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Smallpox vaccine (live, replication-competent) (United States: Availability limited to health department/Strategic National Stockpile distribution): Patient drug information

Smallpox vaccine (live, replication-competent) (United States: Availability limited to health department/Strategic National Stockpile distribution): Patient drug information

(For additional information see "Smallpox vaccine (live, replication-competent) (United States: Availability limited to health department/Strategic National Stockpile distribution): Drug information" and see "Smallpox vaccine (live, replication-competent) (United States: Availability limited to health department/Strategic National Stockpile distribution): Pediatric drug information")

You must carefully read the "Consumer Information Use and Disclaimer" below in order to understand and correctly use this information.

Brand Names: US
  • ACAM2000
Warning
  • Very bad heart problems like swelling of the heart tissue have happened with this vaccine. This can lead to a heartbeat that does not feel normal and sometimes death. Some health problems can raise the chance of these effects. Tell the doctor about all current or past health problems. Call the doctor right away if chest pain or pressure, fast heartbeat, a heartbeat that does not feel normal, or breathing problems happen.
  • Very bad health problems have happened with this drug. These include swelling of the brain or spinal cord, eye problems, allergic reactions, very bad skin problems, and vaccine site infections. These health problems can lead to disability or problems that may not go away, like blindness. Sometimes, they can lead to death. The chance is raised in infants younger than 12 months. Some health problems can raise the chance of these effects. Tell your doctor if you have a weak immune system or if you take drugs to weaken your immune system. Tell your doctor if you have ever had heart disease or skin problems like eczema. Tell your doctor if you have eye disease and use steroid eye drops or ointment.
  • Use of this drug during pregnancy has caused smallpox infection and death in the unborn baby. If you are pregnant, talk with your doctor. You will need to talk about the benefits and risks of using this vaccine while you are pregnant.
  • This vaccine is a live virus. It can spread to other parts of the body. It can also spread to other people until the vaccine scab falls off (2 to 4 weeks after getting the vaccine). If the virus is spread to another person, it can cause very bad and life-threatening side effects. Talk with the doctor.
What is this drug used for?
  • It is used to prevent smallpox infection.
What do I need to tell my doctor BEFORE I take this drug?
  • If you are allergic to this drug; any part of this drug; or any other drugs, foods, or substances. Tell your doctor about the allergy and what signs you had.
  • If you have a weak immune system.
  • This is not a list of all drugs or health problems that interact with this drug.
  • Tell your doctor and pharmacist about all of your drugs (prescription or OTC, natural products, vitamins) and health problems. You must check to make sure that it is safe for you to take this drug with all of your drugs and health problems. Do not start, stop, or change the dose of any drug without checking with your doctor.
What are some things I need to know or do while I take this drug?
  • Tell all of your health care providers that you take this drug. This includes your doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and dentists.
  • Like all vaccines, this vaccine may not fully protect all people who get it. If you have questions, talk with the doctor.
  • This drug may affect certain lab tests. Tell all of your health care providers and lab workers that you take this drug.
  • This drug has a live virus in it. The virus can spread to other people and cause severe side effects. The chance may be raised if you have close contacts with skin problems, impetigo, chickenpox, shingles, heart problems, or immune system problems. The chance may also be raised if you are in close contact with a baby, or someone who is pregnant or breast-feeding. If you have questions, talk with your doctor.
  • You must take care of the vaccine site to prevent spread of the virus. Very bad effects and death have happened in other people who have come into contact with the vaccine site. Wear certain types of bandages to cover the whole vaccine site. If you are not sure which type of bandage to use, talk with your doctor. Wear sleeves to cover the site.
  • Wear gloves when you change bandages. Throw away the gloves and used bandages in sealed or double plastic bags. You may add some bleach to the bag to kill the virus.
  • Wash your hands well after changing the bandage. Wash your hands well after any other contact with the vaccine site.
  • Do not donate blood or an organ for at least 30 days after getting this vaccine.
  • Do not put creams or ointments on the vaccine site. Do not scratch or pick at the vaccine site.
  • Tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding. You will need to talk about any risks to your baby.
What are some side effects that I need to call my doctor about right away?
  • WARNING/CAUTION: Even though it may be rare, some people may have very bad and sometimes deadly side effects when taking a drug. Tell your doctor or get medical help right away if you have any of the following signs or symptoms that may be related to a very bad side effect:
  • Signs of an allergic reaction, like rash; hives; itching; red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin with or without fever; wheezing; tightness in the chest or throat; trouble breathing, swallowing, or talking; unusual hoarseness; or swelling of the mouth, face, lips, tongue, or throat.
  • Change in eyesight.
  • Loss of eyesight.
  • Seizures.
  • A burning, numbness, or tingling feeling that is not normal.
  • If bright lights bother your eyes.
  • A severe skin reaction (Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis) may happen. It can cause severe health problems that may not go away, and sometimes death. Get medical help right away if you have signs like red, swollen, blistered, or peeling skin (with or without fever); red or irritated eyes; or sores in your mouth, throat, nose, or eyes.
What are some other side effects of this drug?
  • All drugs may cause side effects. However, many people have no side effects or only have minor side effects. Call your doctor or get medical help if any of these side effects or any other side effects bother you or do not go away:
  • Pain, redness, swelling, or other reaction where the injection was given.
  • Itching.
  • Feeling tired or weak.
  • Feeling hot.
  • Fever or chills.
  • Headache.
  • Constipation, diarrhea, throwing up, or upset stomach.
  • Swollen gland.
  • Muscle pain.
  • These are not all of the side effects that may occur. If you have questions about side effects, call your doctor. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects.
  • You may report side effects to your national health agency.
How is this drug best taken?
  • Use this drug as ordered by your doctor. Read all information given to you. Follow all instructions closely.
  • It is given as a shot.
What do I do if I miss a dose?
  • Call your doctor to find out what to do.
How do I store and/or throw out this drug?
  • If you need to store this drug at home, talk with your doctor, nurse, or pharmacist about how to store it.
General drug facts
  • If your symptoms or health problems do not get better or if they become worse, call your doctor.
  • Do not share your drugs with others and do not take anyone else's drugs.
  • Keep all drugs in a safe place. Keep all drugs out of the reach of children and pets.
  • Throw away unused or expired drugs. Do not flush down a toilet or pour down a drain unless you are told to do so. Check with your pharmacist if you have questions about the best way to throw out drugs. There may be drug take-back programs in your area.
  • Some drugs may have another patient information leaflet. If you have any questions about this drug, please talk with your doctor, nurse, pharmacist, or other health care provider.
  • If you think there has been an overdose, call your poison control center or get medical care right away. Be ready to tell or show what was taken, how much, and when it happened.
Additional Information
Last Reviewed Date2023-11-27
Consumer Information Use and Disclaimer
  • This generalized information is a limited summary of diagnosis, treatment, and/or medication information. It is not meant to be comprehensive and should be used as a tool to help the user understand and/or assess potential diagnostic and treatment options. It does NOT include all information about conditions, treatments, medications, side effects, or risks that may apply to a specific patient. It is not intended to be medical advice or a substitute for the medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment of a health care provider based on the health care provider's examination and assessment of a patient's specific and unique circumstances. Patients must speak with a health care provider for complete information about their health, medical questions, and treatment options, including any risks or benefits regarding use of medications. This information does not endorse any treatments or medications as safe, effective, or approved for treating a specific patient. UpToDate, Inc. and its affiliates disclaim any warranty or liability relating to this information or the use thereof. The use of this information is governed by the Terms of Use, available at https://www.wolterskluwer.com/en/know/clinical-effectiveness-terms.
  • © 2024 UpToDate, Inc. and its affiliates and/or licensors. All rights reserved.
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