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خرید پکیج
تعداد آیتم قابل مشاهده باقیمانده : 3 مورد
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Pain assessment tools for older adults with advanced dementia

Pain assessment tools for older adults with advanced dementia
Tool Type of assessment Timeframe for completion
Checklist of Nonverbal Pain Indicators (CNPI)[1] Six categories of behavioral items
  1. Vocal complaints: nonverbal
  2. Facial grimaces
  3. Bracing
  4. Restlessness
  5. Rubbing
  6. Vocal complaints: verbal
Approximately five minutes
Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate (PACSLAC)[2] 60 items (divided between four areas)
  1. Facial expression
  2. Activity/body movement
  3. Social/personality/mood
  4. Other (psychological changes/eating/sleep/vocal behaviors)
Approximately five minutes with minimal training
Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD)[3] Five categories of behavioral items
  1. Breathing
  2. Negative vocalization
  3. Facial expression
  4. Body language
  5. Consolability
Approximately five minutes
Mobilization-Observation-Behaviour-Intensity-Dementia-2 Pain Scale (MOBID-2)[4,5]

Part 1: Five items – Guided movements of body parts performed during morning care, rated on pain intensity based on observed behaviors

Part 2: Five items – Pain intensity currently or in past week (based on observed pain behaviors) rated for internal organs, head, and skin

  Approximately five minutes
Pain Assessment for the Dementing Elderly scale (PADE)[6] 24 items (divided between three areas)
  1. Physical
  2. Global assessment
  3. Functional
5 to 10 minutes
Non-communicative Patients' Pain Assessment Instrument (NOPPAIN)[7] Activity chart checklist
  1. Situations of daily care
  2. Pain behaviors observed
  3. Location of pain seen
  4. Pain intensity
Five minutes of daily care activities completed prior to observation. Checklist completion less than five minutes.
References:
  1. Feldt KS. The checklist of nonverbal pain indicators (CNPI). Pain Manag Nurs 2000; 1:13.
  2. Fuchs-Lacelle S, Hadjistavropoulos T. Development and preliminary validation of the pain assessment checklist for seniors with limited ability to communicate (PACSLAC). Pain Manag Nurs 2004; 5:37.
  3. Warden V, Hurley AC, Volicer L. Development and psychometric evaluation of the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scale. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2003; 4:9.
  4. Husebo BS, Strand LI, Moe-Nilssen R, et al. Pain in older persons with severe dementia. Psychometric properties of the Mobilization-Observation-Behaviour-Intensity-Dementia (MOBID-2) Pain Scale in a clinical setting. Scand J Caring Sci 2010; 24:380.
  5. Husebo BS, Ostelo R, Strand LI. The MOBID-2 pain scale: Reliability and responsiveness to pain in patients with dementia.  Eur J Pain 2014; 18:1419.
  6. Villanueva MR, Smith TL, Erickson JS, et al. Pain Assessment for the Dementing Elderly (PADE): reliability and validity of a new measure. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2003; 4:1.
  7. Snow AL, Weber JB, O'Malley KJ, et al. NOPPAIN: a nursing assistant-administered pain assessment instrument for use in dementia. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord 2004; 17:240.
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