| Patient category | Common diagnoses | Less common diagnoses | Rare diagnoses |
| Reproductive age (not pregnant) | - Dysmenorrhea
- Endometriosis or endometrioma, including ruptured
- Ovarian cyst, including ruptured
- Pelvic inflammatory disease, including salpingitis or tubo-ovarian abscess
| - Adenomyosis
- Ovarian torsion
- Endometritis (postprocedure)
- Leiomyoma (degenerating)
- Mittelschmerz
- Sickle cell crisis in menstruating women with sickle cell disease
- Urinary retention (related to medications or underlying conditions, such as surgery)
| - Asherman's syndrome (months postprocedure or delivery)
- Endosalpingiosis
- Neoplasm/malignancy, including gynecologic, gastrointestinal, and urologic
- Ovarian vein thrombosis, including septic pelvic thrombophlebitis
- Pelvic congestion syndrome
- Torsion of subserosal fibroid
- Uterine perforation (typically after uterine procedure or intrauterine device insertion)
|
| Reproductive age (undergoing fertility treatment) | - Ectopic pregnancy
- Ovarian follicular cyst
- Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
| | |
| Reproductive age (postpartum or postprocedure) | - Wound infection
- Endometritis
| - Abdominal wall hematoma, infection, seroma, dehiscence
- Ureteral obstruction
| - Anterior cutaneous nerve entrapment syndrome
- Ovarian vein thrombosis
- Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis
|
| Postmenopausal women | - Malignancy (gynecologic, gastrointestinal, or urologic)
| | - Endometriosis
- Pelvic inflammatory disease, tubo-ovarian abscess
|
| All groups | - Appendicitis
- Diverticulitis
- Gastroenteritis
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Irritable bowel syndrome
- Musculoskeletal pelvic pain
- Urinary tract infection (cystitis, pyelonephritis)
- Urolithiasis
| - Bowel obstruction
- Fecal impaction or constipation
- Inguinal or femoral hernia
- Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder
- Muscular strain or sprain
- Pelvic adhesive disease (postoperative scarring)
- Perforated viscus
- Perirectal abscess
- Postoperative pelvic abscess
- Urethral diverticulum
- Ureteral obstruction
- Urinary retention
| - Abdominal epilepsy
- Abdominal migraine
- Abdominal aortic aneurysm
- Bladder cancer
- Depression (while depression is common, it is uncommonly a cause of acute pelvic pain)
- Domestic violence
- Fracture of pelvis or hip
- Familial Mediterranean Fever
- Herpes Zoster
- Hirschsprung disease
- Incarcerated or strangulated hernia
- Intussusception
- Lead poisoning
- Malingering
- Meckel's diverticulum
- Mesenteric adenitis
- Narcotic seeking
- Ovarian torsion
- Ovarian vein thrombosis
- Pelvic congestion syndrome
- Porphyria
- Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis
- Sexual abuse
- Sickle cell crisis
- Somatization disorder
- TRAPS
- Uterine rupture
- Volvulus
- Vulvar varicosities
- Wandering spleen
|
