Hemodynamic definitions of pre- and post-capillary pulmonary hypertension

Definition	Haemodynamic characteristics
PH	mPAP >20 mmHg
Pre-capillary PH	mPAP >20 mmHg PAWP ≤15 mmHg PVR >2 WU
IpcPH	mPAP >20 mmHg PAWP >15 mmHg PVR ≤2 WU
CpcPH	mPAP >20 mmHg PAWP >15 mmHg PVR >2 WU
Exercise PH	mPAP/CO slope between rest and exercise >3 mmHg/L/min

Some patients present with elevated mPAP (>20 mmHg) but low PVR (≤2 WU) and low PAWP (≤15 mmHg); this haemodynamic condition may be described by the term 'unclassified PH'.

PH: pulmonary hypertension; mPAP: mean pulmonary arterial pressure; PAWP: pulmonary arterial wedge pressure; PVR: pulmonary vascular resistance; IpcPH: isolated post-capillary pulmonary hypertension; CpcPH: combined post- and pre-capillary pulmonary hypertension; WU: Wood units; CO: cardiac output.

Reproduced with permission of the © European Society of Cardiology & European Respiratory Society 2023: European Respiratory Journal 61 (1) 2200879; DOI: 10.1183/13993003.00879-2022. Published 6 January 2023.

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Hemodynamic definitions of pre- and post-capillary pulmonary hypertension