Diaphragmatic defects in thoracic endometriosis

Gross pathology of diaphragmatic defects (pores) seen in some patients with thoracic endometriosis. Panel A shows the dome of the diaphragm punctuated by multiple areas of "thinning" (arrows). When the diaphragm is lifted off the surface of the liver (panel B), these areas can be more clearly seen as perforations or pores. These lesions are seen in <50% of patients with thoracic endometriosis and when present may vary in number from 1 to 30 or more.