Applicable neuromonitoring modalities by type of surgery

	EEG	EMG	SSEP	BAEP	MEP
Spine surgeries
Thoracoabdominal deformity correction		X (especially to detect radiculopathy/pedicle screw testing)	X		X
Lower lumbosacral spine		X	X		Less commonly used below level of spinal cord
Cervical spine		X	X		X
Intramedullary spinal tumor			X (often to identify dorsal-median sulcus)		X (especially D-wave)
Cauda equina or tethered cord		X	X
Intracranial surgeries
Neurovascular	X		X		X
Supratentorial tumor resection	X		X		X
Skull base/posterior fossa/brainstem		X (such as "safe entry zone" identification)	X	X	X
Intracranial seizure focus ablation	X (ECoG)
Cardiovascular surgeries
Carotid	X		X (subcortical monitoring)
Aortic			X		X
Otolaryngology surgeries
Anterior neck surgeries		X
Interventional neuroradiology procedures
Intracranial	X		X		X
Spine			X		X

EEG: electroencephalography; EMG: electromyography; SSEP: somatosensory evoked potential; BAEP: brainstem auditory evoked potential; MEP: motor evoked potential; ECoG: electrocorticography.

Graphic 101913 Version 5.0

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Applicable neuromonitoring modalities by type of surgery