, MD, Rumman A Khalid, MD, Deepika Sarvepalli, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa245
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 965–970
Pouchitis can be a chronic complication of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis. We aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for chronic antibiotic-refractory pouchitis (CARP) and other inflammatory conditions of the pouch.
Noncoding RNAs as Promising Diagnostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Intestinal Fibrosis of Crohn’s Disease: The Path From Bench to Bedside
Long-Yuan Zhou, MD, Si-Nan Lin, MD, Florian Rieder, MD, Min-Hu Chen, MD, Sheng-Hong Zhang, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa321
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 971–982
Fibrosis is a major pathway to organ injury and failure, accounting for more than one-third of deaths worldwide. Intestinal fibrosis causes irreversible and serious clinical complications, such as strictures and obstruction, secondary to a complex pathogenesis. Under the stimulation of profibrotic soluble factors, excessive activation of mesenchymal cells causes extracellular matrix deposition via canonical transforming growth factor-?/Smads signaling or other pathways (eg, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition) in intestinal fibrogenesis. In recent studies, the importance of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) stands out in fibrotic diseases in that ncRNAs exhibit a remarkable variety of biological functions in modulating the aforementioned fibrogenic responses. In this review, we summarize the role of ncRNAs, including the emerging long ncRNAs and circular RNAs, in intestinal fibrogenesis. Notably, the translational potential of ncRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the management of intestinal fibrosis is discussed based on clinical trials from fibrotic diseases in other organs. The main points of this review include the following:
Tofacitinib in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire Items in Phase 3 Randomized Controlled Induction Studies
Marla C Dubinsky, MD, Marco DiBonaventura, PhD, Haiyun Fan, MS, Andrew G Bushmakin, MS, Joseph C Cappelleri, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa193
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 983–993
Tofacitinib is an oral, small molecule Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). We examined the effect of tofacitinib induction treatment on Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (IBDQ) items in adults with moderate to severe UC.
Safety of Ustekinumab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pooled Safety Analysis of Results from Phase 2/3 Studies
William J Sandborn, MD, Brian G Feagan, MD, Silvio Danese, MD, PhD, Christopher D O’Brien, MD, PhD, Elyssa Ott, MPH
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa236
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 994–1007
Ustekinumab is currently approved globally in Crohn’s disease (CD) and psoriatic diseases. Recent phase 3 data demonstrate safety/efficacy in ulcerative colitis (UC). Crohn’s disease and UC phase 3 programs had similar study designs, facilitating integrated safety analyses.
Fecal Calprotectin Is Highly Effective to Detect Endoscopic Ulcerations in Crohn’s Disease Regardless of Disease Location
Anthony Buisson, MD, PhD, Wing Yan Mak, MD, Michael J Andersen, Jr, BS, Donald Lei, MS, Joel Pekow, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa269
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1008–1016
As the reliability of fecal calprotectin (Fcal) remains debatable to detect endoscopic ulcerations in patients with pure ileal Crohn’s disease (CD), we aimed to compare its performances with those observed in patients with colonic or ileocolonic location.
Epidemiology and Clinical Outcomes of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Presenting With Acute Coronary Syndrome
Gayatri Pemmasani, MBBS, Islam Elgendy, MD, Mamas A Mamas, BM, BCh, MA, DPhil, Jonathan A Leighton, MD, Wilbert S Aronow, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa237
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1017–1025
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with an increased acute coronary syndrome (ACS) risk. Data are limited regarding the epidemiology and outcomes of ACS in patients with IBD.
Burden and Outcomes of Fragmentation of Care in Hospitalized Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Nationally Representative Cohort
Nghia H Nguyen, MD, Jiyu Luo, MS, Lucila Ohno-Machado, MD, William J Sandborn, MD, Siddharth Singh, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa238
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1026–1034
Fragmentation of care (FoC) may adversely impact health care quality in patients with chronic diseases. We conducted a US nationally representative cohort study to evaluate the burden and outcomes of FoC in hospitalized patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Differences in Biologic Utilization and Surgery Rates in Pediatric and Adult Crohn’s Disease: Results From a Large Electronic Medical Record-derived Cohort
Jacob A Kurowski, MD, Alex Milinovich, Xinge Ji, MS, Janine Bauman, David Sugano, DrPH
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa239
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1035–1044
Crohn’s disease (CD) is a chronic illness that affects both the pediatric and adult populations with an increasing worldwide prevalence. We aim to identify a large, single-center cohort of patients with CD using natural language processing (NLP) in combination with codified data and extract surgical rates and medication usage from the electronic medical record (EMR).
Achieving Target Infliximab Drug Concentrations Improves Blood and Fecal Neutrophil Biomarkers in Crohn’s Disease
Ruben J Colman, MD, Yi-Ting Tsai, MS, Kimberly Jackson, Brendan M Boyle, MD, MPH, Joshua D Noe, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa241
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1045–1051
The neutrophil fecal biomarkers, calprotectin (FCP) and lactoferrin (LCT), and peripheral blood neutrophil CD64 surface receptor (nCD64) are biomarkers for mucosal inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Although FCP has been evaluated as a biomarker for mucosal healing, cut points for LCT and nCD64 are less known. We aimed to identify the cut points for LCT and nCD64 that were associated with FCP remission, with a secondary aim to evaluate the relationship between biochemical outcomes and infliximab (IFX) trough concentrations.
Lower Rates of Colorectal Cancer in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using Anti-TNF Therapy
Motasem Alkhayyat, MD, Mohammad Abureesh, MD, Arshpal Gill, MD, George Khoudari, MD, Mohannad Abou Saleh, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa252
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1052–1060
Chronic inflammation is a key factor for the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) among patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Despite the increased use of biologic agents in patients with IBD, their impact on colorectal carcinogenesis remains unclear. With the use of a large database, we sought to describe the effect of biologics on CRC among patients with IBD.
Association of Complicated Diverticulitis With Development of De Novo Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Asad ur Rahman, MD, Ishtiaq Hussain, MD, Badar Hasan, MD, Mamoon ur Rashid, MD, Kanwarpreet Singh Tandon, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa299
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1061–1067
There has been a historic similarity in the epidemiology and pathophysiology of diverticular disease and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Because there are limited to no data on the role of diverticulitis as a potential risk factor for de novo IBD, we aimed to evaluate the role of diverticulitis and complicated diverticulitis as a potential predictor of IBD.
National Estimates of Financial Hardship From Medical Bills and Cost-related Medication Nonadherence in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in the United States
Nghia H Nguyen, MD, MAS, Rohan Khera, MD, MS, Parambir S Dulai, MD, Brigid S Boland, MD, PhD, Lucila Ohno-Machado, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa266
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1068–1078
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are associated with substantial health care needs. We estimated the national burden and patterns of financial toxicity and its association with unplanned health care utilization in adults with IBD in the United States.
Association of Early Postinduction Adalimumab Exposure With Subsequent Clinical and Biomarker Remission in Children with Crohn’s Disease
Firas Rinawi, MD, Amanda Ricciuto, MD, PhD, Peter C Church, MD, Karen Frost, MN, Eileen Crowley, MB, BCh
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa247
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1079–1087
Data on the association between early postinduction serum adalimumab (ADA) trough levels (TLs) and objective outcomes are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate whether early ADA TLs at weeks 4 and 8 are associated with clinical and biomarker remission at week 24 in pediatric Crohn’s disease (CD).
Adipokine Resistin Levels at Time of Pediatric Crohn Disease Diagnosis Predict Escalation to Biologic Therapy
Jacob A Kurowski, MD, Jean-Paul Achkar, MD, Rishi Gupta, MD, Iulia Barbur, BS, Tracey L Bonfield, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa250
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1088–1095
Hypertrophy of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a hallmark of Crohn disease (CD). The VAT produces a wide range of adipokines, biologically active factors that contribute to metabolic disorders in addition to CD pathogenesis. The study aim was to concomitantly evaluate serum adipokine profiles and VAT volumes as predictors of disease outcomes and treatment course in newly diagnosed pediatric patients with CD.
Ulcerative Colitis Narrative Global Survey Findings: Communication Gaps and Agreements Between Patients and Physicians
David T Rubin, MD, Ailsa Hart, MD, PhD, Remo Panaccione, MD, FRCP, Alessandro Armuzzi, MD, PhD, Ulla Suvanto
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa257
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1096–1106
The Ulcerative Colitis (UC) Narrative global surveys examined patient and physician perspectives on living with UC and tried to identify gaps in optimal care. Questions explored patient-physician interactions, UC management goals, and resources for improving communication.
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment and Impact of Medications on Cardiovascular Disease in Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Preetika Sinh, MD, Raymond Cross, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa258
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1107–1115
There is increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic inflammatory disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus. Studies have shown association between cardiovascular disease (eg, myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke) and inflammatory bowel disease. Medications such as infliximab and adalimumab (monoclonal antibodies to tumor necrosis factor ?) may help decrease the inflammatory burden and cardiovascular risk; however, there have been reports of hypertriglyceridemia and worsening of moderate to severe heart failure with these medications. Janus kinase inhibitors, such as tofacitinib, have been associated with hyperlipidemia and thromboembolism. We aim to discuss clinical and imaging modalities to assess cardiovascular risk in inflammatory bowel disease patients and review the role of various medications with respect to cardiovascular disease in this population.
Antagonism of Adherent Invasive E. coli LF82 With Human ?-defensin 5 in the Follicle-associated Epithelium of Patients With Ileal Crohn’s Disease
Lina Y Alkaissi, PhD, Martin E Winberg, PhD, Stéphanie D S Heil, PhD, Staffan Haapaniemi, MD, PhD, P?r Myrelid, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa315
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1116–1127
The first visible signs of Crohn’s disease (CD) are microscopic erosions over the follicle-associated epithelium (FAE). The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of human ?-defensin 5 (HD5) on adherent-invasive Escherichia coli LF82 translocation and HD5 secretion after LF82 exposure in an in vitro model of human FAE and in human FAE ex vivo.
Crohn’s Disease Is Associated With Activation of Circulating Innate Lymphoid Cells
Luca Mazzurana, MSc, Ferdinando Bonfiglio, PhD, Marianne Forkel, PhD, Mauro D’Amato, Jonas Halfvarson
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa316
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1128–1138
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is associated with disturbed mucosal innate lymphoid cell (ILC) composition, which is correlated to the degree of intestinal inflammation. However, it remains unclear whether circulating ILCs are dysregulated in patients with IBD.
Energy Drink Administration Ameliorates Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Defects and Reduces Acute DSS Colitis
Roberto Manzini, MSc, Marlene Schwarzfischer, MSc, Anna Bircher, MSc, Anna Niechcial, MSc, Stephan R Vavricka, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa328
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1139–1152
The rise in the prevalence of inflammatory bowel diseases in the past decades coincides with changes in nutritional habits, such as adaptation of a Western diet. However, it is largely unknown how certain nutritional habits, such as energy drink consumption, affect intestinal inflammation. Here, we assessed the effect of energy drink supplementation on the development of intestinal inflammation in vitro and in vivo.
The Role of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 as a Therapeutic Target and Serum Biomarker in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review
Francisco Jorge Melo, MD, Pedro Pinto-Lopes, MD, Maria Manuela Estevinho, MD, Fernando Magro, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa324
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1153–1165
The roles dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), aminopeptidase N (APN), and their substrates in autoimmune diseases are being increasingly recognized. However, their significance in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is not entirely understood. This systematic review aims to discuss the pathophysiological processes related to these ectopeptidases while comparing findings from preclinical and clinical settings.
COVID-19 Hospitalizations Among U.S. Medicare Beneficiaries With Inflammatory Bowel Disease, April 1 to July 31, 2020
Fang Xu, PhD, Susan A Carlson, PhD, Anne G Wheaton, PhD, Kurt J Greenlund, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab041
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1166–1169
Financial Toxicity in People With Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Richard S Bloomfeld, MD, Stephen J Bickston, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa267
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1170–1171
Financial toxicity is the term for problems our patients suffer related to the cost of medical care. It differs from both direct and indirect costs and is surprisingly common in patients that most would consider well-insured. This editorial discusses steps we can take to limit our patients’ suffering.
IBD Development After Diverticulitis May Hold Clues to IBD Pathogenesis
Ece A Mutlu, MD, MS, MBA
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa300
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages 1172–1173
Corrigendum to Crohn’s Disease Patient Infected With Multiple Co-occurring Nontuberculous Mycobacteria
Sharif Hala, MSc, Chakkiath Paul Antony, PhD, Qingtian Guan, MSc, Mohammed Alshehri, MSc, Asim Alsaedi, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izaa271
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Page 1174
Corrigendum to: Safety of Ustekinumab in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Pooled Safety Analysis of Results from Phase 2/3 Studies
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab014
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Page 1175
Author’s Reply: Fecal Microbiota Transplantation for Chronic Pouchitis: Promising Novel Therapeutic or Lost Cause?
Essi K Karjalainen, MD, Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo, MD, PhD, Reetta Satokari, MSc, PhD, Harri Mustonen, DSc, Ari Ristim?ki, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab003
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages e79–e80
Chemotherapy-Induced Remission of Steroid-Dependent Ulcerative Colitis Associated With Rectal Hodgkin Lymphoma
Roberto de Sire, MD, Fabiana Castiglione, MD, Marco Picardi, MD, Massimo Mascolo, MD, PhD, Imma Di Luna, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab010
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages e81–e82
A Rare Autoinflammatory Syndrome Involving Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis Combined With Iritis
Bing-jie Xiang, MD, Yu-hong Huang, MD, PhD, Cong Dai, MD, PhD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab043
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages e83–e86
SARS-CoV-2 as a Trigger for De Novo Ulcerative Colitis
Nicola Imperatore, MD, Raffaele Bennato, MD, Alfredo D’Avino, MD, Giovanni Lombardi, MD, Francesco Manguso, MD
doi : 10.1093/ibd/izab040
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases, Volume 27, Issue 7, July 2021, Pages e87–e88
