Hemodynamic tracings in a patient with mitral stenosis

The LV and PCW (left side) tracings show a large mitral valve gradient of approximately 20 mmHg (pressure scale is 0 to 50 mmHg). On the right panel, LV and directly measured LA pressures (via transseptal approach) show higher fidelity pressure wave forms and marked reduction in the mitral pressure gradient (6 mmHg). Note the "c" notch and "v" wave are distinct compared with the wave forms on the PCW.