Metrics for evaluation of stewardship program interventions to improve antibiotic use and clinical outcomes

Process measures	Outcome measures
Excess days of therapy (ie, unnecessary days of therapy avoided based on accepted targets and benchmarks)* Duration of therapy Proportion of patients compliant with facility-based guideline or treatment algorithm* Proportion of patients with revision of antibiotics based on microbiology data Proportion of patients converted to oral therapy	Hospital length of stay 30-day mortality Unplanned hospital readmission within 30 days Proportion of patients diagnosed with hospital-acquired Clostridioides difficile infection or other adverse event(s) related to antibiotic treatment* Proportion of patients with clinical failure (eg, need to broaden therapy, recurrence of infection)

* These metrics are applicable for antibiotic stewardship program interventions to reduce antibiotic treatment of asymptomatic bacteriuria, which, in most cases, should not be treated; therefore, the other metrics do not apply.

Reproduced from: Barlam TF, Cosgrove SE, Abbo LM, et al. Implementing an antibiotic stewardship program: Guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 62(10):e51-77. By permission of Oxford University Press on behalf of The Infectious Diseases Society of America. Copyright © 2016. www.idsa.org.

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Metrics for evaluation of stewardship program interventions to improve antibiotic use and clinical outcomes