The milk maturity effect: Comparison of colostrum versus mature milk

	Energy (measured) kcal/100 mL		Protein (true protein) g/100 mL		Fat g/100 mL		Lactose kcal/100 mL		Calcium mg/100 mL		Phosphate mg/100 mL
	Preterm	Term	Preterm	Term	Preterm	Term	Preterm	Term	Preterm	Term	Preterm	Term
Colostrum	49	54	2.7	2.0	2.2	1.8	5.1	5.6	25	26	9.5	11
Mature milk	73	63	1.1	1.0	3.3	3.4	6.2	6.5	29	26	12.8	16
Difference	49%	16%	–61%	–52%	50%	93%	21%	16%	13%	–2%	35%	41%
p-value	<0.00001*	<0.00001*	<0.00001*	<0.00001*	<0.00001*	<0.00001*	<0.00001*	<0.00001*	0.003	0.62	0.002	0.001

Colostrum was milk collected in the first 3 days after birth, mature milk was collected between 5 to 12 weeks. The difference values less than 100% reflect lower values for mature milk; differences greater than 100% reflect higher values for colostrum compared with mature milk.

* Met our approximate Bonferroni adjusted p-value criteria for statistical significance was <0.001.

Reproduced from: Gidrewicz DA, Fenton TR. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the nutrient content of preterm and term breast milk. BMC Pediatrics 2014; 14:216. Copyright © 2014 BioMed Central Ltd.

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The milk maturity effect: Comparison of colostrum versus mature milk