IM: intramuscular; IV: intravenous; PID: pelvic inflammatory disease.
* Alternative regimens include clindamycin plus gentamicin, ampicillin-sulbactam plus doxycycline, and if Neisseria gonorrhoeae has been ruled out, azithromycin plus metronidazole. Because of various drawbacks, we reserve these for patients who cannot take preferred regimens.
¶ We prefer ceftriaxone because it has the best and most established activity against N. gonorrhoeae. Other appropriate long-acting intramuscular cephalosporins include cefoxitin (with probenecid), cefotaxime, and ceftizoxime.
Δ Doxycycline and metronidazole can also be given intravenously at the same doses for those who cannot take oral medications.