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Epidemiology of gastroparesis: important answers and still more questions
Saam Dilmaghani, Michael Camilleri
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322140
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (21 July, 2020)
COVID-19 and IBD drugs: should we change anything at the moment?
Charlie W Lees, Peter M Irving, Laurent Beaugerie
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323247
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (19 November, 2020)
SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases: recommendations from an international consensus meeting
Corey A Siegel, Gil Y Melmed, Dermot PB McGovern, Victoria Rai, Florian Krammer, David T Rubin, Maria T Abreu, Marla C Dubinsky
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-324000
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (20 January, 2021)
The COVID-19 pandemic has claimed the lives of nearly 2 million people worldwide.1 Following rapid sequencing of SARS-CoV-2, pharmaceutical companies and academic institutions rapidly generated vaccine candidates on the back of a variety of both established and novel vaccine platforms.
Real-time unblinding for validation of a new CADe tool for colorectal polyp detection
Pieter Sinonquel, Tom Eelbode, Cesare Hassan, Giulio Antonelli, Federica Filosofi, Helmut Neumann, Ingrid Demedts, Philip Roelandt, Frederik Maes, Raf Bisschops
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322491
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (12 October, 2020)
Original research: Epidemiology and outcomes of gastroparesis, as documented in general practice records, in the United Kingdom
Yizhou Ye, Baoguo Jiang, Sudhakar Manne, Peter L Moses, Cristina Almansa, Dimitri Bennett, Paul Dolin, Alexander C Ford
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321277
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (3 June, 2020)
To generate real-world evidence for the epidemiology of gastroparesis in the UK, we evaluated the prevalence, incidence, patient characteristics and outcomes of gastroparesis in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD) database.
Original research: Mist1+ gastric isthmus stem cells are regulated by Wnt5a and expand in response to injury and inflammation in mice
Henrik Nienhüser, Woosook Kim, Ermanno Malagola, Tuo Ruan, Giovanni Valenti, Moritz Middelhoff, Adam Bass, Channing J Der, Yoku Hayakawa, Timothy C Wang
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-320742
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (24 July, 2020)
The gastric epithelium undergoes continuous turnover. Corpus epithelial stem cells located in the gastric isthmus serve as a source of tissue self-renewal. We recently identified the transcription factor Mist1 as a marker for this corpus stem cell population that can give rise to cancer. The aim here was to investigate the regulation of the Mist1+ stem cells in the response to gastric injury and inflammation.
Original research: Angiogenin maintains gut microbe homeostasis by balancing ?-Proteobacteria and Lachnospiraceae
Desen Sun, Rongpan Bai, Wei Zhou, Zhengrong Yao, Yaxin Liu, Shasha Tang, Xiaolong Ge, Liang Luo, Chi Luo, Guo-fu Hu, Jinghao Sheng, Zhengping Xu
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320135
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (25 August, 2020)
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play essential roles in maintaining gut health and are associated with IBD. This study is to elucidate the effect of angiogenin (ANG), an intestine-secreted AMP, on gut microbiota and its relevance with IBD.
Original research: Thiopurine monotherapy is effective in ulcerative colitis but significantly less so in Crohn’s disease: long-term outcomes for 11?928 patients in the UK inflammatory bowel disease bioresource
Evangelos Stournaras, Wendi Qian, Apostolos Pappas, You Yi Hong, Rasha Shawky, UK IBD BioResource Investigators, Tim Raine, Miles Parkes
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320185
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (1 October, 2020)
Thiopurines are widely used as maintenance therapy in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) but the evidence base for their use is sparse and their role increasingly questioned. Using the largest series reported to date, we assessed the long-term effectiveness of thiopurines in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), including their impact on need for surgery.
Original research: Location-specific cell identity rather than exposure to GI microbiota defines many innate immune signalling cascades in the gut epithelium
Ozge Kayisoglu, Franziska Weiss, Carolin Niklas, Isabella Pierotti, Malvika Pompaiah, Nina Wallaschek, Christoph-Thomas Germer, Armin Wiegering, Sina Bartfeld
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319919
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (22 June, 2020)
The epithelial layer of the GI tract is equipped with innate immune receptors to sense invading pathogens. Dysregulation in innate immune signalling pathways is associated with severe inflammatory diseases, but the responsiveness of GI epithelial cells to bacterial stimulation remains unclear.
Original research: Gut microbiota composition reflects disease severity and dysfunctional immune responses in patients with COVID-19
Yun Kit Yeoh, Tao Zuo, Grace Chung-Yan Lui, Fen Zhang, Qin Liu, Amy YL Li, Arthur CK Chung, Chun Pan Cheung, Eugene YK Tso, Kitty SC Fung, Veronica Chan, Lowell Ling, Gavin Joynt, David Shu-Cheong Hui, Kai Ming Chow, Susanna So Shan Ng, Timothy Chun-Man Li, Rita WY Ng, Terry CF Yip, Grace Lai-Hung Wong, Francis KL Chan, Chun Kwok Wong, Paul KS Chan, Siew C Ng
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-323020
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (11 January, 2021)
Although COVID-19 is primarily a respiratory illness, there is mounting evidence suggesting that the GI tract is involved in this disease. We investigated whether the gut microbiome is linked to disease severity in patients with COVID-19, and whether perturbations in microbiome composition, if any, resolve with clearance of the SARS-CoV-2 virus.
ABC score: a new risk score that accurately predicts mortality in acute upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding: an international multicentre study
Stig Borbjerg Laursen, Kathryn Oakland, Loren Laine, Vered Bieber, Riccardo Marmo, Eduardo Redondo-Cerezo, Harry R Dalton, Jeffrey Ngu, Michael Schultz, Marco Soncini, Ian Gralnek, Vipul Jairath, Iain A Murray, Adrian J Stanley
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320002
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (28 July, 2020)
Existing scores are not accurate at predicting mortality in upper (UGIB) and lower (LGIB) gastrointestinal bleeding. We aimed to develop and validate a new pre-endoscopy score for predicting mortality in both UGIB and LGIB.
Major GI bleeding in older persons using aspirin: incidence and risk factors in the ASPREE randomised controlled trial
Suzanne E Mahady, Karen L Margolis, Andrew Chan, Galina Polekhina, Robyn L Woods, Rory Wolfe, Mark R Nelson, Jessica E Lockery, Erica M Wood, Christopher Reid, Michael E Ernst, Anne Murray, LTP Thao, John J McNeil
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321585
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (3 August, 2020)
There is a lack of robust data on significant gastrointestinal bleeding in older people using aspirin. We calculated the incidence, risk factors and absolute risk using data from a large randomised, controlled trial.
Effect of IBD medications on COVID-19 outcomes: results from an international registryEditor's Choice
Ryan C Ungaro, Erica J Brenner, Richard B Gearry, Gilaad G Kaplan, Michele Kissous-Hunt, James D Lewis, Siew C Ng, Jean-Francois Rahier, Walter Reinisch, Fl?vio Steinwurz, Fox E Underwood, Xian Zhang, Jean-Frederic Colombel, Michael D Kappelman
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322539
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (20 October, 2020)
We sought to evaluate COVID-19 clinical course in patients with IBD treated with different medication classes and combinations.
Liver injury is independently associated with adverse clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19
Terry Cheuk-Fung Yip, Grace Chung-Yan Lui, Vincent Wai-Sun Wong, Viola Chi-Ying Chow, Tracy Hang-Yee Ho, Timothy Chun-Man Li, Yee-Kit Tse, David Shu-Cheong Hui, Henry Lik-Yuen Chan, Grace Lai-Hung Wong
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321726
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (8 July, 2020)
Data on serial liver biochemistries of patients infected by different human coronaviruses (HCoVs) are lacking. The impact of liver injury on adverse clinical outcomes in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients remains unclear.
Original research: Synergistic targeting and resistance to PARP inhibition in DNA damage repair-deficient pancreatic cancer
Johann Gout, Lukas Perkhofer, Mareen Morawe, Frank Arnold, Michaela Ihle, Stephanie Biber, Sebastian Lange, Elodie Roger, Johann M Kraus, Katja Stifter, Stephan A Hahn, Andrea Zamperone, Thomas Engleitner, Martin Müller, Karolin Walter, Eva Rodriguez-Aznar, Bruno Sainz Jr, Patrick C Hermann, Elisabeth Hessmann, Sebastian Müller, Ninel Azoitei, André Lechel, Stefan Liebau, Martin Wagner, Diane M Simeone, Hans A Kestler, Thomas Seufferlein, Lisa Wiesmüller, Roland Rad, Pierre-Olivier Frappart, Alexander Kleger
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319970
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (1 September, 2020)
ATM serine/threonine kinase (ATM) is the most frequently mutated DNA damage response gene, involved in homologous recombination (HR), in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
Original research: Dietary cholesterol drives fatty liver-associated liver cancer by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites
Xiang Zhang, Olabisi Oluwabukola Coker, Eagle SH Chu, Kaili Fu, Harry C H Lau, Yi-Xiang Wang, Anthony W H Chan, Hong Wei, Xiaoyong Yang, Joseph J Y Sung, Jun Yu
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-319664
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (21 July, 2020)
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasing healthcare burden worldwide. We examined the role of dietary cholesterol in driving NAFLD–HCC through modulating gut microbiota and its metabolites.
Original research: Role of serum HBV RNA and hepatitis B surface antigen levels in identifying Asian patients with chronic hepatitis B suitable for entecavir cessation
Wai-Kay Seto, Kevin SH Liu, Lung-Yi Mak, Gavin Cloherty, Danny Ka-Ho Wong, Jeffrey Gersch, Yuk-Fai Lam, Ka-Shing Cheung, Ning Chow, Kwan-Lung Ko, Wai-Pan To, James Fung, Man-Fung Yuen
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321116
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (5 August, 2020)
Treatment cessation in chronic HBV infection may be durable in certain patient subgroups before hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance. The role of serum HBV RNA in determining treatment cessation suitability has not been well-investigated.
MicroRNAs as regulators, biomarkers and therapeutic targets in liver diseases
Xiaolin Wang, Yong He, Bryan Mackowiak, Bin Gao
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322526
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (30 October, 2020)
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNAs that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression by binding to specific mRNA targets and promoting their degradation and/or translational inhibition. miRNAs regulate both physiological and pathological liver functions. Altered expression of miRNAs is associated with liver metabolism dysregulation, liver injury, liver fibrosis and tumour development, making miRNAs attractive therapeutic strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases.
Emerging treatment options for extraintestinal manifestations in IBD
Thomas Greuter, Florian Rieder, Torsten Kucharzik, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Alain M Schoepfer, David T Rubin, Stephan R Vavricka
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322129
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (26 August, 2020)
Extraintestinal manifestations (EIMs) are frequently observed in IBDs and contribute considerably to morbidity and mortality. They have long been considered a difficult to treat entity due to limited therapy options, but the increasing use of anti-tumour necrosis factors has dramatically changed the therapeutic approach to EIM in recent years. Newly emerging therapies such as JAK inhibitors and anti-interleukin 12/23 will further shape the available armamentarium.
GI highlights from the literature
Philip J Smith
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2021-324449
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (5 March, 2021)
Letter: Alteration of taste or smell as a predictor of COVID-19
Jyh-Ming Liou, Mei-Jyh Chen, Tzu-Chan Hong, Ming-Shiang Wu
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322125
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (3 July, 2020)
Letter: Involvement of liver in COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis
Dipesh Kumar Yadav, Akanand Singh, Qi Zhang, Xueli Bai, Wei Zhang, Rajesh Kumar Yadav, Alina Singh, Li Zhiwei, Vishnu Prasad Adhikari, Tingbo Liang
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322072
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (15 July, 2020)
Letter: Crohn’s disease instead of UC might increase the risk of small bowel cancer
Rui Zhao, Qian-Yi Wan, Yutao Wu, Yong Wang, Ya-Ping Cui, Xiaoding Shen, Xiao Ting Wu
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322201
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (14 July, 2020)
Letter: Non-nucleatum Fusobacterium species are dominant in the Southern Chinese population with distinctive correlations to host diseases compared with F. nucleatum
Yan He, Prabhakar Mujagond, Wenli Tang, Wei Wu, Huimin Zheng, Xia Chen, Muxuan Chen, Wenjun Ma, Guanghui Chen, Hongwei Zhou
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322090
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (20 July, 2020)
Letter: Anti-TNF-associated immunogenicity: use a retroactive drug but a proactive approach
Ashish Srinivasan, Peter De Cruz, Daniel R van Langenberg
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322302
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (17 July, 2020)
Letter: Three centuries since the discovery of Vater’s Papilla
Tilman Pickartz, Quang Trung Tran, Markus M. Lerch
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2020-322016
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (30 July, 2020)
Dysphagia in a young female patient: it’s not always that simple
Joana Carv?o, Armando Peixoto, Elisabete Rios, Guilherme Macedo
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-320307
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (24 December, 2019)
Correction: British Society of Gastroenterology consensus guidelines on the management of inflammatory bowel disease in adults
doi : 10.1136/gutjnl-2019-318484corr1
April 2021-Volume 70-4 (5 March, 2021)
