TEE assessment of LV diastolic dysfunction using pulsed wave tissue Doppler of the mitral annulus (center panels) and pulsed wave Doppler of the mitral inflow (right panels)

Accurate identification of each Doppler spectral peak requires an accompanying electrocardiographic tracing. Conditions such as atrial fibrillation, mitral annular calcification, mitral valve surgery, or extracorporeal circulatory support generally preclude using these Doppler techniques.

A: late mitral inflow velocity resulting from atrial contraction; E: early mitral inflow velocity; e′: early mitral annular velocity recorded from the lateral mitral annulus.

From: Maxwell C, Konoske R, Mark J. Emerging concepts in transesophageal echocardiography. F1000Research 2016; 5:340. DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.7169.1. Reproduced under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.

Graphic 110948 Version 2.0

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TEE assessment of LV diastolic dysfunction using pulsed wave tissue Doppler of the mitral annulus (center panels) and pulsed wave Doppler of the mitral inflow (right panels)