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Living well with kidney disease by patient and care partner empowerment: kidney health for everyone everywhere
Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Philip Kam-Tao Li, Ekamol Tantisattamo, Latha Kumaraswami, Vassilios Liakopoulos ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa336
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 197–201
Chronic kidney disease (CKD, not receiving kidney replacement therapy), its associated symptoms and its treatment, including medications, dietary and fluid restrictions and kidney replacement therapy, can disrupt and constrain daily living and impair the overall quality of life of patients and their family members. Consequently this can also impact treatment satisfaction and clinical outcomes [1]. Despite this, the past several decades have seen limited improvement in the quality of life of people with CKD [1]. To advance research, practice and policy, there is increasing recognition of the need to identify and address patient priorities, values and goals [1].
Bone biopsy in chronic kidney disease: still neglected and in need of revitalization
Sandro Mazzaferro, Marzia Pasquali
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa269
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 202–204
Renal osteodystrophy (ROD) is now included in the larger chronic kidney disease–mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) with evidence of a specific contribution to increased mortality in renal diseases. Bone biopsy is universally recognized as the gold standard diagnostic test for ROD, but due to limited diffusion, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcome (KDIGO) guidelines do not recommend it widely.
Long- or short-acting erythropoiesis-stimulating agents: take no shortcuts in their evaluation
Elisabeth M Hodson, Giovanni F M Strippoli
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa118
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 205–207
The main cause of anaemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) is decreased production of erythropoietin in the kidney exacerbated by concurrent relative iron deficiency [1]. Before recombinant human erythropoietin became available, anaemia in CKD was managed with blood transfusions and iron supplements. The efficacy of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) was first demonstrated in dialysis patients in 1986 [2] and was subsequently assessed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Evidence from RCTs has been summarized extensively in systematic reviews [3–7].
Proliferative glomerulonephritis with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits: a nephrologist perspective
Frank Bridoux, Vincent Javaugue, Samih H Nasr, Nelson Leung
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfz176
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 208–215
Proliferative glomerulonephritis (GN) with monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits (PGNMIDs) is a recently described entity among the spectrum of monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS). The disease is renal limited and manifests with chronic glomerular disease, altered renal function and albuminuria, sometimes in the nephrotic range.
Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing in kidney research
Takamasa Iwakura, Julian A Marschner, Zhi Bo Zhao, Monika Katarzyna ?widerska, Hans-Joachim Anders
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfz191
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 216–223
Electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) is a quantitative, label-free, non-invasive analytical method allowing continuous monitoring of the behaviour of adherent cells by online recording of transcellular impedance. ECIS offers a wide range of practical applications to study cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, toxicity and monolayer barrier integrity. All of these applications are relevant for basic kidney research, e.g. on endothelial cells, tubular and glomerular epithelial cells. This review gives an overview on the fundamental principles of the ECIS technology. We name strengths and remaining hurdles for practical applications, present an ECIS array reuse protocol, and review its past, present and potential future contributions to preclinical kidney research.
Acute kidney injury in patients with COVID-19: an update on the pathophysiology
Hassan Izzedine, Kenar D Jhaveri
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa184
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 224–226
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting ?20–40% of patients admitted to intensive care, and is considered as a marker of disease severity and a negative prognostic factor for survival [1,2].
Plasma exchange in ANCA-associated vasculitis: the pro position
Andreas Kronbichler, Jae Il Shin, Chia-Shi Wang, Wladimir M Szpirt, M?rten Segelmark ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa311
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 227–231
Plasma exchange (PLEX) is capable of removing significant amounts of circulating antibodies. In anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis, PLEX was reserved for patients with severe presentation forms such as rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and pulmonary haemorrhage. The Plasma Exchange and Glucocorticoids in Severe ANCA-Associated Vasculitis (PEXIVAS) trial included all comers with a glomerular filtration rate <50?mL/min/1.73?m2 and thus aimed to answer the question of whether PLEX is an option for patients with no relevant kidney function impairment or not.
Plasma exchange for the management of ANCA-associated vasculitis: the con position
Ulrich Specks, Lynn A Fussner, Rodrigo Cartin-Ceba, Marta Casal Moura, Ladan Zand ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa312
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 231–236
Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis have led to continued improvement in survival and prognosis over the course of the last 4 decades. Nevertheless, the most acute and severe disease manifestations, including severe kidney disease and alveolar hemorrhage, continue to be associated with increased early mortality from disease activity or treatment complications as well as risk for the development of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), which in turn directly affects the overall prognosis of ANCA-associated vasculitis. Plasma exchange (PLEX) has long been proposed and used for these most severe disease manifestations under the assumption that its effects are swift and supported by our understanding of the pathogenic role of ANCA.
Mutations in transcription factor CP2-like 1 may cause a novel syndrome with distal renal tubulopathy in humans
Verena Kl?mbt, Max Werth, Ana C Onuchic-Whitford, Maike Getwan, Thomas M Kitzler ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa215
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 237–246
An underlying monogenic cause of early-onset chronic kidney disease (CKD) can be detected in ?20% of individuals. For many etiologies of CKD manifesting before 25?years of age, >200 monogenic causative genes have been identified to date, leading to the elucidation of mechanisms of renal pathogenesis.
Novel in vitro assays to detect circulating permeability factor(s) in idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Dirk J W den Braanker, Rutger J Maas, Jeroen K Deegens, Cansu Yanginlar, Jack F M Wetzels ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa211
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 247–256
Many patients with idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) develop recurrence of proteinuria after kidney transplantation (TX). Although several circulating permeability factors (CPFs) responsible for recurrence have been suggested, there is no consensus. To facilitate CPF identification and predict recurrence after TX, there is a need for robust methods that demonstrate the presence of CPFs.
Treprostinil, a prostacyclin analog, ameliorates renal ischemia–reperfusion injury: preclinical studies in a rat model of acute kidney injury
Meiwen Ding, Evelyn Tolbert, Mark Birkenbach, Fatemeh Akhlaghi, Reginald Gohh ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa236
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 257–266
Renal ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major factor causing acute kidney injury (AKI). No pharmacological treatments for prevention or amelioration of I/R-induced renal injury are available. Here we investigate the protective effects of treprostinil, a prostacyclin analog, against renal IRI in vivo.
Types of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and risk of end-stage kidney disease and death in patients with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease
Roberto Minutolo, Carlo Garofalo, Paolo Chiodini, Filippo Aucella, Lucia Del Vecchio ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa088
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 267–274
Despite the widespread use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) to treat anaemia, the risk of adverse outcomes associated with the use of different types of ESAs in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD) is poorly investigated.
Arteriovenous access placement and renal function decline
Ulrika Hahn Lundstr?m, Ulf Hedin, Alessandro Gasparini, Fergus J Caskey, Juan-Jesus Carrero ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfz221
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 275–280
There is controversial evidence on whether arteriovenous access (AVA) placement may protect renal function and hence should be considered in the timing of access placement. This study aimed to investigate the association between AVA placement and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline as compared with the placement of a peritoneal dialysis catheter (PDC) at a similar time point.
Determinants of change in arterial stiffness over 5 years in early chronic kidney disease
Natasha J McIntyre, Adam Shardlow, Richard J Fluck, Christopher W McIntyre, Maarten W Taal
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfz170
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 281–288
Arterial stiffness (AS) is an established and potentially modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD). There have been few studies to evaluate the progression of AS over time or factors that contribute to this, particularly in early CKD. We therefore investigated AS over 5?years in an elderly population with CKD Stage 3 cared for in primary care.
Associations of ABO blood type and galactose-deficient immunoglobulin A1 with adverse outcomes in patients with IgA nephropathy
Manliu Wang, Jicheng Lv, Pei Chen, Guizhen Yu, Sufang Shi ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfz171
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 288–294
Both ABO blood group antigens and pathogenic immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) in patients with IgA nephropathy (IgAN) are influenced by modifications of N-acetylgalactosamine and galactose. The purpose of this study was to assess whether ABO blood type is associated with galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) in the progression of kidney disease in patients with IgAN.
Urinary chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 16 and endostatin as predictors of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in patients with advanced diabetic kidney disease
Yu Ho Lee, Ki Pyo Kim, Sun-Hwa Park, Dong-Jin Kim, Yang-Gyun Kim ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfz168
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 295–305
Interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) is a well-recognized risk factor for poor renal outcome in patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, a noninvasive biomarker for IFTA is currently lacking. The purpose of this study was to identify urinary markers of IFTA and to determine their clinical relevance as predictors of renal prognosis.
Targeted broad-based genetic testing by next-generation sequencing informs diagnosis and facilitates management in patients with kidney diseases
M Adela Mansilla, Ramakrishna R Sompallae, Carla J Nishimura, Anne E Kwitek, Mycah J Kimble ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfz173
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 295–305
The clinical diagnosis of genetic renal diseases may be limited by the overlapping spectrum of manifestations between diseases or by the advancement of disease where clues to the original process are absent. The objective of this study was to determine whether genetic testing informs diagnosis and facilitates management of kidney disease patients.
Assisted peritoneal dialysis and transfer to haemodialysis: a cause-specific analysis with data from the RDPLF
Antoine Lanot, Clémence Bechade, Annabel Boyer, Maxence Ficheux, Thierry Lobbedez
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa289
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 330–339
Technique failure, defined as death or transfer to haemodialysis (HD), is a major concern in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Nurse-assisted PD is globally associated with a lower risk of transfer to HD. We aimed to evaluate the association between assisted PD and the risk of the different causes of transfer to HD.
Adverse gastrointestinal events with sodium polystyrene sulphonate and calcium polystyrene sulphonate use in dialysis patients: a nationwide registry study
Jo?o Pedro Ferreira, Cécile Couchoud, Stéphane Edet, Philippe Brunet, Luc Frimat
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa229
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 339–345
Sodium polystyrene sulphonate (SPS) and calcium polystyrene sulphonate (CPS) are commonly used cation-exchange resins for the treatment and control of hyperkalaemia. However, their use (particularly SPS) has been limited by reports of adverse gastrointestinal (GI) events. The safety of these compounds in patients undergoing dialysis requires larger investigation.
Evolution of body composition and wasting indicators by time of day of haemodialysis
Juan J Carrero, Adam M Zawada, Melanie Wolf, Stefano Stuard, Bernard Canaud ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa253
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 346–354
It has been a long-standing clinical concern that haemodialysis (HD) patients on afternoon shifts (ASs) are more prone to protein-energy wasting (PEW) than those on morning shifts (MSs), as their dialysis scheme and post-dialysis symptoms may interfere with meal intake. We evaluated the effect of time of day of HD on the evolution of body composition changes and PEW surrogates.
Renal transplant outcomes in amyloidosis
Steven Law, Oliver Cohen, Helen J Lachmann, Tamer Rezk, Janet A Gilbertson ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa293
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 355–365
Outcomes after renal transplantation have traditionally been poor in systemic amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis and systemic light chain (AL) amyloidosis, with high mortality and frequent recurrent disease. We sought to compare outcomes with matched transplant recipients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) and diabetic nephropathy (DN), and identify factors predictive of outcomes.
Development and validation of a risk score for the prediction of cardiovascular disease in living donor kidney transplant recipients
Kenji Ueki, Akihiro Tsuchimoto, Yuta Matsukuma, Kaneyasu Nakagawa, Hiroaki Tsujikawa ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa275
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 365–374
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of death in kidney transplant (KT) recipients. To improve their long-term survival, it is clinically important to estimate the risk of CVD after living donor KT via adequate pre-transplant CVD screening.
Serial troponin measurements to monitor risk and response to endothelin A antagonism in chronic kidney disease
Atul Anand, Tariq E Farrah, Eve Miller-Hodges, Anoop S V Shah, Fiona E Strachan ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa214
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 375–377
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global epidemic, but efforts to reduce its burden have been less effective than for other non-communicable diseases. Between 1990 and 2017, the global age-standardized mortality rate fell by 41.3% for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 30.4% for cardiovascular disease, 14.9% for cancer, but by only 2.8% for CKD [1]. Importantly, CKD is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which is its most common endpoint [2]. Indeed, in a recent analysis, almost 7% of global CVD burden was attributed to impaired kidney function [3]. Identifying cardiovascular risk early in...
Albuminuria in parents with type 2 diabetes is associated with age-related increase in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased albuminuria in non-diabetic offspring
Simonetta Bacci, Maria Giulia Tinti, Anna Rauseo, Valentina Massa, Gianluigi Vendemiale ...
doi : 10.1093/ndt/gfaa235
Volume 36, Issue 2, February 2021, Pages 378–379
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), which progressively increases with age in the general population [1, 2], is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular events (CVEs) [3]. In addition, LDLc plays a role in the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy [4, 5]. Some reports have shown that cholesterol-lowering treatment reduces urinary albumin excretion in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) [6, 7], suggesting a potential causal relationship between cholesterol level and diabetic nephropathy. Both LDLc level and urinary albumin excretion are determined (at least in part) by genetic factors [8, 9] and their heritability could be closely interrelated.
