Case definition of Lassa fever (World Health Organization definition)

Known exposure to a person suspected to have Lassa fever
Fever >38°C for less than three weeks AND Absence of signs of local inflammation AND Absence of a clinical response after 48 hours of antimalarial treatment and/or a broad-spectrum antibiotic AND Two major signs or one major and two minor signs described below
Major signs	Minor signs
Bleeding Swollen neck or face Conjunctival infection or subconjunctival hemorrhage Spontaneous abortion Maculopapular or petechial rash New onset of tinnitus or altered hearing (appears as acute disease resolves) Persistent hypotension Absense of clinical response after 48 hours to antimalarial and/or broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy Elevated liver transaminases, especially with AST >ALT Exposure to a person confirmed or suspected to have Lassa fever Direct exposure to rodents (including touching live animal or uncooked flesh and exposure to urine or feces)	Headache Sore throat Vomiting Diffuse abdominal pain/tenderness Chest or retrosternal pain Cough Diarrhea Generalized myalgia or arthralgia Profuse weakness Proteinuria Leukopenia <4000/mcL

AST: aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: alanine aminotransferase.

Reprinted from: Clinical Management of Patients with Viral Haemorrhagic Fever: A Pocket Guide for the front-line health workers. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/205570 (Accessed on November 14, 2021). Copyright © 2016 World Health Organization.

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Case definition of Lassa fever (World Health Organization definition)