Differential diagnosis of recurrent oral ulcerations

Rheumatologic diseases

Systemic lupus erythematosus
Reactive arthritis

Gastrointestinal diseases

Inflammatory bowel disease
Celiac disease

Autoinflammatory conditions

Periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis and adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome
Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D syndrome
A20 haploinsufficiency

Infections

Herpes simplex virus
Human immunodeficiency virus

Dermatologic diseases

Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Pemphigoid
Pemphigus
Lichen planus
Linear IgA bullous dermatosis

Hematologic conditions

Cyclic neutropenia

Other

Drugs including methotrexate, other chemotherapy and nicorandil
Nutritional deficiencies such as vitamin B12, iron and folic acid
Recurrent aphthous stomatitis

Reprinted by permission from Macmillan Publishers Ltd: Nature Reviews Rheumatology. Ambrose NL, Haskard DO. Differential diagnosis and management of Behçet syndrome. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2013; 9:79. Copyright © 2013. www.nature.com/nrrheum.

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Differential diagnosis of recurrent oral ulcerations