In most portions of the gastrointestinal tract, the bowel wall is comprised of four layers: the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis propria, and serosa. The submucosa is the "strength" layer of the anastomosis and must be included in every suture pass.
Modified from: Barrett KE, Raybould HE. Functional anatomy and general principles of regulation in the gastrointestinal tract. In: Berne & Levy Physiology, 6th ed, Koeppen BM, Stanton BA (Eds), Elsevier, Philadelphia 2010.
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