Skin substitute classification as described by Kumar^[1]

Class	Description	Subcategory	Subdivision	Product example
I	Skin substitutes with mechanical traits of the epidermis; lack keratinocytes	Single-layered materials	Naturally occurring membrane or cover as biological dressing substitute	Biomembrane Biocompatible vegetal membranes derived from the Hevea brasiliensis rubber tree
		Single-layered materials	Single-layer synthetic skin dressing material substitute	Tegaderm, Opsite, Dermafilm, Nexfill, Gelapin
		Bi-layered tissue-engineered materials	–	TransCyte
II	Epidermal or dermal skin substitutes	Epidermal substitutes – similar to human epidermis; prone to breakdown; poor healing outcomes	–	Epicel, EpiDex, Laserskin, MySkin, BioSeed, CellSpray, cultured epithelial allograft (CEA)
II	Epidermal or dermal skin substitutes	Dermal substitutes – composition that includes proteins found in the dermal matrix	–	Kollagen, Permacol, Matriderm, Alloderm
III	Materials that replace both the dermal and epidermal layer	Skin graft	–	Allograft from cadaver, Xenograft from porcine origin
III	Materials that replace both the dermal and epidermal layer	Tissue-engineered skin	–	Apligraf, Integra, Biobrane

Reference:

Kumar P. Classification of skin substitutes. Burns 2008; 34:148.

Modified with permission from: Davison-Kotler E, Sharma V, Kang NV, García-Gareta E. A New and Universal Classification System of Skin Substitutes Inspired by Factorial Design. Tissue Eng Part B Rev 2018. Copyright © 2018 Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. publishers.

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Skin substitute classification as described by Kumar[1]

Skin substitute classification as described by Kumar^[1]