CT: computed tomography; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; MRI: magnetic resonance imaging; NSAIDs: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs.
* Conservative therapy may involve pharmacotherapy with NSAIDs or glucocorticoids, short-term neck immobilization, or physical therapy. Refer to UpToDate content for additional treatment details.
¶ Neurodiagnostic testing typically includes nerve conduction studies and electromyography. Testing is typically performed when symptoms have been present for ≥3 weeks to minimize the risk of false negative results.