Society guideline links: Increased intracranial pressure and moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury
Introduction — This topic includes links to society and government-sponsored guidelines from selected countries and regions around the world. We will update these links periodically; newer versions of some guidelines may be available on each society's website. Some societies may require users to log in to access their guidelines.
The recommendations in the following guidelines may vary from those that appear in UpToDate topic reviews. Readers who are looking for UpToDate topic reviews should use the UpToDate search box to find the relevant content.
Links to related guidelines are provided separately. (See "Society guideline links: Cervical spine injury" and "Society guideline links: Minor head trauma and concussion".)
Canada
●Choosing Wisely Canada: Don't use benzodiazepines for the treatment of agitation in the acute phase of traumatic brain injury after initial stabilization (2021)
●Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS): Position statement for the management of the paediatric patient with acute head trauma (2013, reaffirmed 2018)
United States
●American Academy of Neurology (AAN): Practice parameter on antiepileptic drug prophylaxis in severe traumatic brain injury (2003, reaffirmed 2021)
●American College of Radiology (ACR): ACR Appropriateness Criteria on head trauma, update (2021)
●Brain Trauma Foundation (BTF): Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury – Update of the decompressive craniectomy recommendations (2020)
•BTF: Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury, 4th edition (2016)
●Western Trauma Association (WTA): Critical decisions in trauma – Management of intracranial hypertension in patients with severe traumatic brain injuries (2020)
●ACR: ACR Appropriateness Criteria on head trauma – Child (revised 2019)
●BTF: Guidelines for the management of pediatric severe traumatic brain injury, 3rd edition (2019)
●Management of pediatric severe traumatic brain injury: Consensus and guidelines-based algorithm for first and second tier therapies (2019)
●Eastern Association for the Surgery of Trauma (EAST): Beta-blockers and traumatic brain injury – A systematic review, meta-analysis, and guideline (2017)
●Neurocritical Care Society (NCS): Position statement on recommendations for the critical care management of devastating brain injury – Prognostication, psychosocial, and ethical management (2015)
United Kingdom
●National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE): Guideline on head injury – Assessment and early management (2023)
●NICE: Quality standard on head injury (2014, updated 2023)
●Association of Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (AAGBI) and Neuro Anaesthesia and Critical Care Society (NACCS): Guidelines for safe transfer of the brain-injured patient – Trauma and stroke, 2019 (published 2020)
●Faculty of Intensive Care Medicine (FICM) and Intensive Care Society (ICS): Management of perceived devastating brain injury after hospital admission – A consensus statement from stakeholder professional organizations (2018)
●FICM, ICS, Royal College of Emergency Medicine (RCEM), Society of British Neurological Surgeons (SBNS), NACCS, and Welsh Intensive Care Society (WICS): A consensus statement for management of perceived devastating brain injury after hospital admission (2018)
●Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN): A national clinical guideline on brain injury rehabilitation in adults (2013)
Australia–New Zealand
●Paediatric Research in Emergency Departments International Collaborative (PREDICT): Australian and New Zealand guidelines for mild to moderate head injuries in children (2021)
●Choosing Wisely Australia: Do not use Mini Mental State Examination as the only tool to assess cognitive deficit in acquired brain injury (2018)
●Murdoch Children's Research Institute (MCRI): Evidence- and consensus-based guidelines for the management of communication and swallowing disorders following paediatric traumatic brain injury (2018)
