Postoperative management of patients with a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator*

CIED: cardiac implantable electronic device; EMI: electromagnetic interference; PACU: post-anesthesia care unit; ICD: implantable cardioverter-defibrillator; ECG: electrocardiography.

* Refer to UpToDate topics addressing perioperative management of patients with a pacemaker or implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.

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