ACE: angiotensin-converting enzyme; CKD: chronic kidney disease; ECG: electrocardiogram; ESKD: end-stage kidney disease; IV: intravenous; NSAIDs: nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs; RAS: renin-angiotensin system.
* Cardiac manifestations of hyperkalemia are discussed in detail in the topic on clinical manifestations of hyperkalemia.
¶ Some experts given IV calcium only to patients with ECG changes. Details are presented in the topic on treatment of hyperkalemia.آیا می خواهید مدیلیب را به صفحه اصلی خود اضافه کنید؟