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خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
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Effect of selected medicines and other agents on bladder function

Effect of selected medicines and other agents on bladder function
  Medicines and other agents Effect on bladder function
Allergy
Antihistamines First-generation H1 receptor antagonists (eg, brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine, clemastine, cyproheptadine, dimenhydrinate, diphenhydramine, hydroxyzine, others) Decreased contractility via anticholinergic effect
Decongestants Pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine Increased urethral sphincter tone
Analgesic and sedative
Benzodiazepines Chlordiazepoxide, clonazepam, temazepam, triazolam, others Impaired micturition via muscle relaxant effect
Opioids Codeine, meperidine, morphine, oxycodone, others Decreased sensation of fullness and increased urethral sphincter tone
Anticholinergic*
Antimuscarinics (overactive bladder medications) Darifenacin, fesoterodine, oxybutynin, solifenacin, tolterodine, trospium Decreased contractility via anticholinergic effect
Spasmolytic Dicyclomine, hyoscyamine, glycopyrrolate, methscopolamine, propantheline, scopolamine (hyoscine) Decreased contractility via anticholinergic effect
Anticholinergics (antiparkinson medications) Benztropine, trihexyphenidyl Decreased contractility via anticholinergic effect
Cardiology
ACE inhibitors Enalapril, lisinopril, ramipril, others Decreased contractility; chronic coughing
Alpha-agonists Midodrine, phenylephrine, vasopressors (various) Increased urethral sphincter tone
Alpha1-blockers Alfuzosin, doxazosin, prazosin, silodosin, tamsulosin, terazosin Decreased urethral sphincter tone
Antiarrhythmic Disopyramide, flecainide Decreased contractility via local anesthetic effect on bladder mucosa or anticholinergic effect
Diuretics Various Increased urine production, contractility, or rate of emptying
Psychotropic
Antidepressants SNRIs: duloxetine, reboxetineΔ Increased urethral sphincter tone
Tricyclic antidepressants (amitriptyline, clomipramine, desipramine, doxepin, imipramine, nortriptyline, others) Decreased contractility via anticholinergic effect
Antipsychotics First-generation (chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, methotrimeprazine); second-generation (clozapine, olanzapine, risperidone); others have lower effect Mixed effects described; decreased contractility via anticholinergic effect; increased micturition and stress incontinence via stimulation of alpha1 receptors and/or central dopaminergic receptors
Other
Skeletal muscle relaxants Orphenadrine, tizanidine (also cyclobenzaprine, baclofen, and methocarbamol; but effect is lower) Decreased contractility via anticholinergic effect
Estrogens Oral estrogens (hormone replacement therapy) Increased urinary incontinence
Beta3-agonist Mirabegron Decreased contractility via beta3-adrenergic effect
Alcohol   Decreased contractility
Caffeine   Increased contractility or rate of emptying
ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; SNRIs: serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors; BPH: benign prostatic hyperplasia.
* Inhaled antimuscarinic bronchodilators (eg, ipratropium, tiotropium) and ophthalmic drops (eg, atropine, cyclopentolate) can be absorbed systemically in varying degrees; urinary retention has been rarely associated with their use particularly among older adults, among men with BPH, and with administration of an inhaled anticholinergic drug by nebulizer.
¶ Increased micturition reported by ≤3% of patients in clinical studies of calcium channel blockers; mixed effects have been described.
Δ Not available in the United States.
Prepared with data from:
  1. Verhamme K, Sturkenboom M, Stricker B, et al. Drug induced urinary retention. Drug Saf 2008; 31:373.
  2. Zyczynski H, Parekh M, Kahn M, et al. Urinary incontinence in women. American Urogynecologic Society (2012); available at http://eguideline.guidelinecentral.com/i/76622-augs-urinary-incontinence
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