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Vitamin E (systemic): Drug information

Vitamin E (systemic): Drug information
(For additional information see "Vitamin E (systemic): Patient drug information" and see "Vitamin E (systemic): Pediatric drug information")

For abbreviations, symbols, and age group definitions used in Lexicomp (show table)
Brand Names: US
  • Alph-E [OTC] [DSC];
  • Alph-E-Mixed 1000 [OTC] [DSC];
  • Alph-E-Mixed [OTC] [DSC];
  • Aqueous Vitamin E [OTC];
  • E-400-Clear [OTC];
  • Natural Vitamin E [OTC];
  • SoluVita E [OTC];
  • True Vitamin E [OTC]
Pharmacologic Category
  • Vitamin, Fat Soluble
Dosing: Adult
Vitamin E Units to mg Conversion Reference Guidea

Units

Synthetic form (dl-alpha tocopherol)

Natural form (d-alpha tocopherol)

a 1 unit of vitamin E is equivalent to 0.45 mg of the synthetic form (dl-alpha tocopherol) and 0.67 mg of the natural form (d-alpha tocopherol) (NIH 2021).

30 units

13.5 mg

20.1 mg

35 units

15.7 mg

23.4 mg

100 units

45 mg

67 mg

200 units

90 mg

134 mg

400 units

180 mg

268 mg

800 units

360 mg

536 mg

1,000 units

450 mg

670 mg

Dietary supplement

Dietary supplement:

Oral (capsule, tablet): Varies by product. Dosages range from 100 to 1,000 units/day (45 to 450 mg/day of dl-alpha tocopherol or 67 to 670 mg/day of d-alpha tocopherol).

Oral (aqueous drops): Varies by product. Dosages range from 30 to 35 units/day (13.5 mg to 15.7 mg/day of dl-alpha tocopherol).

Metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis

Metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis (off-label use):

Oral: 800 units (360 mg dl-alpha tocopherol or 536 mg of d-alpha tocopherol) once daily (AASLD [Chalasani 2018]; Sanyal 2010).

Dosing: Older Adult

Refer to adult dosing.

Dosing: Pediatric

(For additional information see "Vitamin E (systemic): Pediatric drug information")

Dosage Guidance:

Dosing: 1 mg of alpha tocopherol (vitamin E) is equivalent to 2.22 units of synthetic form (dl-alpha tocopherol) or 1.49 units of naturally sourced form (d-alpha tocopherol) (NIH 2021).

Vitamin E deficiency, prevention/treatment, chronic cholestasis/liver disease

Vitamin E deficiency, prevention/treatment, chronic cholestasis/liver disease:

Infants, Children, and Adolescents: Oral: Usual dose: 25 to 50 units/kg/day; monitor closely and adjust doses as needed to maintain target ratio of serum vitamin E to total serum lipid concentrations. Reported range: 10 to 50 units/kg/day. Doses up to 100 units/kg/day have been described in infants with biliary atresia (ASPEN [Corkins 2015]; Schneider 2012; Sokol 1987; Sokol 1993; Thébaut 2016). Note: Studies were performed with a water miscible preparation of natural vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol polyethylene glycol succinate [TPGS]).

Source-specific dosing (mg):

Natural form (d-alpha tocopherol): Oral: Usual dose: 16.8 to 33.6 mg/kg/day; reported range: 6.7 to 33.6 mg/kg/day; doses up to 67 mg/kg/day have been described.

Vitamin E dietary supplement

Vitamin E dietary supplement: Aqueous Vitamin E Oral Drops (dl-alpha tocopherol 15 mg/0.67 mL) (manufacturer's labeling):

Infants and Children <4 years: dl-alpha tocopherol: Oral: 6.73 mg (0.3 mL).

Children ≥4 years and Adolescents: dl-alpha tocopherol: Oral: 15.7 mg (0.7 mL).

Vitamin E supplementation, cystic fibrosis

Vitamin E supplementation, cystic fibrosis:

Infants: Oral: 40 to 50 units/day (CFF [Borowitz 2002]; Sankararaman 2022).

Source-specific dosing (mg):

Synthetic form (dl-alpha tocopherol): Oral: 18 to 22.5 mg/day.

Natural form (d-alpha tocopherol): Oral: 26.8 to 33.6 mg/day.

Children ≤3 years: Oral: 80 to 150 units/day (CFF [Borowitz 2002]; Sankararaman 2022).

Source-specific dosing (mg):

Synthetic form (dl-alpha tocopherol): Oral: 36 to 67.5 mg/day.

Natural form (d-alpha tocopherol): Oral: 53.7 to 100.7 mg/day.

Children 4 to ≤8 years: Oral: 100 to 200 units/day (CFF [Borowitz 2002]; Sankararaman 2022).

Source-specific dosing (mg):

Synthetic form (dl-alpha tocopherol): Oral: 45 to 90 mg/day.

Natural form (d-alpha tocopherol): Oral: 67 to 134 mg/day.

Children >8 years and Adolescents: Oral: 200 to 400 units/day (CFF [Borowitz 2002]; Sankararaman 2022).

Source-specific dosing (mg):

Synthetic form (dl-alpha tocopherol): Oral: 90 to 180 mg/day.

Natural form (d-alpha tocopherol): Oral: 134 to 268 mg/day.

Adverse Reactions

There are no adverse reactions listed in the manufacturer’s labeling.

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to vitamin E or any component of the formulation

Warnings/Precautions

Concerns related to adverse effects:

• Vitamin K deficiency: May induce vitamin K deficiency (Corkins 2010).

Special populations:

• Low birth weight infants: Necrotizing enterocolitis has been associated with oral administration of large dosages (eg, >200 mg of alpha-tocopherol/day) of a hyperosmolar vitamin E preparation in low birth weight infants.

Dosage form specific issues:

• Polysorbate 80: Some dosage forms may contain polysorbate 80 (also known as Tweens). Hypersensitivity reactions, usually a delayed reaction, have been reported following exposure to pharmaceutical products containing polysorbate 80 in certain individuals (Isaksson 2002; Lucente 2000; Shelley 1995). Thrombocytopenia, ascites, pulmonary deterioration, and renal and hepatic failure have been reported in premature neonates after receiving parenteral products containing polysorbate 80 (Alade 1986; CDC 1984). See manufacturer’s labeling.

Warnings: Additional Pediatric Considerations

Excessive intake of vitamin E may be associated with adverse effects, including hemorrhagic effects; use caution when total daily intake from all sources (any form of alpha-tocopherol) exceeds the recommended age-based daily upper limit: 1 to 3 years: 200 mg; 4 to 8 years: 300 mg; 9 to 13 years: 600 mg; 14 to 18 years: 800 mg; ≥19 years: 1,000 mg; monitor serum concentrations (IOM 2000).

Some dosage forms may contain propylene glycol; in neonates large amounts of propylene glycol delivered orally, intravenously (eg, >3,000 mg/day), or topically have been associated with potentially fatal toxicities which can include metabolic acidosis, seizures, renal failure, and CNS depression; toxicities have also been reported in children and adults including hyperosmolality, lactic acidosis, seizures, and respiratory depression; use caution (AAP 1997; Shehab 2009).

Dosage Forms: US

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling. [DSC] = Discontinued product

Capsule, Oral:

Alph-E: 400 units [DSC]

Alph-E-Mixed 1000: 1000 units [DSC]

Alph-E-Mixed: 200 units [DSC]

Alph-E-Mixed: 400 units [DSC] [corn free, milk free, sugar free, wheat free, yeast free]

True Vitamin E: 180 mg

Generic: 450 mg, 100 units, 400 units, 1000 units, 180 mg, 200 units

Capsule, Oral [preservative free]:

E-400-Clear: 400 units [dye free]

Generic: 450 mg, 100 units, 400 units [DSC], 180 mg

Solution, Oral:

Aqueous Vitamin E: 6.75 mg/0.3 mL (30 mL) [anise-butterscotch flavor]

SoluVita E: 6.75 mg/0.3 mL (30 mL) [dye free, gluten free, lactose free, sugar free; contains methylparaben, polysorbate 80, propylene glycol, saccharin sodium]

Generic: 15 units/0.3 mL (12 mL [DSC]); 6.75 mg/0.3 mL (30 mL)

Tablet, Oral:

Natural Vitamin E: 200 units, 400 units [animal products free, gelatin free, gluten free, kosher certified, lactose free, no artificial color(s), no artificial flavor(s), starch free, sugar free, yeast free]

Generic: 100 units, 200 units, 400 units

Generic Equivalent Available: US

Yes

Pricing: US

Capsules (Vitamin E Oral)

45 MG(100 UNIT) (per each): $0.03 - $0.04

90 MG(200 UNIT) (per each): $0.04 - $0.06

180 MG(400 UNIT) (per each): $0.07 - $0.29

450 MG(1000 UT) (per each): $0.10 - $0.18

Solution (SoluVita E Oral)

15.8 mg/0.7 mL (per mL): $1.17

Disclaimer: A representative AWP (Average Wholesale Price) price or price range is provided as reference price only. A range is provided when more than one manufacturer's AWP price is available and uses the low and high price reported by the manufacturers to determine the range. The pricing data should be used for benchmarking purposes only, and as such should not be used alone to set or adjudicate any prices for reimbursement or purchasing functions or considered to be an exact price for a single product and/or manufacturer. Medi-Span expressly disclaims all warranties of any kind or nature, whether express or implied, and assumes no liability with respect to accuracy of price or price range data published in its solutions. In no event shall Medi-Span be liable for special, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages arising from use of price or price range data. Pricing data is updated monthly.

Dosage Forms: Canada

Excipient information presented when available (limited, particularly for generics); consult specific product labeling. [DSC] = Discontinued product

Oil, Injection:

Generic: 100 units/mL ([DSC])

Administration: Adult

Swallow capsules whole; do not crush or chew.

Administration: Pediatric

Oral: May administer with or without food. Swallow capsules whole; do not crush or chew.

Use: Labeled Indications

Dietary supplement: Vitamin E dietary supplement.

Use: Off-Label: Adult

Metabolic dysfunction associated steatohepatitis

Medication Safety Issues
Sound-alike/look-alike issues:

Aquasol E may be confused with Anusol

Metabolism/Transport Effects

None known.

Drug Interactions

Note: Interacting drugs may not be individually listed below if they are part of a group interaction (eg, individual drugs within “CYP3A4 Inducers [Strong]” are NOT listed). For a complete list of drug interactions by individual drug name and detailed management recommendations, use the Lexicomp drug interactions program by clicking on the “Launch drug interactions program” link above.

Agents with Antiplatelet Properties (e.g., P2Y12 inhibitors, NSAIDs, SSRIs, etc.): Vitamin E (Systemic) may enhance the antiplatelet effect of Agents with Antiplatelet Properties. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Anticoagulants: Vitamin E (Systemic) may enhance the anticoagulant effect of Anticoagulants. Risk C: Monitor therapy

CycloSPORINE (Systemic): Vitamin E (Systemic) may increase the serum concentration of CycloSPORINE (Systemic). Vitamin E (Systemic) may decrease the serum concentration of CycloSPORINE (Systemic). Risk C: Monitor therapy

Ibrutinib: Vitamin E (Systemic) may enhance the antiplatelet effect of Ibrutinib. Risk C: Monitor therapy

Orlistat: May decrease the absorption of Vitamins (Fat Soluble). Management: Administer oral fat soluble vitamins at least 2 hours before or 2 hours after the administration of orlistat. Avoid concomitant administration due to the risk of impaired vitamin absorption. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Selumetinib: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Vitamin E (Systemic). Management: If selumetinib is combined with additional vitamin E supplements, ensure that the total daily intake of vitamin E (including the amount of vitamin E in selumetinib and the supplement) does not exceed the recommended or safe limits. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Tipranavir: May enhance the adverse/toxic effect of Vitamin E (Systemic). Management: Patients taking tipranavir oral solution are advised to avoid taking additional vitamin E, beyond the amounts contained in a multivitamin product. This interaction does not apply to tipranavir capsules. Risk D: Consider therapy modification

Pregnancy Considerations

Vitamin E crosses the placenta. Maternal serum concentrations of α tocopherol increase with lipid concentrations as pregnancy progresses; however, placental transfer remains constant. Additional supplementation is not needed in pregnant women without deficiency (IOM 2000).

Breastfeeding Considerations

Vitamin E is found in breast milk; concentrations decrease over time and are highest immediately postpartum. Breast milk concentrations may be affected by maternal intake; however, additional supplementation is not needed in nursing women (IOM 2000).

Dietary Considerations

Dietary Recommended intake (IOM 2000): Note: Adequate intake (AI) and recommended dietary allowance (RDA) represent alpha-tocopherol intake from dietary consumption.

1 to 6 months: AI: 4 mg/day.

7 to 12 months: AI: 5 mg/day.

1 to 3 years: RDA: 6 mg/day.

4 to 8 years: RDA: 7 mg/day.

9 to 13 years: RDA: 11 mg/day.

14 to 18 years: RDA: 15 mg/day.

>18 years: RDA: 15 mg/day.

Pregnant female:

14 to 18 years: RDA: 15 mg/day.

19 to 50 years: RDA: 15 mg/day.

Lactating female:

14 to 18 years: RDA: 19 mg/day.

19 to 50 years: RDA: 19 mg/day.

Monitoring Parameters

Plasma tocopherol concentrations

Reference Range

Adults: Therapeutic: 0.8 to 1.5 mg/dL (SI: 19 to 35 micromole/L), some method variation.

Mechanism of Action

Prevents oxidation of vitamin A and C; protects polyunsaturated fatty acids in membranes from attack by free radicals and protects red blood cells against hemolysis

Pharmacokinetics (Adult Data Unless Noted)

Absorption: Depends on presence of bile; reduced in conditions of malabsorption, in low birth weight premature infants, and as dosage increases; water miscible preparations are better absorbed than oil preparations

Distribution: To all body tissues, especially adipose tissue, where it is stored

Metabolism: Hepatic to glucuronides

Excretion: Feces

Brand Names: International
International Brand Names by Country
For country code abbreviations (show table)

  • (AE) United Arab Emirates: Bio e | E 400 | E zavit | Evion | Evit | Natural wealth vitamin e | Powermed E | Quest Vitamin E | Vigor | Vitamin e | Vitamin E Natural Wealth;
  • (AR) Argentina: Aceite de germen de trigo | E vitamin | Ephynal | Etec | Evion | Framintrol | Risordan | Senexon e 400 | Tanvimil e | Vitamina e | Vitamina e natural | Vitamina E natural antoxidante;
  • (AT) Austria: Apozema vitamin E | Avigilen vitamin e | Doppelherz Aktiv Vitamin E | Dr Boehm Vitamin E | Ephynal | Etocovit | Evit | Evitol | Optovit | Vitactiv e | Vitamin e | Vitamin e twardy;
  • (AU) Australia: Bio enhanced e | Bioglan natural e | Bioglan select max-e | Bioglan water soluble e | Blackmores vitamin e | Cenovis mega e | Cenovis natural e | Cenovis vitamin e | Chem Mart Vitamin E | Cm vitamin e | Cm vitapak vit e | Dal e | E | Ecopro natural vitamin e | Enervite Super Natural Vitamin E | Ethical Nutrients Natural Vitamin E | Gold cr vit e | Herron HL 126 vitamin E | Herron mega e | Herron vitamin e | Invite e | Macro e | Meta natural vit e | Metagenics vitamin e8 | N/w vitamin e | Natural Vitamin E | Natural vitamin e | Natures own natural e | Natures own vitamin E natural | Pluravit vit e | S.p vitamin e | U-viva vit e | Ultra e | Vegisorb nat vit e | Vg nat vita e | Vit e nat | Vit e water sol | Vitamin e;
  • (BD) Bangladesh: E | E gel | E-fill | Ecovit | Ecovit-s | Elife | Evinol | Evion | Formula-e | Gevian | Lifil e | Nature e | Placent-e | Vegecap e;
  • (BE) Belgium: Docviteee | Ephynal | Optovit e;
  • (BG) Bulgaria: Merivit vitamin e | Tocopharm | Tocopherol | Vitamin e;
  • (BR) Brazil: Bio e | E-mil | E-tabs | Emama | Ephynal | Fort e | Sidney oliveira vitamina e | Teutovit E | Vieta | Vita e | Vitamina e | Vitamina E delta | Zirvit e;
  • (CH) Switzerland: A.vogel vitamin e | Burgerstein vitamin e | Ecobiosan E | Ephynal natura | Evit | Vitamin e-100 | Vitamin e-400 | Vitamine E Vitalia;
  • (CL) Chile: Crevet e | Egogyn | Etec | Vitamina e;
  • (CN) China: Lai yi | Vitamin e | Vitamin e nicotics | Yang sheng tang pai tian ran wei sheng su E;
  • (CO) Colombia: Aquasol e | Biocar e | Biocare | Egogyn | Enat | Ephynal | Lavit-e | Vitaferol | Vitamin e | Vitamina e;
  • (CZ) Czech Republic: Evit | Vitamin e;
  • (DE) Germany: Abtei vitamin e | Additiva vitamin e | Altapharma Vitamin E | Antioxidans e | Biogenis one a day | Biopto e | Biosan e | Detulin | Doppelherz Aktiv Vitamin E | E 200 | E 400 | E tonil | E Vitamin E | E-vicotrat | E-vitamin | Elus | Energeticum Vitamin E | Ephynal | Eplonat | Equiday e | Eunova vitamin e | Eusovit | Evit | Exolipid | Flexal vitamin e | Gesundform vitamin e | Granoton | Klosterfrau Vitamin E | Malton e | Media vitamin e | Mowivit | Naturafit Vitamin E 37o naturlich | Niumvitam E | Nobilin Vitamin E | Nobilin Vitamin E Natur | Nutri e forte | Optissimum | Optovit | Optovit select | Puncto e | Pure Encapsulations Vitam E | Sanavitan s | Solaguttae vitamin e | Taxofit vitamin e | Tetesept vitamin e | Tocorell | Tocovital | Togasan vitamin e | Togasan Vitamin E | Uno vit | Vibolex e | Vit. E | Vita vitamin e | Vitagutt | Vitagutt vitamin e | Vitahem e | Vitamin e | Vitamin E AL | Vitamin e bioaktiv komplex | Vitamin E Komplex | Vitamin E Nat | Vitamin e natur;
  • (DO) Dominican Republic: Etec | Evit | Juvela | Magnavit E | Natura E | Vitamina e | Vitamina e mason;
  • (EC) Ecuador: Egogyn | Eplonat | Etec | Perlavit E | Tocovit e | Vitamina e;
  • (EE) Estonia: Bio e plus | Biovital vit e | Doppelherz Aktiv Vitamin E | Doppelherz vit e | Livol strong e-vit | Nisuoli | Reformi e | Tocopharm | Topfit vitam e | Vita e | Vita es | Vitamin e | Vitamin e blm | Vitamin e hl;
  • (EG) Egypt: E viton | Vit e natural | Vitamin e;
  • (ES) Spain: Auxina e;
  • (ET) Ethiopia: Enat;
  • (FI) Finland: Bio e vitamin | Equiday e | Esol | Evitol | Ido-e | Tokovitan | Vita e | Vita es | Vitamin e;
  • (FR) France: Arkovital e | Dermorelle | Toco | Tocofilan | Tocopa | Tocopherol teva | Vitamine E G Gam | Vitamine e gnr;
  • (GB) United Kingdom: Ephynal | Valupak Vitamin E | Vita e | Vitamin e;
  • (GR) Greece: Eviol;
  • (HK) Hong Kong: Actionvit acti e | Blackmores bio e | Enatrol | Health way vitamin e | Hudson vitamin E | Kwang Myung Vitamin e | Macro e | Natopherol | Natural Vitamin E | Nutribes vitamin e | Panvita Vitamin E | Par e | Squibb Vitamin E | Sunvita Evans | Tocovit | Topher-E | Vitalife vitamin e | Vitamin e | Vitamin E | Vitamin e natural;
  • (HU) Hungary: Biovital e | Vitamin e | Vitamin e bioextra;
  • (ID) Indonesia: Bio e | Dalfarol | Edoti | Elico | Enat | Evimec | Evion | Evipon | Evirol | Fita e | Lanturol | Natopherol | Natur e | Naturol | Orginal e | Proxidan | Santa-e | Vinpo e | Vitako | Vitamin e | Vykmin;
  • (IE) Ireland: Ephynal | Lifeplan vitamin e | Seven Seas Vitamin E | Solgar Dry Vitamin E | Sona vitamin e | Vita e;
  • (IL) Israel: E vigel | Evitex | Evitol | Natural e | Vitamin e;
  • (IN) India: Bio e | Covita | Cute-e | E | E tamin | E-vin | Eee | Ensules | Ephynal | Evinal | Evion | Evit | Evita | Evitam | Evitol | Evitop | Manovit-en | Ne | Ranvit-e | Tocofer | Vit e | Vitamin e;
  • (IT) Italy: Armilla | E vitum | Ephynal | Filme opht r | Natovit | Rigentex | Sursum | Vitamina e;
  • (JO) Jordan: E | Evit | Mepavit E | Natur e | Vigor | Vitamin e;
  • (JP) Japan: Amalux e | Eseblon fuso | Eseblon seiko | Eseblon taisho | Gronviter e | Juvelux | Majenta e | Majenta e300 | Majiron e | Majiron e choseido | Motel e | Naturalvitamin e k | Tauromate e | Tocorol e | Tocorol e gold | Vectan | Vitalux e | Vitamilon e | Vitamin e iwaki | Vitamin e meiji | Vitamin e rexall | Vitamin e takeda | Yurica;
  • (KE) Kenya: E gel | Enat | Evion | Evit;
  • (KR) Korea, Republic of: Avirusa | Cetoma | Cettu | Dr Pathocoperol | Grandpherol | Hanobac | Helpa | Highpherol | Huons vitamin e | Jancrol | Jubarol | Livingpherol | M.g.t | Oropherol | Ottrol | Rio-e | Robur | Superol | Thiolosa | Tobeluxe | Toconet | Tocopal | Tocopherol | Tophenyl | Torolchun | Toryzal gold | Tuprol | Vitamin e | Zagrol | Zenoa;
  • (KW) Kuwait: Jamieson E | Kal E | Vitamin e;
  • (LB) Lebanon: Altocaps | Evitam | Fortecel | Natural vitamin e | Natural wealth vitamin e | Nature made E vitamin | Optovit | Vitamin e;
  • (LT) Lithuania: Bio e plus | Biovit e | Biovital e | Etovit | Eviol | Harmony line vit e | Highway vit.e | Livol e | Tocofer | Tocopherol acetate | Vita e | Vita es | Vitamin e | Vitamin e formula | Yl vitamin e;
  • (LU) Luxembourg: Detulin | E-vitamin | Ephynal | Klosterfrau Vitamin E;
  • (LV) Latvia: Abc vit vitamin e | Bio e plus | Biovit e | Dr. Smiths vitamin e | Eviol | Evitol | Highway vitamin e | Livol vitamin e | Sunlife vit e | Tocopharm | Tocopherol acetate | Vitamin e | Vp vitamin e;
  • (MA) Morocco: Ephynal;
  • (MX) Mexico: Bacferol | Efertoc | Ekanin | Ephynal | Revitare | Tegrae | Vitamina e eterna | Vitamina e gelcaps | Vitamina e grin;
  • (MY) Malaysia: Appeton essentials natural vitamin E | Cosmos healthcare vitamin E | E 8 complete natural vitamine e | E Vita | Juvela | Nato | Natopherol | Natopherol bio-enhanced | Natur e | Natura E | Natural vitamin e | Natural Vitamin E | Prime E | Squibb Vitamin E | Surbex natopherol vitamin e | Vitamin e;
  • (NG) Nigeria: Healthy hours vitamin e | Viboost;
  • (NL) Netherlands: Davitamon e | Vitamine E;
  • (NO) Norway: Bio e vitamin | E-vimin | Ido-e | Nycoplus e-forte | Nycoplus E-vitamin;
  • (NZ) New Zealand: Amcal vitamin e | Bio e | Clinicians Vitamin E | Macro e | Solgar vitamin e | Vitamin e;
  • (PE) Peru: Egogyn | Ephynal | GNC Vitamin e | Sundown naturals vitamin e | Sunvit vitamina E | Vitamina e | Vitesol e;
  • (PH) Philippines: Bloom e | E care | Elaia | Enervon e | Evirose | Integra e | Kordel's Natural vitamin e | Lexivit E | Myra 300-e | Myra e | Nature e | Novarol | Rev-e | Squibb vitamin e | Vita e | Vitamin e | Zyme e;
  • (PK) Pakistan: Bio e | E soft | Evion | Evit | Tokosvit | Vitamin e | Zescap;
  • (PL) Poland: Dolovit vit e | Fort e vite | Vitamin e | Vitaminum e | Vitaminum e omega pharma | Witamina e;
  • (PR) Puerto Rico: Aquasol e | E | Vitamin E | Vitamina e;
  • (PT) Portugal: Ve;
  • (PY) Paraguay: Egogyn | Etec 1000 | Tanvimil e | Vitagutt | Vitamina e bergamo | Vitamina e dutriec | Vitamina e promepar;
  • (QA) Qatar: E-Viton | Sentinel Vitamin E;
  • (RO) Romania: Vitamina e;
  • (RU) Russian Federation: Alfa-tocopherol acetate | Biovital e | Doppelherz e forte | Evion | Lifevit | Sant e gal | Tocofer | Tocopherol acetate | Vitamin e | Vitrum vitamin e;
  • (SA) Saudi Arabia: E viton | Evion | Evit | Natural e | Univit E | Vital e | Vitamin e;
  • (SG) Singapore: Bio e | Blackmores natural e | E Vita | Enat | Natopherol | Natural e | Natural Vitamin E | Vitamin e;
  • (SI) Slovenia: Vitamin e;
  • (SK) Slovakia: Evit | Vitamin e;
  • (TH) Thailand: Bio e | E | Evit | Gnc natural e | GNC Vitamin e | Lynae vitamin e | Natural Vitamin E | Patar E | Philvita e | Seven Seas Vitamin E | Vita e | Vitamin e | Vitamin e natural | Vitamin e pfizer;
  • (TN) Tunisia: Vitamine E;
  • (TR) Turkey: Ephynal | Evicap | Evigen vitamin e | Evinolle | Grandpherol | Natural e | Newita vitamin e | Solgar Vitamin E | Vitamin e;
  • (TW) Taiwan: An Wa | Biorol | Cenin E | Daily nutrient | E | Emerol | Epsol-s | Evit | Fairy | Frecon | Juvela | Juvelux | Linox e Hi | Maxilife | Meratan | Meratin | Natural Vitamin E | Nature vitamin e | Novopherol | Organic vitamin e | Vitamin e;
  • (UA) Ukraine: Tocopharm | Tocopherol acetate | Vitamin e;
  • (UG) Uganda: Enat;
  • (UY) Uruguay: Ephynal | Evit | Risordan | Senexon E | Vitamina e;
  • (VE) Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of: Best | Efam | Egogyn | Ephynal | Epol | Nat e | Vit e nat | Vit-E-Var | Vitae | Vitamin e | Vitamina e | Vitenat | Viteral;
  • (ZA) South Africa: Bettaway mega e | Vitaforce vitamin e | Vitamin e;
  • (ZM) Zambia: Dr. smith's vitamin e | Efishal | Evion | Hovid vitamin e | Tocofer | Vitamin e
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  9. Centers for Disease Control (CDC). Unusual syndrome with fatalities among premature infants: association with a new intravenous vitamin E product. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1984;33(14):198-199. http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000319.htm [PubMed 6423951]
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  30. Vitamin E 15 mg aqueous oral drops [prescribing information]. Philadelphia, PA: Lannett Company Inc; April 2022.
  31. Vitamin E 15 mg aqueous oral drops [prescribing information]. West Chester, PA: Brandywine Pharmaceuticals; November 2022.
  32. Vitamin E 180 mg (400 IU) [prescribing information]. West Caldwell, NJ: Windmill Health Products; April 2021.
  33. Vitamin E 45 mg (100 IU) [prescribing information]. Livonia, MI: Rugby; March 2020.
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