Major risk factors |
- Mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours (includes extracorporeal life support)
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- Coagulopathy (eg, a platelet count <50,000 per m3, an INR >1.5, partial thromboplastin time >2 times the control value
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Other risk factors |
Acute illnesses |
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- Renal replacement therapy
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- Trauma – multiple, brain, or spinal injury
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- Burns over 35% of total body surface area
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Chronic illnesses |
- History of peptic ulcer disease
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- History of upper GI bleeding (within 1 year)
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- Three or more coexisting diseases
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Drugs |
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- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories
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Other |
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- Occult bleeding for 6 or more days
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Factors with unclear risk |
- Glucocorticoids (eg, 250 mg hydrocortisone or the equivalent)
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