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خرید پکیج

تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد

Bronchiolar disorders in adults

Bronchiolar disorders in adults

Disorder	Clinical features	HRCT	Histopathology
Bronchiolitis obliterans (also called constrictive bronchiolitis/obliterative bronchiolitis)	Dyspnea, cough; PFTs normal or show airflow limitation without bronchodilator reversibility; predisposing process (eg, inhalational or drug exposure, rheumatic disease, lung or hematopoietic transplant)	Mosaic attenuation Air trapping seen on inspiratory and expiratory views Bronchial wall-thickening (eg, "v" or "y" shaped branching linear opacities) Centrilobular nodules	Constrictive bronchiolitis: concentric narrowing or complete obliteration of airway lumen Bronchiolar hypertrophy Bronchiolectasis Few lymphocytes
Proliferative bronchiolitis (organizing pneumonia)	Usually seen in the context of cryptogenic or secondary organizing pneumonia or nitrogen dioxide exposure	Peripheral, patchy air-space consolidation or ground-glass opacities, small nodular opacities, and bronchial wall thickening with dilation	Fibroblast proliferation and an organizing, polypoid intraluminal exudate in respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts Foamy macrophages in alveoli
Follicular bronchiolitis	Progressive dyspnea; associated with rheumatic diseases, immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity pneumonitis	Centrilobular nodules; may have patchy ground glass opacity	Lymphoid hyperplasia of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue; germinal centers
Respiratory bronchiolitis	Almost exclusively in smokers; asymptomatic finding on biopsy performed for another reason	Ill-defined centrilobular nodules Patchy ground-glass opacities Air-trapping "Tree-in-bud" opacities	Mild bronchiolar inflammation, tan-pigmented macrophages within the lumens of first and second order respiratory bronchioles Tan-pigmented macrophages in the respiratory bronchioles Patchy submucosal and peribronchiolar infiltrate of lymphocytes and histiocytes
Airway-centered interstitial fibrosis	Chronic nonproductive cough; usually seen in smokers; PFTs restrictive or obstructive; percentage of lymphocytes on bronchoalveolar lavage is less than 40%	Peribronchovascular ground glass opacities, traction bronchiectasis, and thickening of bronchial walls	Centrilobular and bronchiolocentric inflammatory infiltrate with peribronchiolar fibrosis and an absence of granulomas
Diffuse panbronchiolitis	History of sinusitis (75%) and productive cough; generally limited to patients in Japan	Centrilobular nodules "Tree-in-bud" opacities Thickened and dilated bronchiolar walls (bronchiolectasis) Large cystic opacities are a late finding	Bronchiolar transmural infiltrate composed of lymphocytes, plasma cells, and distinctive lipid-laden "foamy" macrophages

HRCT: high resolution computed tomography; PFTs: pulmonary function tests.

Graphic 101928 Version 2.0

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