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Risk factors for bronchiolitis and asthma, and COVID-19 symptoms in young children
Philippe Eigenmann
doi : 10.1111/pai.13436
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 215-218
What is new in beta-lactam allergy in children?
Marina Atanaskovic-Markovic
doi : 10.1111/pai.13375
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 219-222
This review highlights the novelties in understanding the underlying immunologic mechanisms of drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) with special reference to beta-lactams (BLs) in the pediatric population, as well as tiny changes in clinical classification and diagnosis of DHRs, in the last couple of years. BLs are still the most commonly prescribed and used antibiotics in children. Viral infections are very often in children, and they can provoke skin rashes which are difficult to differentiate from DHRs. The majority of children are incorrectly labeled as “allergic.” Therefore, allergy to BLs in children is overdiagnosed. These children often receive suboptimal treatment with second-line broad-spectrum antibiotics, which are less effective, more costly, and associated with an increased risk of antibiotic-resistant infections. This prolongs hospitalization and thus more uses health care. The correct diagnosis of BL allergy in children is still an important and hot topic. This review has outlined the need for correct diagnosis of BL allergy in children and all the controversies encountered by pediatricians and pediatric allergists. It is also necessary to change the paradigm.
Biomarkers of diagnosis and resolution of food allergy
Ru-Xin Foong, Alexandra F. Santos
doi : 10.1111/pai.13389
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 223-233
Food allergy is increasing in prevalence, affecting up to 10% of children in developed countries. Food allergy can significantly affect the quality of life and well-being of patients and their families; therefore, an accurate diagnosis is of extreme importance. Some food allergies can spontaneously resolve in 50%-60% of cow’s milk and egg-allergic, 20% of peanut-allergic and 9% of tree nut-allergic children by school age. For that reason, food-allergic status should be monitored over time to determine when to reintroduce the food back into the child’s diet. The gold-standard to confirm the diagnosis and the resolution of food allergy is an oral food challenge; however, this involves the risk of causing an acute-allergic reaction and requires clinical experience and resources to treat allergic reactions of any degree of severity. In the clinical setting, biomarkers have been used and validated to enable an accurate diagnosis when combined with the clinical history, deferring the oral food challenge, whenever possible. In this review, we cover the tools available to support the diagnosis of food allergies and to predict food allergy resolution over time. We review the latest evidence on different testing modalities and how effective they are in guiding clinical decision making in practice. We also evaluate predictive test cut-offs for the more common food allergens to try and provide guidance on when challenges might be most successful in determining oral tolerance in children.
Molecular IgE sensitization profiles of urban and rural children in South Africa
Irene Mittermann, Sheron Dzoro, Pia Gattinger, Maresa Botha, Wisdom Basera, Heidi E. Facey-Thomas, Ben Gaunt, Jon Genuneit, Claudia L. Gray, Carol Hlela, Sabine Flicker, Nonhlanhla Lunjani, Avumile Mankahla, Jordache Ramjith, Rudolf Valenta, Michael E Levin … See fewer authors
doi : 10.1111/pai.13377
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 234-241
Allergens can act as disease-triggering factors in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. The aim of the study was to elucidate the molecular IgE sensitization profile in children with and without AD living in urban and rural areas of South Africa.
Foetal exposure to heavy metals and risk of atopic diseases in early childhood
Giancarlo Pesce, Lucile Sesé, Lucia Calciano, Benoit Travert, Boris Dessimond, Cara Nichole Maesano, Giuliana Ferrante, Guy Huel, Julie Prud’homme, Martine Guinot, Munawar Hussain Soomro, Ramen Munir Baloch, Raphael Lhote, Isabella Annesi-Maesano
doi : 10.1111/pai.13397
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 242-250
Accumulating evidence suggests that in utero exposures can influence the development of the immune system and thus contribute to disease development. Studies investigating the association between prenatal exposures to heavy metals and atopic diseases, however, are scarce.
IgE-reactivity profiles to allergen molecules in Russian children with and without symptoms of allergy revealed by micro-array analysis
Accumulating evidence suggests that in utero exposures can influence the development of the immune system and thus contribute to disease development. Studies investigating the association between prenatal exposures to heavy metals and atopic diseases, however, are scarce.
doi : 10.1111/pai.13354
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 251-263
The analysis of longitudinal birth cohorts with micro-arrayed allergen molecules has provided interesting information about the evolution of IgE sensitization in children. However, so far no cross-sectional study has been performed comparing IgE sensitization profiles in children with and without symptoms of allergy. Furthermore, no data are available regarding molecular IgE sensitization profiles in children from Russia.
Metabolomic differences of exhaled breath condensate among children with and without asthma
Ju Chang-Chien, Hsin-Yi Huang, Hui-Ju Tsai, Chi-Jen Lo, Wan-Chen Lin, Yu-Lun Tseng, Shih-Ling Wang, Hung-Yao Ho, Mei-Ling Cheng, Tsung-Chieh Yao
doi : 10.1111/pai.13368
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 264-272
There remains an unmet need in objective tests for diagnosing asthma in children. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential of metabolomic profiles of exhaled breath condensate (EBC) to discriminate stable asthma in Asian children in the community.
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression in asthma: A glucocorticoid receptor polymorphism may protect
Wisdom Alemya Akurugu, Carel Jacobus Van Heerden, Nicola Mulder, Ekkehard Werner Z?llner
doi : 10.1111/pai.13379
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 273-279
Asthmatic children on corticosteroids can develop hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression (HPAS). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs242941 and rs1876828 of the corticotrophin-releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1) gene were associated with lower stimulated cortisol (F) levels, whereas rs41423247 of the glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) gene was associated with higher basal F levels. The objective of the current study was to confirm whether these three SNPs are associated with HPAS in asthmatic children.
Elective caesarean section and bronchiolitis hospitalization: A retrospective cohort study
Lindsey C. Douglas, Maya Leventer-Roberts, Ohad Levinkron, Karen M. Wilson
doi : 10.1111/pai.13380
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 280-287
We sought to evaluate whether elective caesarean section is associated with subsequent hospitalization for bronchiolitis.
Are young children with asthma more likely to be less physically active?
Raisa Cassim, Shyamali C. Dharmage, Rachel L. Peters, Jennifer J. Koplin, Katrina J. Allen, Mimi L. K. Tang, Adrian J. Lowe, Timothy S. Olds, Francois Fraysse, Elasma Milanzi, Melissa A. Russell, on behalf ofthe HealthNuts Investigators
doi : 10.1111/pai.13383
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 288-294
Previous research suggests that children who experience asthma may be less physically active; however, results have been inconclusive. This study aimed to investigate whether the presence of asthma or wheeze is associated with lower physical activity levels in children, and whether sex, body mass index or earlier asthma or wheeze status modifies the association.
Asthma in farm children is more determined by genetic polymorphisms and in non-farm children by environmental factors
Norbert Krautenbacher, Michael Kabesch, Elisabeth Horak, Charlotte Braun-Fahrl?nder, Jon Genuneit, Andrzej Boznanski, Erika von Mutius, Fabian Theis, Christiane Fuchs, Markus J. Ege, the GABRIELA, PASTURE study groups
doi : 10.1111/pai.13385
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 295-304
The asthma syndrome is influenced by hereditary and environmental factors. With the example of farm exposure, we study whether genetic and environmental factors interact for asthma.
IL-1 signaling pathway molecules as key markers in childhood asthma
Wenping Wei, Jiaqi Huang, Yu Ma, Xingjie Ma, Ling Fang, Wei Fang, Chuangli Hao
doi : 10.1111/pai.13388
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 305-313
The prevalence of childhood asthma has been increasing in recent years. This study aims to investigate the involvement of the key molecules of IL-1 (interleukin-1) signaling pathways in pediatric patients with asthma.
Associations between pediatric asthma and adult non-communicable diseases
Nirmin F. Juber, Chien-Chang Lee, Wen-Chi Pan, Jason J. Liu
doi : 10.1111/pai.13395
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 314-321
To date, there is no comprehensive study examining how asthma diagnosed in childhood or adolescence is associated with diagnoses of subsequent non-communicable diseases (NCDs) during adulthood. Our study aimed to examine the associations between pediatric asthma and several adult NCDs, with temporality and long interval times between asthma and NCD diagnoses.
Association of serum lipid parameters with the SCORAD index and onset of atopic dermatitis in children
Ju Hee Kim, Seung Won Lee, Dong Keon Yon, Eun Kyo Ha, Hye Mi Jee, Myongsoon Sung, Hyeon Jeong Sim, Jung Won Yoon, Sun-Hee Choi, Youn Ho Shin, Seung In Seo, Hey-Sung Baek, Man Yong Han
doi : 10.1111/pai.13391
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 322-330
The association between dyslipidemia and atopic dermatitis in children is unclear. This study investigated the association between dyslipidemia and atopic dermatitis in children by analysis of disease onset, risk factors, and disease severity.
Healthcare utilization in Danish children with atopic dermatitis and parental topical corticosteroid phobia
Trine Gerner, Jeanette Halskou Haugaard, Christian Vestergaard, Mette Deleuran, Gregor Borut Jemec, Charlotte Gotthard Mortz, Tove Agner, Alexander Egeberg, Lone Skov, Jacob P. Thyssen
doi : 10.1111/pai.13394
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 331-341
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent relapsing inflammatory skin disease. There is currently little knowledge about healthcare utilization and medication use along with parental corticosteroid phobia in relation to severity of pediatric AD.
Subjective oral symptoms are insufficient predictors of a positive oral food challenge
Liat Nachshon, Oren Zipper, Michael B. Levy, Michael R. Goldberg, Naama Epstein-Rigby, Arnon Elizur
doi : 10.1111/pai.13392
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 342-348
Subjective oral symptoms, especially if recurrent, might lead to termination of an oral food challenge (OFC) for fear of a subsequent severe reaction.
Parents of ataxia-telangiectasia patients display a distinct cellular immune phenotype mimicking ATM-mutated patients
Ismail Ogulur, Tugce Ertuzun, Burcu Kocamis, Yasemin Kendir Demirkol, Emel Uyar, Ayca Kiykim, Dilek Baser, Gozde Yesil, Hacer Akturk, Ayper Somer, Ahmet Ozen, Elif Karakoc-Aydiner, Meltem Muftuoglu, Safa Baris
doi : 10.1111/pai.13387
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 349-357
Heterozygous relatives of ataxia-telangiectasia (AT) patients are at an increased risk for certain AT-related manifestations. We also show that there is an increase of infection frequency in parents of AT patients. Thus, we hypothesized that the parents might exhibit immune alterations similar to their affected children.
The younger the milder clinical course of COVID-19: Even in newborns?
Char Leung
doi : 10.1111/pai.13371
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 358-362
Milder symptoms were observed in children with COVID-19. However, whether this also holds true for neonates is not known.
Functional correlations between CXCL10/IP10 gene polymorphisms and risk of Kawasaki disease
Yu-Wen Hsu, Hsing-Fang Lu, Wan-Hsuan Chou, Ho-Chang Kuo, Wei-Chiao Chang
doi : 10.1111/pai.13381
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 363-370
Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute systemic vasculitis syndrome with unknown pathogen. The immune system has been suggested to involve in the pathogenesis in KD. IP10 is a chemoattractant for initiating T-cell activation. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms of IP10 and KD.
Bronchodilator responsiveness in healthy children: Insights from a cross-sectional study
Tiago Azenha Rama, Carla Martins, Inês Paciência, Jo?o Cavaleiro Rufo, Diana Silva, Francisca Castro Mendes, Milton Severo, Patr?cia Padr?o, Pedro Moreira, Lu?s Delgado, André Moreira
doi : 10.1111/pai.13326
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 371-373
An interaction of the 17q12-21 locus with mold exposure in childhood asthma
Sanghun Lee, Jessica Lasky-Su, Wonji Kim, Sungho Won, Cecelia Laurie, Juan C. Celed?n, Christoph Lange, Scott T. Weiss, Julian Hecker
doi : 10.1111/pai.13376
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 373-376
No dose effect observed with chronic fluticasone propionate on growth velocity in children
Laurie A. Lee, S?ren Pedersen, Steven J. Pascoe, Stanley J. Szefler, Warren Lenney
doi : 10.1111/pai.13378
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 377-381
Gut linoleic acid is associated with the severity of atopic dermatitis and sensitization to egg white/milk in infants
So-Yeon Lee, Yoon Mee Park, Hyun Ju Yoo, Dong In Suh, Youn Ho Shin, Kyung Won Kim, Kangmo Ahn, Soo-Jong Hong
doi : 10.1111/pai.13393
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 382-385
Comment on Das et al.
Yasutaka Kuniyoshi, Yasushi Tsujimoto, Masahiro Banno, Shunsuke Taito, Takashi Ariie
doi : 10.1111/pai.13369
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 386-387
Comments on Kothalawala et al.
Arthur H. Owora, Yijia Zhang
doi : 10.1111/pai.13386
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 389-392
Reply to Owora et al.
Dilini M. Kothalawala, Latha Kadalayil, Veronique B.N. Weiss, Mohammed Aref Kyyaly, Syed Hasan Arshad, John W. Holloway, Faisal I. Rezwan
doi : 10.1111/pai.13396
Volume32, Issue2,Pages 393-395
