Introduction —
This topic includes links to society and government-sponsored guidelines from selected countries and regions around the world. We will update these links periodically; newer versions of some guidelines may be available on each society's website. Some societies may require users to log in to access their guidelines.
The recommendations in the following guidelines may vary from those that appear in UpToDate topic reviews. Readers who are looking for UpToDate topic reviews should use the UpToDate search box to find the relevant content.
Links to related guidelines are provided separately. (See "Society guideline links: Acute diarrhea in adults" and "Society guideline links: Acute diarrhea in children".)
International
●Guideline for the management of Clostridioides difficile infection in pediatric patients with cancer and hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients, update (2024)
●International Society for Infectious Diseases (ISID): A position paper on prevention of Clostridioides difficile in hospitals (2021)
●World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES)-American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST): Guidelines for management of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection in surgical patients – An executive summary (2021)
Canada
●Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS): Position statement on Clostridium difficile in paediatric populations (2014, reaffirmed 2023)
●Choosing Wisely Canada: Don't routinely collect or process specimens for Clostridium difficile testing in infants less than one year of age with diarrhea (2022)
●North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) and European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN): A joint position paper on fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection and other conditions in children (2019)
●Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada (AMMI Canada): Treatment practice guidelines for Clostridium difficile infection (2018)
●Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC): Clostridium difficile infection – Infection prevention and control guidance for management in acute care settings (2013)
●PHAC: Clostridium difficile infection – Infection prevention and control guidance for management in long-term care facilities (2013)
United States
●Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): C. diff (Clostridioides difficile) – Resources for professionals
•Clinical guidance for C. diff prevention in acute care facilities
•Clinical testing and diagnosis for CDI
●American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP): Red Book – Clostridioides difficile (formerly Clostridium difficile) (2024)
●AAP: Clinical report on fecal microbiota transplantation – Information for the pediatrician (2023)
●Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA)/Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)/Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC): Strategies to prevent Clostridioides difficile infections in acute-care hospitals, 2022 update (published 2023)
●American Society for Transplantation and Cellular Therapy (ASTCT): Guideline for management of Clostridioides difficile infection in hematopoietic cell transplant recipients (2022)
●Surgical Infection Society (SIS): Guidelines for total abdominal colectomy versus diverting loop ileostomy with antegrade intra-colonic lavage for the surgical management of severe or fulminant, non-perforated Clostridioides difficile colitis (2022)
●American College of Gastroenterology (ACG): Clinical guidelines for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of Clostridioides difficile infections (2021)
●American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons (ASCRS): Clinical practice guidelines for the management of Clostridioides difficile infection (2021)
●IDSA and SHEA: Guidelines on management of Clostridioides difficile infection in adults, focused update (2021)
●World Society of Emergency Surgery (WSES)-American Association for the Surgery of Trauma (AAST): Guidelines for management of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection in surgical patients – An executive summary (2021)
●American Society of Transplantation (AST): Guidelines for management of Clostridioides (formerly Clostridium) difficile infection (CDI) in solid organ transplant recipients (2019)
●North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) and European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN): A joint position paper on fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection and other conditions in children (2019)
●SHEA: White paper on practical approaches to Clostridioides difficile prevention (2018)
Europe
●European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID): Treatment guidance document for Clostridioides difficile infection in adults, update (2021)
●North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) and European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (ESPGHAN): A joint position paper on fecal microbiota transplantation for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection and other conditions in children (2019)
●ESCMID: Guidance document for prevention of Clostridium difficile infection in acute healthcare settings (2018)
●ESCMID: The diagnostic guidance document for Clostridium difficile infection, update (2016)
United Kingdom
●British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG) and Healthcare Infection Society (HIS): Joint guidelines on the use of faecal microbiota transplant as treatment for recurrent or refractory Clostridioides difficile infection and other potential indications, second edition (2024)
●National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE): Medical technologies guidance on faecal microbiota transplant for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection (2022)
●NICE: Guideline on Clostridioides difficile infection – Antimicrobial prescribing (2021)
●Public Health England (PHE) and Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC): Guidance on Clostridioides difficile infection – How to deal with the problem (2008, updated 2019)
●NICE: Interventional procedures guidance on faecal microbiota transplant for recurrent Clostridium difficile infection (2014)
●DHSC: Guidance on Clostridioides difficile – Updated guidance on diagnosis and reporting (2012)
Australia–New Zealand
●Australasian Society of Infectious Diseases (ASID): Updated guidelines for the management of Clostridioides difficile infection in adults and children in Australia and New Zealand (2025)
●ASID/Australasian College of Infection Prevention and Control (ACIPC): Position statement on infection control for patients with Clostridium difficile infection in healthcare facilities, update (2018)
Japan
●[In Japanese] Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC) and Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases (JAID): Clinical practice guidelines on Clostridioides difficile infection, 2022 (published 2023)
●[In English] JSC and JAID: Japanese clinical practice guidelines for management of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile infection (2022)
