Aortic valve calcification

Three (A-C) transverse oblique images of the aortic root and valve in patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis, highlighting the extensive leaflet calcification common in AS, as well as the appropriate methodology for measuring the aorta at the level of the sinus of valsalva (solid yellow lines). Images A and C are of a tricuspid aortic valve; image B displays bicuspid morphology with an absent commissure at the end of the solid yellow line (1) suggesting a type 1A bicuspid valve with fusion of the right and left cusps.